Show-Me: Discovering Missouri’s Hidden Gems

BY  Sibashree Sep 12, 2024

No, it’s not the battle of the Starks, Lannisters, and other houses of Westeros. In Canada lies Kootenay National Park, the actual land of ice and fire. The glacier-made canyons and valleys sing the song of the ice, while the hot springs and grasslands keep the “fire” element alive here.  Also, the national park is a hub of ancient fossils, encouraging walks through the fossil trails. Moreover, you can take a scenic drive through the park, rich in Indigenous culture, history, architecture, and cultural landscape.   So, do you want a virtual tour of this Canadian national park? THIS is where your journey begins! THESE Are The Things You Will Do At Kootenay National Park With no cell service available in Kootenay National Park, you can get lost in the wilderness and explore the most fascinating landscape. However, being respectful to the wildlife is a must for this national park. This August, I came across disturbing news while doing my research on Kootenay National Park.  I have been in touch with a local from Radium Hot Springs for quite some time now. He told me that a grizzly bear coming out of Kootenay National Park was almost struck by an SUV on 19th August 2024.  This incident occurred on a busy highway in southeastern British Columbia, and fortunately, the Kia Sportage SUV made its way to the other side safely. Further, it was a lesson on why following the safety guidelines is crucial while driving in and around the Kootenay National Park. On the major routes of Kootenay National Park, you will have to maintain a maximum speed of 56 mph.However, on the minor routes, the highest driving speed limit will be 37 mph.  Also, around one month before the incident, on 24th July 2024, there was a minor fire in the  Sinclair Canyon slopes (near Radium Hot Springs) of the national park. It was called the Berland Ridge wildfire. This fire was under control thanks to a helicopter bucketing water on it. However, outside the park’s southern boundary, there was a blazing fire that was brought under control after pain-stricken efforts.  So, these incidents show how mindful and cautious you need to be while taking part in the following activities.  Hiking In Kootenay National Park (Hikers’ Favorite Trails) The hiking trails in Kootenay National Park are full of elevation gains and losses. Also, today, the national park has more than 70 hiking trails at easy, moderate, and difficult levels.  However, I have curated a few hiking trails in the table below. After interacting with a couple of hikers, I found out that these are the ones most preferred. Name of the Trail Difficulty LevelDistanceLocationHighlightsMarble CanyonEasy1.4 Km with 42 M Elevation Gain Located near Lake Louise, AlbertaHiking, snowshoeing, and running are the favorite activities here.It is a pet-friendly and kid-friendly trail. It is a year-long hiking trail. Stanley Glacier Trail Difficult 10.9 Km with 607 M Elevation Gain Located near Lake Louise, AlbertaSnowshoeing, camping, and hiking are popular activities on this trail.You can take your dog as a company.June to September is the best time to hike this trail. Sinclair Canyon via Juniper Trail Moderate5.8 Km with 291 M Elevation GainIt is close to Radium Hot Springs in British Columbia.You will have to hike through a beautiful cedar fir forest on this trail.The view of verdant Sinclair Canyon Falls and the Columbia Valley from this trail is breathtaking.Marble Canyon to Paint PotsModerate2.9 Km with 110 M Elevation GainRadium Hot Springs (Marble Canyon Parking Lot  - 89 km east of Radium Hot Springs, Paint Pots - 86 Km east of Radium Hot Springs).Explore a good mix of mature and burnt forest throughout the trail.Behold the Vermillion River running parallel to the trail. Floe LakeDifficult10.5 Km with 1,110 M Elevation Gain Near Radium Hot Springs (72 Km East)Backpacking and camping are popular activities on this trail. The trail leads to the Floe Lake Backcountry campground. This popular meadowy trail is known for its views of peaks, glaciers, and the beautiful Floe Lake. Numa CreeksModerate 6.3 Km with 385 M Elevation GainThe trailhead is near the Numa Falls, which is 80 Km east of the Radium Hot Springs. It is a forested trail.The trail leads to heavy avalanche paths in the park.  The hikers’ words about the trails in this national park are quite encouraging. Let’s find out what they are saying about the mesmerizing hiking trails.  “This is a beautiful, deep canyon hike. The trail crosses the canyon multiple times to view the ferocious Kootenay river below. Hiking boots aren't necessary since it is a well-traveled trail.” - Deborah Turcotte on the Marble Canyon Trail  “The trail was mostly dry and in very good condition. No snow on the trail, just a few short wet spots. Trek up is mostly sheltered but a bit chilly and windy in the bowl so bring layers as the temp changes quickly when the sun is behind clouds. Still lots of snow in the bowl. Found one rock with fossils. There are a few small waterfalls on Stanley Peak. Lots of boulders at the base of the bowl to sit and enjoy a lunch and 360 views. An easy to moderate 3-4 hour hike with nice views of Stanley Peak, Storm Mtn, and the Kootenay Valley.” - Sue W on the Stanley Glacier Trail  Kootenay National Park Camping  Kootenay National Park is a wonderful place for frontcountry and backcountry camping. You can even live in oTENTiks and spend some unforgettable days in the park under the sky.  Frontcountry Camping You can camp near the Vermillion, Kootenay, and Simpson rivers. Also, you can find some quiet spots near Radium Hot Springs village.  Summer is the best season for front-country camping in the national park. However, the sites remain crowded. So, you must go for a prior booking.  Further, the daytime temperature in the national park remains between 16-23 degrees centigrade. Still, the temperature at night can drop below 0 degrees centigrade. So, abiding by the camping rules is crucial, and especially, be particular about the things you will have to carry. Moreover, like camping in any national park, here also you have to ensure that you don’t leave any trace behind as you leave the site.  Backcountry Camping Backcountry camping and backpacking are the best ways to explore the wilderness of this Canadian national park. However, you must make a prior booking and carry a backcountry permit if you want to spend some days and nights amidst grizzly bears, black bears, wolves, elks, and cougars.  Further, there are six backcountry camping grounds in the park, five of which are located along the  Rockwall Trail. The  Verdant Creek Trail has the sixth camping ground.  Random camping is not allowed during summer, as protecting the landscape and vegetation is crucial. This restriction applies from May to October.  However, in the winter months, you can do random camping in the designated areas. You will still need a permit for this. As I have mentioned, the Rockwall trail is the most prominent place for backcountry camping in the park. This site is also popular for the presence of various multi-day hiking trails. These trails are: Honeymoon Pass and Verdant Creek Tumbling - Floe The Rockwall  Tumbling - Helmet - Ochre Loop Numa Creek Helmet Creek and Falls Tumbling Creek Helmet - Ochre Junction In the popular backcountry camping areas, the trails are maintained quite well. Further, there will be amenities like food storage cables, food lockers, picnic tables, and tent pads.  Living in oTENTik An oTENTik is a modern fusion of a cabin and a tent. In the park, you will find the oTENTik site on the Redstreak campground’s A loop.  If you stay in an oTENTik, you will wake up amidst nature, and taking a bath at the hot springs will be the most rejuvenating experience. Then, you can explore the nearby hiking trails and gorge on traditional meals cooked in the campfire.  Relaxing At Radium Hot Springs  Beneath the colorful Sinclair Canyon mountains lie the most refreshing hot springs. Further, the mineral-rich water of the hot springs does not have any odor, and you can take a bath with your entire family.  To reach the Radium Hot Springs, you must drive from Banff and Lake Louise for around 1.5 hours. Further, the journey is as interesting as the destination, as you will get to small turquoise lakes, falls, canyons, and bridges over rivers as you drive through the Kootenay National Park. Also, don’t forget to stop at the following locations to make the most of your journey. Continental Divide (The line diving the Pacific and Atlantic watersheds) Marble Canyon Hike Paint Pots Trail Numa Falls Kootenay Valley Viewpoint (It is the place to get the most beautiful view of Vermilion and Mitchell Ranges.)  Olive Lake Trail and Day-Use Area However, the highlight of the journey, of course, is the Sinclair Canyon, where you will also find big horn sheep roaming. As you hike through the Juniper / Sinclair trail, you will get a “bird’s eye view” of Sinclair Canyon.  Further, as you enter the Radium Hot Springs village, you will see an iconic steel horn sculpture. The “Bighorns Public Art Sculpture” was officially unveiled on 7th April 2021. Moreover, Clara Reinhardt, the mayor of Radium in 2021, said,  “We chose something that implies a sense of arrival to Radium, the Columbia Valley, and beyond. We captured the undeniable natural beauty of the curved horns through a Fibonacci spiral—the golden ratio in nature and art.” “We wanted to create a piece of art that speaks to both the history and the future of bighorn sheep in Radium. We captured the undeniable natural beauty of the curved horns through a Fibonacci spiral—the golden ratio in nature and art.” - Adam Meikle (Artist of the Bighorns Public Art Sculpture) Burgess Shale Fossil Hike  The Burgess Shale Fossil Hike in the national park will give you access to Mount Stephen and Walcott Quarry. These are UNESCO Restricted Sites. Further, you will get to see some of the oldest fossils in the world here.  However, in total, you have three routes to explore in the Burgess Shale Fossil Hike. Let’s discuss them in detail.  Walcott Quarry Starting Point: Takakkaw Falls Difficulty Level: Difficult  Elevation Gain: 825 Meters Duration: 11 Hours Return Distance: 22 Kms Walcott Quarry is a classic example of a fossil hike. Also, the top view of the Emerald Lake from here is amazing. Further, you will find Burgess Shale creatures here, which were found in fossilized conditions at the mountaintop in the Yoho National Park.  “The Burgess Shale organisms lived 508 million years ago in a time period that Geologists call the Cambrian, which began at 541 Ma (million years ago) and ended by 485.4 Ma. The first fossil occurence of most animal lineages (at the phylum and class levels) occur in the Cambrian. As a result of this fact, and because the fossils are well preserved, Paleontologists studying the Burgess Shale fossils can deduce a great deal about the ancestory of animal lineages.” The Burgess Shale fossils were discovered at the Walcott Quarry site in 1909 by Charles Doolittle Walcott. 1 Mount Stephen Difficulty Level: Difficult  Elevation Gain: 795 Meters Duration: 7.5 Hours Return Distance: 9 Kms As you hike through the Mount Stephen trilobite beds, you will get to overlook the “town of Field” in British Columbia. Railway workers in the 1880s used to call the town of Field the space of “stone bugs.”  Further, during this trek, you will see trilobite fossils (now extinct and one of the earliest marine arthropods), and the view of the Kicking Horse River from the trail is amazing.  Stanley Glacier Difficulty: Moderate Return Distance: 10 km Elevation Gain: 385 m Duration: 7.5 hours You will start hiking the Stanley Glacier in a fire-swept forest. The forest has lodgepole pine and wildflowers. Further, along your route, you will get to see a turquoise river, waterfalls, and the best view of the Stanley Glacier. Moreover, you will get to see the fossils of hyolithids, sponges, trilobites, and sponges here, and they are from the Eldon Formation.  Cambroraster, an ancient arthropod, and many other species are found in the quarry near the Stanley Glacier. Further, the shell of a Cambroraster looks like the Millennium Falcon spaceship in its shape. Important Kootenay National Park Data At A Glance  Before you start for the Kootenay National Park, don’t forget to have a look at the stats. Location: British Columbia, Canada Established: 21st April, 1920 Area: 1,406 km² Highest Landscape: Deltaform Mountain (3,102 m) Designation: UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984 (As Part of the “Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks ) Visitor Center: Kootenay National Park Visitor Centre (7556 Main Street East; Radium Hot Springs, B.C.) How to Reach: Via Highway 1 from Banff, AB or Calgary, AB/Via Highway 95 at Radium Hot Springs, BC Also Read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.

BY  Sibashree Feb 4, 2026

The charm of Edinburgh grows on you. I know that I am not the only one who felt like moving to the Scottish Capital after the first visit.   So, even though Edinburgh happened to me many moons ago, I can vividly remember its moody weather and the beautiful architecture. More than anything, the cityscape stays with me.   Also, if you are a “bucket-list” kind of traveler, the city harbors endless attractions. And this guide here is about the things to do in Edinburgh.   What Are The Things To Do In Edinburgh?   From visiting the beautiful Dean Village to exploring the majestic Edinburgh Castle, you cannot match the experience of the Scottish capital with anywhere else.   These are my favorite things to do in Edinburgh.  1. Visiting The Dean Village   Dean Village reminded me of the village of Belle from Beauty and the Beast. I took a short walk from Stockbridge to reach Dean Village.   Furthermore, I just grabbed my coffee and roamed aimlessly. This is how you discover the best wonders and keep your plan spontaneous.   2. Strolling Down The Circus Lane   I discovered the Circus Lane while strolling along the Dean Village and beyond. The Circus Lane is just five minutes away from Dean Village.   Every minute in the street is Instagrammable.  3. Living The Dark Academia Moment At New College  The dark academia fan in me was very happy visiting the New College. I stepped into the courtyard and saw a ballroom scene becoming alive before my eyes.   4. Exploring The Edinburgh Castle  On top of Castle Rock, the castle is the crown jewel in the history of Edinburgh. Also, from the castle, you can enjoy a panoramic view of the surroundings.  5. Wandering Along The Royal Mile   The Royal Mile is also one of the historical palaces to see in Edinburgh. It is a thoroughfare, and it is a link between the Palace of Holyroodhouse and Edinburgh Castle.   You will find many eateries, shops, and landmarks here.   6. Hiking To The Top Of Arthur’s Seat  This is a hike to reach the top of an ancient volcano. The hike is rewarding, and after reaching the top, I loved the vistas of the entire city.   It’s a must if you are in Edinburgh.  7. Enjoying The View Of The Edinburgh Castle From Vennel Viewpoint  You can enjoy a different perspective of the Edinburgh Castle from the Vennel Viewpoint. The surroundings are beautiful in all seasons.   However, it is something different in autumn.   8. Exploring The Harry Potter Shops On Victoria Street   Now, everyone knows that Victoria Street is the inspiration behind the famous Diagon Alley in Harry Potter.   No wonder that the street today has many Harry Potter-themed shops. So, it was a mix of walking down the historical moments and a Potterhead moment.   9. Living The Willy Wonka Moment At The Chocolatarium  The Chocolatarium, close to the Royal Mile, offers a 90-minute guided tour called The Tour of Chocolate.   You will get to taste more than 40 flavors of chocolates here, and you can make your own chocolate bar and take it home.   Furthermore, during the weekends, The Chocolatarium also offers Chocolate and Wine and Chocolate and Whiskey pairings.   10. Enjoying Views From The Top Of Camera Obscura  Camera Obscura has various exhibits and displays. However, to find Camera Obscura, you will have to reach the top of the building.   This old telescope from 1835 is the oldest CCTV in the city. Through this, you can enjoy a view of the city down to the waterfront as it was back then.  11. Visiting The Grave Of Tom Riddle At Greyfriars Kirkyard  Near the Royal Mile, Greyfriars Kirkyard is an iconic place to visit in Edinburgh. Here, you will find the graveyard of McGonagall and Tom Riddle.   12. Taking A Stroll Up To Calton Hill  Calton Hill is home to various iconic moments of Edinburgh. Furthermore, I loved it more for its sunrise and sunset views.   13. Visiting The Museums Of Edinburgh   Edinburgh has some of the most prominent and comprehensive museums in the United Kingdom.   These are the museums you can explore in Edinburgh.   National Museum Of Scotland   You will get to know about Scottish history, technology, science, world cultures, and the natural world at the National Museum of Scotland.   The important exhibits here are Dolly the Sheep, which was the first cloned mammal, the Lewis Chessmen, and the dramatic architecture of the Grand Gallery.   You need at least 3 hours to explore this museum.   The Museum Of Edinburgh  It is home to the National Covenant, one of the most important documents in the history of Scotland.   Furthermore, you will find many historic artifacts related to the city in the museum.   Writers’ Museum  This is again a dream spot for dark academia fans. The unique setup and museum celebrate the likes of Robert Louis Stevenson, Sir Walter Scott, and Robert Burns.   Along with rare books, you will also find personal objects used by the prominent literary figures and paintings.   Moreover, the museum offers free entry.   Scottish National Portrait Gallery  Visiting the iconic Scottish National Portrait Gallery is one of the best free things to do in Edinburgh.   Here, you will enjoy a journey through the history of Edinburgh with the photographs, sculptures, paintings, and movies.  Surgeons’ Hall Museums  It is one of the most prominent and fast surgical museums in the world. Here, you will get to know about the evolution of surgery and medicine.   You will also come across the surgical instruments from the 19th century and many preserved specimens. 14. Buying Secondhand Books At Armchair Books  It is a paradise for book lovers. You will get books from the 1800s and different centuries at this shop.   So, you don’t just buy books from here; you carry a little moment of history home.   15. A Fun Johnnie Walker Whiskey Tour  1820 Rooftop Bar at Johnnie Walker is a great place to enjoy your drink and have the views of Edinburgh Castle.   Furthermore, I loved the Johnnie Walker tour, learning about the history of this iconic drink.   Along with the 1820 Rooftop Bar, these are the bars you can explore in Edinburgh.  Other Bars In Edinburgh Why Famous Bramble Bar & Lounge One of the best bars in the UK Serves amazing, crafted drinks Hey Palu Serves the best classic Negronis Chaophraya Edinburgh Great Food Amazing views of Edinburgh Castle from the rooftop The Alchemist Theatrical Cocktails Wee Vault Amazing craft beers and meads The Royal Oak A Folk Music Pub Nauticus Bar Serves local spirits   Where To Eat In Edinburgh?   The Witchery,  The Pantry, and Taco Libre are my favorite spots to eat in Edinburgh.   The Witchery has two dining halls, the Witchery itself and the Secret Garden, which is the main one. Despite being a celebrated place, the food here is quite reasonable. It’s around £30 for two people.   We chose The Pantry as your brunch stop. It is close to the Circus Lane and Dean Village. I loved the coffee there.   Moreover, at the end of Princes Street, Taco Libre is a casual place to appease your sudden hunger pangs. The tacos are great, but try the Margaritas once!   Where To Stay In Edinburgh?   The House of Gods and the Royal Mile at The Witchery are some of the most interesting places to stay in Edinburgh.   The House of Gods offers a wild experience. On the other hand, the Royal Mile at The Witchery has the quintessential Gothic romance vibe. In the heart of the historic town of Edinburgh, the experience here feels out of this world.   What Is The Best Time To Visit Edinburgh?   Autumn is the best time to visit Edinburgh. You can feel the dark academia vibe of the city the best during the fall months.   Furthermore, the summertime also offers a fairy tale experience with the Sun going down after 10 PM.  Read Also: What Are The Things To Do In Santa Barbara? Know the Things You Cannot Miss What Are The Unique Things To Do In Thailand, Phuket? The Ultimate Guide What Are The Things To Do In Oahu For Free? A Guide For Budget Travelers

BY  Arnab Jul 17, 2023

When it comes to fun and immersive experiences, few places can match the vibrant souks of Marrakech. Lose yourself in a maze of extremely narrow alleyways that are full of a kaleidoscope of colors, enticing aromas, and the sounds of haggling merchants.  Get Yourself Immersed in the Vibrant Souks of Marrakech Explore the bustling markets where you can find everything from traditional Moroccan spices and intricately crafted ceramics to beautiful textiles and hand-woven rugs. Don't forget to put your bargaining skills to the test and enjoy the lively atmosphere that surrounds this enchanting city. Trekking in the Sculprous Atlas Mountains For nature enthusiasts as well as adventure seekers, trekking on the breathtaking Atlas is an absolute must-do in Morocco. Lace up your hiking boots and embark on an unforgettable journey through rugged terrains, picturesque Berber villages, and alluring valleys.  The High Atlas region offers a range of hiking trails suitable for all levels of experience, letting you witness stunning landscapes, encounter local wildlife, and experience the warm hospitality of the Berber people. Whether you opt for a day trip or a multi-day trek, the Atlas ranges promise awe-inspiring views and an opportunity to connect with nature. Discover the Timeless Beauty of chefchaouen's Blue Medina Settled in the Rif Mountains, the city of Chefchaouen is renowned for its picturesque blue-painted medina, creating a fairytale-like ambiance. Wander through the narrow, winding streets adorned in shades of blue and marvel at the traditional Moroccan architecture. The blue-washed buildings and alleyways make for a photographer's paradise, providing endless opportunities for capturing Instagram-worthy shots.  As you explore this magical city, take the time to visit the vibrant local markets, indulge in delicious Moroccan cuisine, and soak up the serene atmosphere that sets Chefchaouen apart. Ride a Camel and Camp Under the Sahara Desert's Starlit Sky A trip to Morocco isn’t complete without venturing into the vastness of the Sahara Desert. Experience the thrill of riding a camel across the golden dunes, immersing oneself in the surreal beauty of the desert landscape. As night falls, settle into a traditional desert camp and witness the spectacular sight of a star-filled sky.  Share stories around the campfire, listen to traditional music, and indulge in a delicious Moroccan feast. The tranquility and grandeur of the Sahara Desert offer a once-in-a-lifetime experience that will leave you with memories to cherish forever. Unveil the Rich History and Architecture of Fes Step back in time and explore the medieval city of Fes, renowned for its ancient mosques, madrasas, and maze-like streets. The UNESCO-listed Medina of Fes is the world's largest car-free urban area, paving the way to wander freely through centuries-old architecture and soak up the city's rich history. Visit the famous Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque, the world's oldest university, and admire the intricate details of the Bou Inania Madrasa. Don't miss the vibrant tanneries, where you can witness the traditional process of leather production. Fes offers a captivating glimpse into Morocco's past and is a must-visit for history enthusiasts. Relax and Unwind in the Coastal Town of Essaouira Escape the hustle and bustle of Morocco's cities and head to the picturesque coastal town of Essaouira. Known for its laid-back atmosphere and stunning beaches, Essaouira offers a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure. Stroll along the historic ramparts, explore the bustling fishing harbor, and savor fresh seafood at the local restaurants. For the more adventurous, try your hand at windsurfing or kiteboarding, taking advantage of the strong Atlantic winds. With its charming medina and picturesque coastal scenery, Essaouira provides a refreshing break from the inland cities. Experience Moroccan Hospitality with a Homestay To truly immerse yourself in Moroccan culture, consider embarking on a homestay experience. Stay with a local family and get a glimpse into their daily lives, traditions, and authentic Moroccan hospitality. Whether you're in bustling cities or remote villages, a homestay offers a unique opportunity to connect with the locals, learn about their customs, and even participate in traditional activities like cooking traditional Moroccan dishes or practicing traditional arts and crafts. It's an excellent way to forge meaningful connections and create lasting memories. Embark on an Unforgettable 3-Day Tour with a Reputable Tour Operator. One of the best ways to experience the wonders of Morocco is by embarking on a 3-day tour organized by a trusted tour operator. These tours offer a well-crafted itinerary that covers some of the most iconic destinations in the country, ensuring you make the most of your time. A reputable tour operator will handle all the logistics, including transportation, accommodation, and guided tours, allowing one to sit back, relax, and fully indulge your soul in the experience. With a 3-day tour, you can embark on a whirlwind adventure, exploring the highlights of Morocco. From the bustling streets of Marrakech and the majestic Atlas Mountains to the charming coastal town of Essaouira and the Sahara Desert, these tours offer a diverse range of experiences. You can expect to visit historic landmarks, indulge in local cuisine, engage with the vibrant culture, and witness breathtaking landscapes. Whether you're a solo traveler, a couple, or a group of friends, a 3-day tour with a reputable tour operator is an efficient and hassle-free way to explore the best that Morocco has to offer. Opting For the Right Tour Operator for Your Moroccan Adventure While planning an adventure to Morocco, selecting the right tour operator is crucial for a smooth and enjoyable experience. Here are a few key considerations to make when choosing a tour operator: Reputation:  Look for tour operators with a solid reputation and positive reviews from past travelers. Check online platforms and travel forums, and seek recommendations from friends or travel agents. Itinerary: Review the itinerary offered by the tour operator to ensure it covers your desired destinations and activities. Be attentive toward the duration of each stop and the overall pace of the tour. Inclusions:  Check what has been included in the tour package, such as accommodation, transportation, meals, and guided tours. Make sure that the inclusions are in pair with your preferences and budget. Flexibility:  Don’t forget to consider if the tour operator provides any flexibility when it comes to customizing the itinerary or adding optional activities. Value for Money:  Compare prices and inclusions among different tour operators to determine the best value for your budget. By carefully selecting a reputable Tour operator that matches your preferences, you can embark on a stress-free and memorable Moroccan adventure, leaving you with unforgettable memories of this captivating country. Read Also: Tips To Help You Plan Your Holidays To Morocco How Safe Is Morocco For Travel In 2022? What Is The Best Time To Visit Morocco?