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BY  Sibashree Sep 11, 2024

Kobuk Valley National Park is surreal! Have you ever thought to meet sand dunes in the Arctic Circle? The unique geology of the park makes it possible. That’s not all! The Great Kobuk sand dunes stand here, along with the remains of the North American continental glaciers.  Three of the sand dunes in this national park are active or alive. The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Hunt River Dunes, and Little Kobuk Sand Dunes here cover a mesmerizing 20,000 acres of area in the park.   Today, hiking through these dunes is one of the most popular activities in the Kobuk Valley National Park.   While it is visually unusual or unexpected to see sand dunes in an Arctic National Park, you also need to understand that the Arctic region gets very little rainfall every year. So, this is also a desert region.   “Sand dunes in the Arctic landscape are not what you would expect. Since most people associate sand dunes with a hot desert environment, it is a visually unusual thing to see. In fact, what most people don't realize is that the Arctic is also a desert with very low levels of rainfall.”   - Christian, a Kobuk Valley National Park Worker  Having said that, how the sand dunes came to be here, and the experience of exploring them, will be a great thing to discuss in this article.   This Is How The Kobuk Valley National Park Became The Land Of Sand Dunes   Much of Alaska, including the Kobuk Valley National Park, falls in the Tundra region. Tundra, the coldest of the biomes, gets only around 150 to 250 mm of rainfall and snowfall yearly1. So, the national park has less rainfall than some of the most well-known deserts in the world.   Further, the sand dunes in the Kobuk Valley are as old as the Ice Age. Now, as the mighty glaciers moved forward and made a retreat, the rocks beneath were ground. Now, the blowing wind transported the sand into the empty and ice-free Kobuk Valley. The sand dunes in the park are up to 150 feet high, and they are the biggest, high-altitude, and most importantly, “active sand fields” on Earth.   In The Land Of The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes  Are you in the Sahara? No, you are around 35 miles above the Arctic Circle and still find the largest active sand dune field in the world. Today, it is a popular backpacking, hiking, and camping destination in the National Park. You must visit the Northwest Arctic Heritage Center to learn more about the outdoor pursuits in the land of sand dunes.  Let’s quickly look at why the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is a preferred destination for camping, hiking, and backpacking.  The sand is steady enough for the landing of an aircraft with wheels.  You can put up your tent on any level surface.  Also, you can hike in any direction.  Further, you can board a float plane and reach the Kobuk River. From there, you can take a backpacking tour for around two miles and reach the dunes.  You must visit the Kotzebue Visitor Center if you have plans to take this backpacking journey to and from the Kobuk River.   There is no marked route for hiking.  In summer, the temperature in the sand dunes can reach up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Also, fall is the season to see caribou migration here.   However, there’s more to it! Let’s learn about the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes as relics of the Ice Age and how life thrived here.   Great Kobuk Sand Dunes: The Relics Of The Ice Age   To know about the formation of the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, we must go back to the Ice Age. Around 28000 years ago, glaciers in the mountains formed. I have already discussed how the glaciers ground the rocks and wind deposited them in the Kobuk Valley.   Further, approximately 14000 years ago, the glaciers made a massive retreat. As a result, there were 200,000 acres of sandy land formation on the river banks. Complex Holocene activities and geomorphic processes keep the sand dune field at the Kobuk Valley National Park active or alive. Along with the Kobuk Valley, small lakes in the park have also accumulated sand over thousands of years.   However, most of the landscape today is occupied by the vegetation of the national park. Also, the sand dune area consists of only 20,000 acres. The vegetation found here consists of the following varieties.  Wild rye  Grasses  Sedges  Kobuk locoweed  Wildflowers blooming occasionally  These species grow on the shifting sand, and they function as stabilizing agents. You can see shrubs, lichens, mosses, and algae following this vegetation. Finally, there are spruce, birch, and aspen trees covering the landscape.    The slopes of the Kobuk Valley sand dunes are the only place where Kobuk locoweeds grow. These plants belong to the pea family, and they are known for their purple flowers. If you want to see these flowers, you must visit the park in late June and July.   The inland dune field of Kobuk Valley National Park is surrounded by boreal forest.   Humans And Wildlife In The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes  It’s amazing to see the Western Arctic Caribou walking through the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes. Fall and spring are the migration seasons for these animals. The north of the Brooks Range is the caribou herd’s calving ground, and they migrate to and from this place.   As the caribou herds pass through the sand dunes, their footprints remain in the ground for the longest time. According to National Park Service data, around 250,000 caribou pass through this national park annually.   No wonder that the Kobuk Valley National Park is one of the “last great migrations” remaining in the world. The table below gives you a brief idea of the animals and birds in the sand dunes.  Birds •Sharp-shinned Hawk •Golden Eagle •Bald Eagle •American Wigeon •Northern Pintail •Rough-legged Hawk •Marsh Hawk Mammals •Caribou •Wolverine •Muskox •Snowshoe Hare •Moose •Gray Wolf •Grizzly Bear •Beaver •Arctic Fox •American Pine Marten Amphibians Wood Frog Fish •Longnose Sucker •Salmon* •Northern Pike •Alaska Blackfish •Alaska Whitefish •Humpback Whitefish •Alaskan Stickleback •Ninespine Stickleback  Human history in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is at least 8000 years old. They lived by the Kobuk River and were mainly focused on fishing, hunting, and trapping for survival. It is fascinating to visit the thousand-year-old hunting camps on the edges of the sand dunes.  The golden and shifting Great Kobuk Sand Dunes are located a few miles away from the Kobuk River. Further, the sand dunes soar up to 100 miles in the air.   Kobuk Valley National Park Is Also The Land Of Iñupiaq Subsistence  Human life, which started in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes 8000 years ago, is still thriving with the mantra of subsistence. The Iñupiaq people here use the available natural resources to fulfil their physical needs and safeguard their spiritual and cultural requirements.   For example, they depend on caribou and salmon to feed themselves and their dogs. At the same time, caribou skin hide is extensively used to make parka jackets to combat Arctic winter. They also make mukluks or boots using reindeer skin to walk through the snow.   Further, the local people made baskets using birch and willow. Moreover, in darkness, caribou tallow or seal oil were the only ingredients to light up their stone lamps.   Irrespective of the trade with the coastal communities, the “customary, traditional and non-commercial” use of natural resources is still important in the park.   Iñupiat Ilitqusiat And Respecting The Ecosystem   Aboriginal people in the Kobuk Valley National Park are committed to passing on their values from generation to generation. The Iñupiat Ilitqusiat value asks them to transfer the knowledge and skill of hunting and everything about life.  In addition, this transfer of knowledge helps to make the most of various seasons and subsistence opportunities. For example, the caribou season comes to this park after the salmon season.   Earlier, Noatak Valley was the destination for these people during the caribou season, and even today, some families move to Noatak Valley. Again, summer camping around the Kobuk River is common for fishing, especially catching salmon and whitefish.   Summer is also the season for harvesting berries and wild greens for the local people.  If you want to learn about the local people and their values, you must be respectful and understand their seasonal activities as a part of their subsistence practices.   Overall, the Kobuk Valley National Park is not just a place to see sand dunes and wildlife. It is a tapestry of human lives depending on nature.   Things To Know Before You Visit The Kobuk Valley National Park   For me, the sand dunes and Iñupiaq subsistence practices are the most fascinating things in the Kobuk Valley National Park. However, keep the following information handy if you are to pay a visit anytime soon.   Mode of Transport: Authorized air taxis from Kotzebue or Bettles  Visitor Center: Northwest Arctic Heritage Center  Entrance Fee: Free  Permits Required:  Commercial Use Authorization (CUA) for commercial activities, Research Permits, Filming and Photography Permits  Activities to Do: Boating, fishing, camping and backpacking, hiking, flight-seeing, and exploring nearby attractions  Best Time to Visit: June to July   Area: 1,750,000 Acres  Established: 2nd December, 1980  Number of Visitors: 17,616 (2023) (National Park Service Data)  Snowfall, downpours, and extreme weather conditions can occur in any season of the year. So, follow the instructions shared at the visitor center and keep your gear ready for survival!  

BY  Abdul Aziz Jul 11, 2023

Exploring new places and experiencing different cultures is truly exciting and can be a highlight in anyone's life. With so many countries to choose from, Japan is a popular travel destination. There are so many sights to see and things to do that await in the land of the rising sun. Staying connected is essential to a smooth, uninterrupted travel experience. Get ready to unlock the potential of eSIMs in Japan and how they can enhance your travel experience. Using these for travel can be a convenient, hassle-free option. With digital SIM card providers like Holafly, you can easily purchase and install your eSIM effortlessly. This way, you can stay connected while traveling without any worries. eSIM For Japan Travel From A Trusted Data Shop When buying an eSIM for travel to Japan, it is essential to get it from a dependable international eSIM data shop. Here's why: Assurance Of Authenticity And Reliability When buying an eSIM, choose a trusted international data shop. This way, you can be sure that the eSIM you get is the real deal and won't cause any problems when activating or using it. So, do your research and choose a reputable provider. Reliable eSIM retailers that cater to international customers usually have a vast selection of eSIM plans, including those designed specifically for Japan. With such diversity, you can choose and pick the plan that suits you best. Transparent Pricing And Billing With a reputable eSIM provider, you can expect transparent pricing and billing practices. They provide clear cost information, including additional fees or taxes, so you know what you're paying upfront. This transparency helps you make informed decisions and avoid unexpected charges. Customer Support And Assistance Top-tier eSIM providers prioritize excellent customer support. They offer dependable customer service channels, such as email or live chat, to promptly address any queries or concerns you may have before, during, or after purchase. Their support team can guide you through activation, troubleshoot issues, and provide timely assistance. Secured Payment Options Finding an eSIM data store that prioritizes the security of your payment information is crucial. A reputable shop will use secure payment gateways and encryption technologies to protect your sensitive data, ensuring a safe transaction process. With a reputable eSIM retailer, you can rest easy when you purchase an eSIM, knowing your information is safeguarded throughout the transaction. Choosing The Right eSIM Plan In Japan When selecting a data plan for your stay in Japan, assessing your data needs for browsing, streaming, and accessing online services matters. Choose a package with enough data for your usage needs. Also, decide whether you need voice calls or messaging and choose a plan that offers the right options. Lastly, consider the length of your stay in Japan and choose a plan that fits your travel needs; most offers range from a couple of days to several weeks. Based on these factors, you can be confident that your mobile plan will meet your needs and be cost-effective. Knowing the right plan for you will help when you buy an eSIM for another country, like Thailand. Addressing Common Concerns For eSIM In Japan Device Compatibility With eSIM? If you're planning a trip to Japan, make sure your smartphone supports eSIM. Many newer models, including select Android devices and iPhones, support this feature, but it's always a good idea to check with your device manufacturer or service provider to confirm compatibility. Need Assistance With eSIM Activation If you have trouble activating your eSIM, reliable providers offer customer support channels to help. You can expect prompt, practical help from their customer service team, whether you prefer email or live chat. eSIMs In Addition To A Physical SIM Card Do you want to keep your physical SIM card and add an eSIM at the same time? Keep your original SIM and purchase an eSIM at the same time. Even though a Japan eSIM does not come with a local phone number, it can still be used for making calls using WhatsApp or similar applications operating on data. Final Thoughts Maximizing the capabilities of eSIMs can enhance a traveler's experience in Japan. Buying from a trusted international eSIM provider like Holafly ensures an authentic, reliable product with transparent pricing and billing practices. Reputable shops also prioritize customer support and employ secure payment gateways. When planning your stay in Japan, consider your data needs and how long you'll be there. Ensure your device is compatible, and don't hesitate to ask for help. With these basic tips, you can stay connected throughout your trip, which can help on future trips when you may need it again. Read Also: 10 Best Places To Travel In November – Travel Guide 2022 Top 5 Used Japanese Vehicles In Australia

BY  Mashum Jul 21, 2023

Are you traveling someplace? Still interested in the issue? Can I bring makeup on a plane? Of Course, you can, but you need to follow the restrictions established by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). Makeup is essential for many in their personal and professional life. Similarly, when they are traveling, makeup is important for them. Hence, asking about the credibility of carrying makeup while traveling on a flight is important. It is necessary because the security check-in can be performed successfully if the makeup follows the established norms by TSA. According to the norm, the agents must see all the makeup products. Passengers, therefore, must carry makeup in a different clear bag so that there is no issue during screening. Can I Bring Makeup On A Plane? Answering The Most Asked! Makeup is really needed in our daily lives, so imagine how important it must be when you are traveling. You need to look good in those travel pictures! Therefore, pack your makeup with all the information so you are not penalized. At times, passengers are asked to dump makeup in paste, gel, lotion, liquid, or cream form leading to a waste of product and money. Makeup products in recent times have become costly; hence, losing even one product is arduous. Makeup cannot be considered as only lipstick, foundation, eyeliner, and others. It also includes toiletries, skincare, hair care, perfume, etc. The TSA rules are limited to makeup products and other care products. Tsa Rules For Carrying Makeup When traveling, stress soars because of all the norms and regulations. You must follow the rule of TSA called 3:1:1, where one quart-sized bag is allowed with 3.4 ounces or 100 ml liquid, cream, gel, or pastes. If you do not follow the TSA norms, there is a high chance of TSA agents pulling your bag and implementing more screening procedures. There are many instructions based on air travel because of the increasing risks of illegal substance smuggling and others. When discussing carrying makeup products, informing TSA agents about any products taken in large quantities is important. Organizing Makeup Bag Always carry makeup in a clear bag to carry all your makeup. It will make your traveling much easier. Try to use spacious storage bags and containers for transparent makeup products. It will keep clarity between you and the TSA agents. Try to carry makeup only as much as needed. Try to leave the redundant products behind; hence, make a plan and a list. Follow the TSA rules and accordingly carry the liquids and powders. 1. Makeup You can carry any makeup in powder or solid form in your carry-on and checked baggage without any restrictions. However, try to avoid taking powder makeup above 12 ounces. During the screening, the powder product must go in a separate pin when check-in. No restrictions are implemented by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) concerning the quantity or the size of the product as long as it is in solid or powder form. The restrictions are implemented if the makeup products are in paste, gel, lotion, liquid, or creamy form. The first restriction is that the amount must be 3.4 ounces or less if you carry makeup in paste, gel, lotion, liquid, or creamy form in the carry-on bag. One quart-sized zip-top bag is allowed, where as many as travel-size liquids containing 3.4 ounces can be carried. For one passenger, only one zip-top bag is allowed. However, in the checked baggage, there are no restrictions on the makeup in liquid, gel, or cream. 2. Skincare For skincare, TSA has established the same 3-1-1 rule, especially because skincare is mostly in cream and liquid form, especially when skin care is carried in handbags. Products such as shampoo, lotion, makeup, and sunscreen are mostly in cream or liquid form; hence you must carry these products in a quart-size bag. A quick tip: the low humidity in airplanes is what causes dry and cracked lips while onboard. You're permitted to bring solid lip balms to take care of this. 3. Haircare For hair care products that you might carry, you must remember the 3.4 ounces rule for liquid products. The TSA agents can toss them away if you do not follow this rule. Hence, you can lose the product. Apart from that, you can use a hard shampoo and conditioner bar if you are tired of dealing with all these norms. It will help you follow the rules established by TSA without worrying about your liquid products being tossed out. 4. Bodycare In body care, products are in liquid form. Hence, the rule related to liquid must be followed. The 3.4 ounces norm for the liquid must also be observed, especially when carrying body care products. In checked luggage, you can carry anybody care products. There are no restrictions established for checked baggage. You can carry wet wipes in your handbags, hence because there are no restrictions on carrying wet wipes. 5. Nail Polish Nail Polish is a liquid and inflammable product; hence, you must be careful when carrying nail paint. The amount allowed for carrying nail polish is 100 ml or 3.4 ounces. In your carry bag, you must take a smaller container of nail polish that is less than 3.4 ounces. Be careful when carrying nail polish because airplane turbulence can lead to spillage or leakage in your bags. Nail polish also has a specific smell that can be disturbing for others. 6. Perfume Deodorant, perfume, or Cologne are also a part of makeup because it is used for physical hygiene, smelling good, and others. Considering the products, Cologne or deodorant can be in either aerosol or liquid form, at risk of being inflammable. Try to carry a travel-size bottle so that you do not face any potential issues of TSA agents dumping your products. Overall, passengers must take 3.4 ounces of perfume. Conclusion   Read this article to learn whether you can carry makeup while traveling on a plane. To answer the question, can I bring makeup on a plane? Yes, you can. We have also informed you about other makeup products, such as hair care, skincare, and perfume. Please let us know if you have ever faced any issues regarding carrying makeup products while traveling on a plane. Read Also: Everything About Breeze Airways: Breeze Airways Reviews, Features, And More! Can You Use Bluetooth On A Plane? – Know It All Here! Can You Bring A Lighter On A Plane? Know It All Here! Avelo Airlines Reviews You Were Looking For!