Why Is Puttalam Sri Lanka Famous? What Are The Things To Do In Puttalam?
BY Sibashree Jun 24, 2026
Puttalam grabbed everyone’s attention with the sudden visibility of a mysterious object with a length of several feet in the sky. There were speculations about the object being a missile, rocket, or meteor shower. A few months ago, on 15th December, 2025, the Geminid meteor shower was clearly visible in the sky. However, these are not one-off instances. I could clearly see the Milky Way in Puttalam Sri Lanka, in the month of April. Furthermore, the wilderness surroundings, remote areas such as Eluwankulama, and a relatively flat topography on the southwestern coast, make Puttalam one of the chosen places of stargazing in Sri Lanka. But beyond the stargazing excitements, Puttalam, Sri Lanka, bears a rich history, exudes serene coastal beauty, and has a colonial heritage. In this article, I will talk about my days in Puttalam so that you know that coastal beauty better. Where Is Puttalam? Known for massive coconut production, prawn farming, and salt production, Puttalam town is the capital of the Puttalam district. It is on the shore of the Puttalam lagoon, the second largest lagoon in the country. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is now encouraging the most sustainable use of the lagoon resources. Thus, they are supporting the exploration of new ecosystems here for better fisheries management. Here is an excerpt from a report published by IUCN on 4th April, 2025. “With 88 fishing villages and approximately 165,000 people dependent on it, fisheries in Puttalam have been identified by its residents as their most important ecosystem service, particularly for women, who participate in bivalve gleaning and other post-harvest livelihoods. The lagoon is an important area for endangered species, such as green sea turtles and dolphins, and contains ecosystems vital for its health, such as seagrass and mangroves. Tourism is also important in the Lagoon, which hosts seasonal aquatic sports and has year-round visitors to its islands. The islands additionally have cultural importance as they are connected to local religious values.” Moreover, Puttalam has the Indian Ocean on the west, and it is the gateway to the Kalpitiya peninsula and Wilpattu National Park. How To Reach Puttalam Sri Lanka? Puttam is located around 130 km north of Colombo. It is also located at a distance of close to 95 km from Nogombo. Furthermore, it is well-connected to Colombo and other major cities/hubs of the country through the Puttalam Railway Line and A3, A10, and A12 highways. By Train The train travel from Colombo Fort to Puttalam takes between 3 hours and 45 minutes and 5 hours. Moreover, the ticket price will be between LKR 250 and LKR 1550 (Source: the Department of Railways. Sri Lanka. By Bus Also, you can take a bus from the Bastian Mawatha Bus Terminal in Colombo and travel to Puttalam with a stopover in Anuradhapura. You can even take the direct 87/816 buses. They cover the distance within around 4 to 4.5 hours, and the regular, non-AC bus tickets cost between LKR 500 and LKR 800. What Is The History Of Puttalam Sri Lanka? Puttalam in Sri Lanka today stands out with its multicultural identity. Here, you will find a fusion of Sinhalese, Sri Lankan Moors, and Tamil cultures, which have lived for generations. Furthermore, as a commercial and administrative center, it supports diverse activities such as prawn farming, shallow sea fishing, and salt production. However, this town on the northwestern coast of Sri Lanka has a history spanning 10000 years. Located on the large Puttalam Lagoon, it has been a maritime trade hub, a center for the colonial spice and coconut industries, and has an enduring and culturally diverse population. Here, I have broken the history of this coastal town into three sections. Ancient Roots And Indigenous Beginnings The archaeological evidence of the locality shows that human settlements started here 75000-125000 years ago. Prince Vijaya, 6th century B.C., chose it as the landing site, and thus the Sinhalese lineage started here. Medieval Trade And Arab Influence During the medieval period, Puttalam became a major location for maritime trade. Arab merchants, who established deep roots in the region, laid the foundation for the prominent Moorish population in the area. Furthermore, the name Puttalam comes from the Tamil word Puthu-kulam. Puthu-kulam means "new tank" or "new pond.” Thus, it indicated the vital irrigation tanks that sustained early agricultural settlements. The Colonial Era Many European powers wanted to control the lucrative trade routes of Puttalam because of its natural resources and coastal position. The Potuguese was the forest to build a built a strategic fort in Puttalam to secure the region and monitor trade in the 16th century. Then, in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch came. They captured and significantly expanded the Portuguese fortress. Furthermore, during these times, Puttalam became a central transit point for the highly profitable cinnamon trade and salt production within the lagoon. In addition, in the 19th and 20th centuries, the British came to power. They used the fertile soil of the region for the expansion of the coconut industry. Thus, Puttalam became one of the most critical sources of copra and coconut products in the island. A Quick Summary Of The History Of Puttalam Era/PeriodKey Historical Developments and MilestonesOver 10,000 years agoEarly human settlements established, supported by archaeological evidence.Medieval Period- Puttalam became a pivotal west-coast maritime trade hub.- Arab merchants settled, forming the roots of the Sri Lankan Moor community.- Named Puthu-kulam ("new tank/pond") after vital local irrigation tanks.Portuguese Rule(16th Century)A strategic coastal fort was constructed to monitor trade and secure the region.Dutch Rule (17th and 18th Centuries)- Captured and expanded the Portuguese fortress.- Transformed the town into a transit hub for cinnamon and lagoon salt production.British Rule (19th and 20th Centuries)- Developed agricultural infrastructure.- Oversaw rapid expansion of the coconut industry, making it a top source for copra. Why Is Puttalam Famous? Puttalam is famous for its historical ruins, religious centers, and natural attractions. You cannot miss the following attractions. 1. Munneswaram Hindu Temple The Munneswaram Hindu Temple is one of the five historic coastal temples of Lord Shiva in Sri Lanka. The history of the temple goes back to at least 1000 CE. Moreover, it is associated with the stories of the Ramayana. Also, it is a unique spiritual hub where Buddhists and Hindus unite. 2. St Anne’s Church St. Anne’s Church is along the coastline of Thalawila. It has a peaceful ambiance. Also, it dates back to the Portuguese era. It serves as a monumental pilgrimage site. Furthermore, it draws hundreds of thousands of believers from across the island for its grand annual feast in July. 3. Alankuda Beach The Alankuda Beach has a tranquil stretch of golden sand, and it is known for dolphin and whale watching excursions. Located in Kalpitiya, it is a premier eco-tourism destination, highly favored by adventure travelers for thrilling water sports like kitesurfing and windsurfing. 4. Hatthikuchchi Viharaya Tucked away in a peaceful forest landscape, this 3rd-century BCE Buddhist monastic complex is famous for a massive rock formation that resembles an elephant's stomach. It is highly revered as the legendary sanctuary where the pious, exiled King Sirisangabo self-sacrificially gave up his own head to assist a poor peasant. 5. Anawilundawa Wetland Sanctuary This Ramsar-designated site is an important landmark for ecotourism in Sri Lanka. It has a historic human-made system of interconnected freshwater tanks crashing right against a coastal lagoon. Furthermore, it is an irreplaceable, thriving sanctuary for thousands of native and migratory birds. 6. Puttalam Lagoon The Puttalam Lagoon, spanning an area of 32,700 hectares, is the second-largest backwater body in the country. It has calm waters, and it is an ideal hub for small-scale prawn harvesting, wildlife viewing, and kite surfing. 7. Puttalam Station The colonial rulers of Puttalam opened the railway station officially on 12th May 1926. Today, it is a state-run railway station and attracts many visitors due to its colonial charm and surrounding scenic beauty. 8. Yapahuwa Built by King Buwanekabahu, Yapahuwa was the royal residence in the 13th century. Today, you will get to see the remains of this royal palace. I was especially mesmerized to see the ornate staircase. 9. Chilaw Chilaw, located a few kilometers south of Puttalam, is a small town that stands out because of its religious harmony. People from various traditions, backgrounds, and religions live here. Furthermore, the beach here offers a calm and relaxing ambiance and the fishing villages here give you insights into the local way of living life. What Are The Things To Do In Puttalam? While Puttalam has the most tranquil vibe, it is also the hub of most adventurous activities, such as kite surfing, bar reef snorkeling, and wildlife safaris. 1. Kite Surfing In Kalpitiya Kalpitiya is a global kite surfing hub. It has consistent wind conditions for over nine months of the year. Furthermore, the flat-water lagoons here offer a safe space for learning. On the other hand, the ocean waves here challenge the advanced riders. Also, the Margarita Kite School is the best name in kite surfing training in Kalpitiya today. It trains tourists and locals with the latest equipment. Moreover, the downwind trips here are epic. You can glide across pristine, uninhabited islands and sandbars dotting the massive lagoon. 2. Dolphin Watching I could spot hundreds of playful dolphins gathering in spectacular groups just off the Kalpitiya coast. November to April is the best season to spot these adorable animals as the water remains calm. Also, local guides follow strict conservation guidelines to protect the natural habitat of mammals. So, you have to follow responsible tourism practices. 3. Diving Puttalam has a diverse marine life. So, you can explore vibrant ecosystems teeming with sea turtles, reef sharks, and manta rays. It also has historic shipwreck sites where fascinating sunken vessels are wrapped in colorful soft coral colonies. Furthermore, warm waters offer crystal-clear viewing conditions during the calm winter diving months. In addition, when you descend along deep underwater cliffs that host a spectacular variety of macro life. 4. Wildlife Safari At Wilpattu National Park The Wilpattu National Park has villus or natural rainwater lakes. It is famous for its high density of leopard population. Furthermore, here, you can spot elusive sloth bears, wild elephants, crocodiles, and colorful endemic jungle birds. So, the jeep tour on the rugged off-road tracks was immersive. It cost me around LKR 16000. 5. Bar Reef Snorkeling Here, you will find the most beautiful coral sanctuary of Sri Lanka. Also, here, you can swim alongside brightly colored butterflyfish, giant parrotfish, and harmless blacktip reef sharks. Furthermore, you will marvel at delicate, healthy formations of brain and staghorn corals just below the surface. In addition, you can take short boat rides from the mainland to reach these shallow swimming areas. What Is The Best Time To Visit Puttalam Sri Lanka? January to March and May to September are the best times to visit Puttalam. The dry and sunny weather conditions in the month are ideal for coastal kitesurfing in Kalpitiya, whale watching, and leopard safaris in the nearby Wilpattu National Park.