Your Guide To The Perfect Pigeon Forge Vacation

BY  Sibashree Jul 12, 2024

“A river of grass flowing imperceptibly from the hinterland into the sea.” That’s Everglades National Park, a paradise exuding the most pristine and tranquil vibe.  You know, you always don’t need something out-of-the-box to have an ever-lasting impression. The spiritual ones know that being present in the moment and soaking the energy can be the most fulfilling experience.  Similarly, Everglades National Park does not need snowclad mountains or glaciers to draw millions of visitors annually. A diverse ecosystem and the conservation of natural lives here thrive amidst the National Park’s quiet hub.  President Harry S Truman rightly pointed out, "Here is land, tranquil in its quiet beauty, serving not as the source of water, but as the last receiver of it. To its natural abundance we owe the spectacular plant and animal life that distinguishes this place from all others in our country." (Source) So, if you are heading to Florida and want the most immersive experience, plan a trip to Everglades National Park, a swampland just outside Miami. You will have sea turtles, alligators, manatees, Roseate spoonbills, and fish to welcome you.  Everglades National Park: Know The UNESCO World Heritage Site In the Brief Synthesis of Everglades National Park and its outstanding universal value, the UNESCO World Heritage Convention says,  “Everglades National Park is the largest designated sub-tropical wilderness reserve on the North American continent. Its juncture at the interface of temperate and sub-tropical America, fresh and brackish water, shallow bays and deeper coastal waters creates a complex of habitats supporting a high diversity of flora and fauna. It contains the largest mangrove ecosystem in the Western Hemisphere, the largest continuous stand of sawgrass prairie and the most significant breeding ground for wading birds in North America.” There are many other interesting factors adding to the outstanding value of this place. Let’s have a look at them. The Everglades has limestone substrate, which is one of the most active modern carbonate sedimentation areas. It is home to more than 400 species of birds. It is a major migration corridor for birds. Around 20 threatened, endangered, or rare species live in the Everglades. The Everglades was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Today, various federal, global, local, and tribal governments manage the Everglades, and they work in agreement to restore the sanctity of the place.  An Encounter With The Most Fascinating Wildlife At Everglades National Park  Spanning across 1.5 million acres over Florida’s southern part, Everglades National Park attracted 1,155,193 visitors in 2022 and 810,189 in 2023. Diverse wildlife is the major crowd-puller for this park.  About the Everglades, the UNESCO World Heritage Convention says, “The mixture of subtropical and temperate wildlife species is found nowhere else in the United States.” Animals You Will Encounter At Everglades National Park AmphibiansSouthern leopard frogFlorida cricket frogEastern narrow-mouth toadPig frogBirdsRoseate spoonbillBlack-bellied whistling-duckEurasian WigeonAmerican WigeonInsectsArachnidsMosquitoesBiting fliesCentipedesReptilesLizardsSnakesAmerican alligatorsAmerican crocodilesMammalsShort-finned pilot whale Atlantic bottlenosed dolphin White-tailed deerWest Indian manatees The biodiversity of the Everglades is very crucial for Flordia’s ecological benefits. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan has been there since 2000 to restore the ecosystem of the National Park.  ** The table does not furnish exhaustive details of the animals found in the Everglades. Only a few species are mentioned.  What’s More At Everglades National Park?  Along with having an encounter with the most diverse wildlife, you can take part in boating, camping, and guided tours at the Everglades. Let’s make the most of it.  Enjoy Guided Tours & Other Services You cannot help falling in love with the following guided tours at the Everglades. Shark Valley Tram Tour Everglades Institue Tours Permitted Tour Guides You can also take airboat tours to Coopertown, Everglades Safari Park, and Gator Park.  Are you in for boating tours? Go for Backcountry boat tours, Florida Bay boat tours, and Ten Thousand Islands boat tours.  Glamping Everglades Style You cannot just miss “glamping Everglades style” if you visit the National Park between November and April. Enjoy the best of wildlife with modern comfort during your stay in these tents equipped with fans, electricity, and other amenities.  Did you know that the Flamingo Eco-tents of Everglades National Park, Florida, was featured on the list of Best Glamping Spot of 2022, published by USA Today? Glamping service here begins at $109 per night. Enjoy A Serene Boating Experience  Being in the water at the Everglades will offer you the most versatile experience. As you paddle through the water, you will also meet amazing birds and fish.  Further, when you pass through narrow channels of mud and seagrass cut through the long banks, you will surely catch a whiff of adventure.   In addition, once you reach Ten Thousand Islands, you will be at a loss for words meeting the oyster reefs and sandbars. If you are a fan of boating and aquatic pursuits, you can also visit other National Parks in Florida, including  Dry Tortugas National Park and Biscayne National Park. Stay Safe At Everglades National Park Everglades National Park has well-chalked safety guidelines, including encounters with wildlife, managing your pets and children, and risks related to mosquitoes and poisonous plants. Don’t forget to check the National Park Service website to know and address safety concerns.  Further, the park provides detailed safety guidelines regarding your visit to the park in dry and wet seasons.   Staying Safe In Wet Season Afternoon downpours and heavy thunderstorms are common Mosquito bites and the attacks of flying bees will be more Weather will be hot (>100-degree F) and humid (over 90%) Wear loose-fitting, full-sleeved/full-length clothes and remain hydrated to beat uncomfortable heat and humidity. Also, use mosquito nets or repellents to avoid mosquito and insect bites.  Staying Safe In Dry Season  The temperature in the dry season is around 53-77 degrees F. Freezing conditions may occur occasionally. Biting flies and mosquitoes will still be present in some parts of the park. Bring a warm jacket, head nets, bug jackets, or mosquito repellents to avoid mosquito and insect bites. Also, wear lightweight and comfortable clothes to explore the place freely during the daytime.  Are You In?  Everglades National Park, the largest subtropical wilderness, is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It stretches over a massive two million acres across central and south Florida.  It’s a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts, with various species coexisting there and contributing to biodiversity. It is also a “noteworthy example of viable biological processes.” In addition, as one of the oldest national parks in America, it was designated in 1934 by the  U.S. Congress.  So, are you ready to surf through miles of water and witness how a tranquil wetland can emerge as the goldmine of natural vegetation and wildlife ecstasy? Pack your bag and count me in!    Everglades National Park FAQs  Why Is Everglades National Park So Famous? Everglades National Park is known for its extraordinary wildlife. It is the hub of rare birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, sea turtles, and other aquatic animals.  It also has Florida Panthers, one of the most endangered mammals. Further, you will meet the endangered West Indian manatee and the most adorable bottlenose dolphin. The place even has a diversity of vegetation. You will get to see sawgrass, cypress, mangrove trees, and orchids.  Why Is It Called Everglades National Park?  The Everglades had vast, grassy fields or glades. If you decipher the name, you will find it to be a combination of two words, “Ever” and “Glades.” Together, these two words mean open grass fields.  What Is The Best Month To Visit Everglades National Park? November to April, or the dry season, is the best or the safest time to visit the Everglades. The temperature at this place remains moderate in this season, and there are fewer attacks by insects and mosquitoes.  Thanks to the lack of rainfall in Florida during this season, you can also explore the wildlife better during this period.  Who Found The Everglades? John Gerard de Brahm, a British surveyor, found the Everglades while mapping the Florida coasts in 1773. He called them River Glades, and it was 1823 when the name “Everglades” first appeared on the map.  From 1851, everyone started calling it “Ever Glades.” Is The Everglades Salt Water? You will have fresh water and saltwater at Everglades National Park. Once you surf through the fresh water for hundreds of miles, you will reach salt water.  Earlier, this meeting of saltwater and freshwater used to form coastal bodies with partial enclosures. These places were dynamic and had the most productive environments.  What To Wear In The Everglades?  You have to pick your outfits and shoes based on the season in which you are visiting the Everglades. If you are at the National Park during summer or the rainy season, you must wear full-length pants and full-sleeve shirts to avoid mosquito bites and contact with poisonous plants. Don’t forget your rain jacket and shoes or boots you wear during rainy seasons.  In winter, you will need warm jackets, closed-toe shoes and full-length trousers.  Also read Pet-Friendly Destinations Worldwide. Beginner Tips For Your First Camino De Santiago. Guide To Visiting Hegra (Madain Saleh) And The Al Ula Valley.

BY  Sibashree Nov 11, 2024

The wildlife of Yellowstone National Park is as fascinating as its geology. So, along with the geysers, many tourists also visit this park to explore its wildlife. The grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and more make the park the biggest concentration of mammals in the lower 48 states. However, the park is also a popular birder hub with ospreys, eagles, and falcons. You just need to know the spots well to encounter these wild creatures, with respect, of course.  Here, I will give you a brief idea about the mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish found in this park. I will also share where to spot them.  Mammals You Will See At Yellowstone National Park May to June or spring is the ideal season for watching mammals at Yellowstone National Park. You will especially get to see many bears and wolves in this season. Further, at the advent of the fall season, this park has elk bulls in great numbers.  Moreover, mammals like elk, bulls, and bison are also visible in the park in winter. Winter is also a great time to glimpse the Lamar Valley wolves. So, watching wildlife at Yellowstone National Park is a year-round activity.  Tour and Travel Tips For Wildlife Watching At Yellowstone National ParkTrek the park in the early morning or evening to have better visibility of the wildlife. The temperature remains moderate during these hours of the day.Further, you will need spotting scopes or binoculars to see the wild animals.Maintain at least 25 yards of distance from elk, bison, and other wild animals. However, for bears and wolves, you must maintain at least 100 yards of distance.  Let’s learn about the most prominent mammals in the park in detail.  American Bison Where to Find: Lamar and Hayden Valleys and the Grasslands Best Time to Find: July to August Did you know that bison in Yellowstone make up the largest (remaining) bison population on American public land?  The biggest mammals of the park, bison, have been there since pre-historic times. A male bison weighs 1,800 pounds on average, while the weight of a female bison is close to 1300 pounds.  Black And Grizzly Bears Where to Find: Mammoth and Tower Areas (Black Bear) and Lamar and Hayden Valleys (Grizzly Bears) Best Time to Find: May to June Black and grizzly bears co-exist in many parts of the national park. Grizzlies are bigger than black bears, with a hump on their shoulders and a rounder face. Bear safari is a popular activity in the park. However, you need to maintain a distance of at least 100 yards and follow all safety regulations, as bears can get violent, especially when they are with their cubs.  Elk Where to Find: Lamar Valley, Madison Canyon, Mammoth Valley Best Time to Find: September to November Due to the impressive antlers, elks are probably the most photographed animals in this national park. Do you know that the antler of an elk can grow up to 6 feet? Moose and deer, closely related to elks, are other prominent park mammals. Moose is the largest of the Cervidae family, and elks are the second largest.  Further, moose are seen in the park’s marshy areas and near water bodies. Bighorn Sheep Where to Find: Gardner Canyon and Near the Yellowstone River Best Time to Visit Bighorn Sheep in Yellowstone National Park - November and December The large and curved horns of bighorn sheep make them stand out. You will find these horns on the males. Bighorn sheep live in a herd, and in the fall season, the males get involved in loggerheads to win over their female companion.  There is one fascinating fact about bighorn sheep. When a baby bighorn sheep (lamb) is born, it can climb and walk within one day. Wolves Where to Find: Throughout the Park Best Time to See Wolves: May to June Around 100 wolves live in the Yellowstone National Park. Leopold packs, Yellowstone Delta, and Slough Creek are the biggest wolf packs in the park.  Wolves are native to the park. However, in 1995, they were re-introduced here.  Along with the types discussed, you will also find mammals like coyotes, martens, red foxes, wolverines, mule deer, marmots, and more in the park. Overall, around 67 species of mammals live here.  Amphibians In Yellowstone National Park Thanks to a unique geology, there are various ponds and wetlands across the Yellowstone National Park. Here, you will find the following varieties. Boreal Chorus Frog Western Tiger Salamander Western Toad Columbia Spotted Frog Plains Spadefoot Toad Further, these amphibians play a crucial role in the maintenance of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the park. Many mammals, birds, reptiles, and even fish prey on them. Also, they eat many vertebrate and invertebrate creatures to balance the food chain. Moreover, the amphibians in the park are indicators of high pollution rates or changes in the weather. They even indicate the advent of diseases and the arrival of any nonnative species.  So, research on amphibian populations in the park is crucial to know about any impending danger that may affect the ecosystem.  Reptiles At Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone has six species of reptiles. However, there is a greater scope for studying and identifying these reptiles. As of today, the reptile species found in the park are: Terrestrial garter snake Common garter snake Rubber boa Prairie rattlesnake Bullsnake Sagebrush lizard Prairie rattlesnake is the only venomous snake in the park, while bullsnake is the largest variety found here. Yellowstone National Park: A Birder’s Paradise A 2018 survey in Yellowstone National Park announced the presence of 82 species of birds in the park.  Further, the species of birds here are varied, and the table below mentions the variety you will come across in the park. OwlsNorthern saw-whet owl Northern pygmy-owlBoreal owl Great-horned owl EaglesBald eagleGolden eagleColony Nesting BirdsPelicanHeronsIbisesSong Birds Ruby-crowned kinglet American RobinDark-eyed junco You will also find birds like woodpeckers, ducks, geese, swans, falcons, and ospreys in this national park.  Fish In Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park is home to many native and non-native fish species. Eastern Brook Trout, brown trout, lake chub, rainbow trout, and lake trout are some non-native fish species in the park. Further, this park has native fish species, such as mountain sucker, speckled dace, Utah chub, Redside Shiner, etc.  Human Imprint On Yellowstone National Park  The home to Native Americans, Yellowstone National Park displays a human tapestry of almost 11000 years. The natives of the place have survived on hunting and fishing. Further, they have known the medicinal properties of the herbs available in the park. In addition, the healing properties and religious importance of the thermal water here had a major impact on the local human lives.  Yellowstone National Park: At A Glance  How to Reach Yellowstone National Park: Reach the Yellowstone Airport and take a cab or bus to Yellowstone National Park. Highest Point: Eagle Peak Established: 1st March 1872 Designation: UNESCO World Heritage Site for “globally unparalleled assemblage of surficial geothermal activity.” Entry Fee: $25-80 based on the entrance pass  Visitor Centers: Albright Visitor Center, West Yellowstone Visitor Information Center, Grant Visitor Center, etc.  Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.

BY  Sibashree Jul 25, 2024

The wild heart of Katmai National Park harbors 14 active volcanoes. This national park of around 5 million acres surpasses the magnificence of the Grand Canyon National Park, and kayaking, canoeing, and hiking here are one-of-a-kind experiences.  One of the oldest national parks, Katmai National Park, was established in 1918. Novarupta Volcano eruption on 6th June 1912 was destructive, and preservation of the habitation around Mount Katmai was crucial.   The National Park Service website says,  “Lasting three days, the largest volcanic eruption of the twentieth century exploded June 6, 1912, from a new volcano, Novarupta. In the process, it created Katmai caldera and the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. Not only have the 1912 events remained scientifically important ever since, but also the 1912 deposits continue to provide insights about volcanic and magmatic processes that impact us and the land we live in.” (Source)  Today, this national park is a living account of human history, and it is the home for brown bears and salmons. It is also one of the most popular destinations for volcanologists because it’s still active. Further, it has a handsome number of visitors every year, and in 2023, the number of footfall was 33,763. (Source)  Do you also want to explore this magnificent volcanic landscape? Let me be your guide.  Why Are So Many Volcanoes In Katmai National Park?   With “50 discrete volcanic vents,” Katmai National Park is the center of attention of many. But why does it have so many volcanoes?  Volcanoes in the Aleutian volcanic arc and Katmai National Park are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. “The Ring of Fire is home to 75% of the world's volcanoes and 90% of its earthquakes.” (Source)  Many call the Ring of Fire the Circum-Pacific Belt, and many tectonic plates meet here. Due to the constant movements of these plates (especially the subduction of the Oceanic Pacific Plate under the North American Plate every year), volcanic eruptions and earthquakes take place here.   Along with the eruption of  Novarupta-Katmai in 1912, there are also records of the eruption of Mount Trident from 1953 to 1974.   The latest volcanic eruption in Katmai happened with the venting of Fourpeaked Volcano in 2006. Here is an excerpt from a report published on the 2006 volcanic eruption of Fourpeaked Volcano.   “On September 17, 2006 Fourpeaked Mountain, a glacier-clad stratovolcano with no known Holocene activity, produced a plume of steam, ash, and SO2, which rose to 6000 m above sea level. The plume was observed by eye-witnesses, seen on weather radar, and also appeared in SO2-sensitive satellite imagery. Concurrent with the plume, regional seismic stations recorded a swarm of volcano-tectonic earthquakes while an atmospheric infrasound signal was recorded 800 km away. Air and ground reconnaissance revealed a linear series of vigorously steaming vents in the summit glacier, stretching about 1 km down the north flank of the volcano.”  So, are you ready to know about the active and rugged volcanoes in Katmai National Park. The next section gives you a detailed overview.   Know The Volcanoes In Katmai National Park  Volcanoes erupt for a short span if you study the entire timetable of a volcano. However, the eruption is only the outcome of activities that take place for years or even centuries. Similarly, the volcanoes in Katmai National Park have faced long intermittent periods between the occurrences of small and big eruptions.   Further, the volcanic activities and earthquakes taking place in Katmai due to tectonic movements have a major impact on human lives across generations.   Here, I present a brief overview of a few volcanoes out of the 14 in Katmai.  Mount Katmai  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UF79ozS_kFA&t=33s Mount Katmai has recorded the highest explosive incidents in the Katmai volcanic cluster. Active for over 70,000 years, the two cones of Mount Katmai were beheaded due to the caldera collapse in 1912.    The eruptive products of Mount Katmai are varied in their compositions, including basalt and rhyodacite.   Mount Griggs Mount Griggs, the tallest peak in the district, is 2,530 m tall. Despite having young lava flows, some of the deposits in Mount Griggs are 290,000 years old.   The volcano is still active and you will get to see the yellow sulfurous steam around its summit.   Trident Volcano https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rQVsdsWsIA Trident Volcano is one of the older volcanoes in Katmai. From 1953 to 1974, Trident Volcano had many eruptions. However, the highest and the central volcanic cone of Trident Volcano has been lying dormant for around 10000 years.   Mount Mageik  Mount Mageik has four discrete eruptive centers covered with snow. However, glaciers have caused severe decay in three of these lava centers. It is a younger volcano in Katmai, with its lava aged between 4,000 and 93,000.   The last eruption of Mount Mageik happened 2500 years ago. It caused a crater between two Mount Mageik summits. Today, the crater is filled with an acid lake, exuding steam curls.   Alagogshak Volcano  Alagogshak stands at the southwesternmost corner of the Katmai volcanic cluster. It is also the oldest in the Katmai family of volcanoes. The lavas in this volcano are 40,000-680,000 years old.   Peak 6875, Snowy Mountain   Peak 6875 is a young dome made of dacite lava. The scoop-shaped peak looks like a natural amphitheater.    Spectacular Landscapes Created By Volcanic Activities In Katmai National Park   The volcanoes in Katmai have created some interesting landscapes, and their activities have encouraged geologists to explore the possibilities. Nonetheless, the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is the most prominent volcanic landscape in Katmai.   It is the work of the largest volcanic eruption in the 20th century. The Novarupta Volcano eruption on 6th June 1912 created this valley.   There are various exciting destinations in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. For the geologists and people studying volcanoes, Novarupta is the ultimate destination. The dome causing the massive eruption in 1912 still carries warm steam.   It is also the most colorful place in the valley, thanks to its kaleidoscopic views caused by the deposition of ash, pumice, and other minerals.   Another popular destination in the valley is the Buttress Range Ridge. Here, you will catch a glimpse of the extensive wildlife in Katmai. Along with the bears, you will also find ptarmigan, ground squirrels, and caribou.   Other fascinating spots to explore in this valley are Katmai Pass, Southwest Trident Lava Flows, Knife Creek Glaciers, Mount Katmai Caldera, Mageik Lakes, etc.   Did You Know?  Katmai has the largest population of protected brown bears in North America.  It is home to around 2000 creatures.  Robert F. Griggs, a botanist who named Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, played an active role in designating Katmai as a national park.  Dumpling Mountain offers the best view of Katmai National Park.  The annual Fat Bear Week in Katmai is a tournament-style competition, and online visitors can choose the winner of the tournament through voting.  Katmai National Monument was established in 1918. The redesignation of the protected and expanded area as a National Park happened in 1980.   Final Words   Active volcanoes add to the spectacle of Katmai National Park, and they attract the most adventurous souls across the globe.   The volcanoes are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, and they have an eruptive history, with the last incident occurring in 2006.   AOV, or the Alaska Volcano Observatory, is in charge of monitoring the activities of these volcanoes. It also records the incidents of eruptions from dedicated monitoring stations. Two webcams are also installed at Fourpeaked and Katmai for continuous vigilance of the volcanic landscape.   So, are you ready to visit Mount Griggs, Mount Katmai, and other volcanoes in Katmai National Park? Do you want to have an exciting encounter with wildlife? Don’t forget to share your experience with us!   Katmai National Park FAQs   How To Explore Katmai National Park?  You cannot reach Katmai National Park by road. You can take a floatplane from Kodiak, Anchorage, or Homer. Further, you can take a boat or floatplane from King Salmon.  Both routes lead to the Brooks Camp shore.   What Is Special About Katmai National Park?  Katmai National Park is known for its active and extensive volcanic landscape. It has 14 volcanoes. Further, it is the home to around 2000 species, including brown bears.   You can enjoy your time here by hiking through the trails or boating or canoeing.   What Type Of Volcano Is Katmai Mountain?  Katmai Mountain is a stratovolcano and it had two big cone-shaped volcanoes. The caldera collapse in 1912 beheaded the two cones.   What Wildlife Is In Katmai National Park?  Brown bears are the most popular animals in Katmai National Park. In fact, the national park has the largest population of protected brown bears in North America.   Moose, gray wolves, sea otters, and humpback whales are fascinating animals here. Overall, it is home to around 2000 species of creatures.   What Type Of Trees Are In Katmai National Park?  Sitka spruce, alder thickets, and willow are popular trees in Katmai. You will also find plants like lowbush cranberry, cow parsnip, labrador tea, and watermelon berries here.   Reference:  National Park Service: “Since 1916, the National Park Service has been entrusted with the care of our national parks. With the help of volunteers and partners, we safeguard these special places and share their stories with more than 318 million visitors every year. But our work doesn't stop there.”  Harvard University: “Harvard experts, researchers, and leaders all around the globe make contributions—from public health to conflict resolution—that transcend borders, forge connections, and strengthen communities.”  National Geographic: National Geographic is a “world leader in geography, cartography and exploration.”  Also read Plan A Day Trip to Dry Tortugas National Park: This Is How You Will Do It. Everglades National Park: The UNESCO Heritage Site With Its Quiet Beauty. Welcome To Biscayne National Park: Enjoy Kayaking and Canoeing At This Watery Wonder.