Best Cruises for Families: Vacationing with Kids! 

Feb 21, 2025

Last Updated on: Nov 24, 2025

Travel Blog

When I write this blog, I have already had an experience with some of these cruise ships! A combination of comfort and luxury, having kids with you might not be as relaxing as you thought it would be.  

So, what do we do? You need to plan destination inspirations along with creating a travel itinerary. Do you need to know about some of the exotic places to travel?  

This will ensure that each member of your family can enjoy themselves to the best of their ability. Each of these cruises gives you some of the best resources available!  

Best Cruises for Families: Vacationing with Kids  

Vacationing with kids can be difficult, especially when it comes to managing the kids. It is quite difficult to teach your kids to enjoy a certain event, especially if they need patience.   

However, if you are one of those parents who have taught their kids to read, and have patience to study, well here we are! I am going to make you a list of the best cruises for families! Making memories with parents, partners, and kids is something that not everyone can boast of.  

A lot of us might have lost one of our parents or might not have kids! So, if you are one of those lucky few, let me share with you these amazing cruises that create the perfect combination of entertainment, fun, growth, and love.  

1. Adventures by Disney  

Snaking across the river Rhine, the cruise will cover Switzerland, Germany, the Netherlands, and France. Can you imagine the collaboration between Adventures by Disney and Ama Waterways creating the perfect break for your family and kids?  

With giant chess boards, and a huge library well stocked with books and heated pools, it is the perfect trip to take your kids on their summer break. Additionally, these cruise companies make sure that you are safe and yet make memories for a lifetime.  

Apart from the Disney-trained guides, there are also parades organized! Furthermore, you will have family trivia nights, Karaoke sessions, and movie nights where you can bond better with your kids. Whether they are young or teenagers, they will enjoy it, I am sure.  

2. Uniworld  

Are you planning to take a cruise trip on one of the coolest rivers in the world? The Uniworld takes you on a seven-night trip across the Nile bringing together local language classes, desert-making sessions, family shore excursions, local cuisine, and exploring trails!  

The trip has further expanded to include Egypt in the itinerary. You will enjoy the 84-passenger cruise where there are 42 suites, with two dining venues and a top-deck swimming pool. What a perfect way to plan one of the February vacation ideas!  

Further, you can have movie nights and PlayStation game sessions with your kids when you are on this cruise. I would say, you must take a trip on this cruise once so that you can have the best time of your life. One of the best cruises for families, I would say.  

3. Abercrombie & Kent  

These cruise trips mostly start between June to November. If you are a wildlife enthusiast or your kids love animals, this is the cruise trip you can choose. Starting from marine iguanas, giant tortoises, and blue-footed boobies are some of the species you can check out.  

You will board the 20-passenger motor yacht with natural-themed lectures when reaching a specific port or a destination. There are plush cabins with rooms that are interconnected for families accommodating members, 5 to 8.  

You will be visiting these dramatic islands, beautiful and exotic together making memories of a lifetime:  

  • Rabida  
  • Fernandina  
  • Isabela  
  • Santa Cruz  
  • Genovesa  
  • San Cristobal  

4. Hurtigruten Expeditions (HX)  

If you are traveling as a family, you must take this mind-blowing trip with 500-passenger seating. The cruise is a hybrid battery-powered ship taking you to Antarctica, crossing the Drake Passage. After all, it is one of the best places to visit in February!  

You have to fly to Ushuaia to board the cruise! Your children will forever worship you once they get enrolled in the Young Explorer’s program. This way, various families can meet each other and make new friends, both adults and children.  

The cruise is five days with three restaurants that are cozy and aesthetic. Furthermore, it is quite cold around, so there are several warming nooks for reading and board games for you and your kids.  

With sparkling icebergs, an abundance of wildlife, and colossal glassier are a must when you visit the landscape of Antarctica! It is a must especially if you want to go on one of the best cruises for families.  

5. Norwegian Cruise Line  

If you are traveling with your family and you want to experience something casual, this cruise line is for you. It covers Santorini and Rhodes & Mykonos in its itinerary with no dress codes and flexible dining.  

If you are traveling with teens, this cruise is the perfect option, especially with the adrenaline-pumping attractions. The seating capability of the passengers is 3219 as you can go for a 10-story free fall dry slide!  

There are several virtual reality experiences that your teen can enjoy. You will also get dedicated play spaces for kids including Splash Academy, Entourage, and Guppies Open Play.   

When we talk about outdoor activities, you can check out the beautiful sparkling beaches! If you get down on the port of the Greek Isles, you must check out the Acropolis in Athens. I feel it is one of the best cruises for couples!  

6. Carnival Cruise Lines  

This cruise line is active year-round and easily is one of the best in the business. The play areas are all Dr. Seuss-themed along with family-friendly accommodations. Furthermore, the dining venues are all safe and comfortable for you and your children, making your vacation just perfect. 

The cruise started in 2023, with a set of 5362 passenger seats. It is one of the biggest cruises with a huge playground, the Carnival Cruise Lines has a roller coaster, BOLT which boasts of a track along with eye-popping high ropes, a splash park, waterslides, and mini golf.  

There is a large central pool and there is a Guy’s Burger Joint near it where you can see huge crowds during the daytime. Furthermore, there are babysitting services for single parents or parents who might want to spend some time alone.  

You will get spacious suites and family cabins with snacks, games, and leisure activities available at the family lounge! Come on, you have to accept it is one of the best cruises for families!  

7. Disney Cruise Line  

Departs from Port Canaveral, the cruise line sails towards the Caribbean and the Bahamas. The Disney Cruise Line hosts various festive voyages during holiday seasons such as “Halloween on the High Seas” and “Very Merrytime”.  

The festivities of Dia de los Muertos are the perfect background for families to spend time together. The dining experience is Coco-themed at the Plaza de Coco while there is an exclusive Disney the Tale of Moana stage show for you.  

Furthermore, you can also attend the musical performance of Beauty and the Beast. Plus, there is also the Marvel Super Hero Academy, both adults and kids will have some fun there. The food experience is also themed, the Marvel dining experience.   

You will also get to experience the floating magic carpet, on which impressive statues of Aladdin and Princess Jasmine! If you and your child love outdoor experiences, you can go snorkeling when visiting the tropical lagoon in the Bahamas. Simultaneously, you can attend the beach barbecues for food!  

8. Royal Caribbean International  

From Auckland to Alaska, Royal Caribbeans takes you everywhere! Some of the largest ships are owned by Royal Caribbean International, especially the 1198-long, Icon of the Seas runs on liquified natural gas (LNG).  

A perfect escape for your family, the Miami-based ship will take you to a private island in the Bahamas. The ship can carry about 5610 passengers, kids will love the grand settings, especially with the largest waterpark at sea.  

With six coiling slides, one of them the 282-foot Frightening Bolt, free fall flume and pressure drop, additional activities in the park. Imagine your child having the best of times when going on one of the best cruises for families!  

There is also a merry-go-round, zip line, aqua theater, escape room, and laser tag, just imagine how your kids will go haywire with these activities. Yes, there is some space for adults, a mini golf area, a sports court, rock climbing walls, and multiple pools.  

Furthermore, some of the best dining venues are available on this cruise ship! The rooms are cabins dedicated to each family. One of the biggest rooms is the Family Infinite Ocean View Balcony with 1772 square feet accommodating 8 people!  

Perfect Itinerary for Family Cruise…  

When you were young, going on a vacation with your family, did you ever dream of taking your family the same way? Or when you grew up, did you want to pamper your family to enjoy the luxuries on a cruise? I feel the above cruises are some of the best cruises for families!  

These cruises will make all those dreams and wishes come true! You can make reservations on any one of these cruises and give your parents, partner, and kids the best time of their life.  

Comment below on which one of the cruise trips you want to go on and why! You can share one of the cruise options too, if you think it is one of the best. 

Also read

Share on Social Media

Sagnika Sinha is a content writer who is passionate about writing travel vlogs, entertainment and celebrity articles and literature-based pieces. With a 4 years experience in teaching, she loves reading books. A procrastinator by nature, she loves travelling, listening to music, planting and gardening.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

title-img Related

READ MORE Credit Card Expiry And Renewal

How Credit Card Expiry And Renewal Processes Work

BY  Sibashree Feb 28, 2026

Today, I am going to talk about something really important - credit card expiry and renewal! We love our credit cards, don’t we? They are like these messiahs - especially during those travels! But have you ever noticed the expiry date printed on your Credit Cards and wondered what really happens when it ends? Many people assume that once the date passes, their credit account simply shuts down. But that’s not how it works. A Credit Card expiry is simply the end of your card’s validity period and not your credit account. Read through to understand why Credit Cards expire, what happens before they do, how the renewal process works, and what you should keep in mind as a cardholder, especially when you are traveling! Why Do Credit Cards Have Expiry Dates? Before talking about the credit card expiry and renewal process during your travel, let’s talk about what these cards have an expiry date! Credit Cards come with an expiry date for a few simple but important reasons. One major reason is security. By limiting how long a card stays valid, banks reduce the chances of long-term misuse or fraud. If card details are ever compromised, the expiry date adds an extra layer of protection. Another reason is technology. Payment systems keep improving, and banks regularly upgrade card chips, contactless features, and other security elements. Renewal gives them a chance to issue updated cards with better protection. The expiry date does not close your account, but you can continue managing your expenses, EMIs, or even use a Credit Card EMI calculator without any disruption. What Happens Before Your Credit Card Expires? Before your Credit Card reaches its expiry date, banks usually start the process quietly in the background. Most issuers send a notification via SMS or email around 30-60 days in advance, so you are informed in advance. At the same time, they review your account to ensure everything is in good standing. They typically check: Whether you have been actively using the card Your repayment history KYC compliance and updated contact details If you have a good repayment track record and no major policy violations, the renewal is usually approved automatically. However, if there are issues such as repeated missed payments or incomplete documentation, the bank may contact you. Credit Card Expiry And Renewal: How The Credit Card Renewal Process Works The renewal process is usually smooth and mostly handled by the bank itself. Here’s how it typically works: Step 1: Renewal Approval First, the bank checks your account - how you have been paying bills, how you have used the card, that sort of thing. If everything looks good, they go ahead and approve the renewal automatically. Step 2: Card Issuance Next, they print out a new card for you. It shows up with a fresh expiry date and CVV, and sometimes they even update the design. So, you might notice your card looks a little different this time. Step 3: Delivery After that, they send the new card to your registered address. Usually, it arrives before your old one stops working, so you’re not left hanging. Step 4: Activation Once you get the new card, you’ll need to activate it. You can do that through your mobile banking app, internet banking, at an ATM, or just by calling customer care. Don’t forget: after your old card’s expiry date, it won’t work anymore. Once you’ve activated the new one, make sure to destroy the old card so your info stays safe. What Happens To EMI, Auto-Pay & Subscriptions? When your card is renewed, your outstanding balance transfers automatically, and ongoing EMIs continue as usual. However, if the new card has a different number, you may need to update auto-debits and online subscriptions. Quick Tip: Update card details on OTT, shopping, and utility platforms to avoid payment failures. Credit Card Expiry And Renewal: What To Keep In Mind When Traveling? Running into an expired credit card when you’re thousands of miles from home isn’t just annoying - it can turn your whole trip upside down. No working card means no cash from ATMs, trouble booking hotels, and good luck if you run into an emergency. So, let’s make sure you don’t get stuck. Here’s what you need to do before and during your trip to keep your credit cards working. 1. Pre-Trip Checklist For Credit Card First, take a few minutes to go through your wallet before you head to the airport. This quick check can save you a whole lot of stress later. Here’s the game plan: Check the Expiration Date: Check every card for its expiration date. Don’t just glance - make sure each one will last through your entire trip, plus at least an extra month, just in case plans change. Request an Early Renewal: If you notice a card is set to expire during or right after your travels, get a new one now. Most banks let you order a replacement 30 to 60 days in advance. The "Rule of Two": Never count on just one card. Always carry at least two, and make sure they’re on different networks - say, one Visa and one Mastercard. And don’t keep them together. Toss one in your wallet and stash the backup in your hotel safe. One more thing: set up travel notifications. Yeah, it sounds simple, but it works. Just hop onto your bank’s app and plug in your travel dates and where you’re headed. That way, your bank doesn’t freak out and freeze your card the first time you swipe it at a café in a new country. Trust me when I say this - little planning here means you can actually enjoy your trip—without worrying about your money. 2. Managing An Expired Card While Abroad If your card gets declined overseas because it’s expired, don’t panic - you’ve got some ways out. Before your card runs out, add it to Apple Pay or Google Wallet. Most banks these days can give you a virtual card right away when you renew - complete with a fresh expiry date and CVV. So, basically, that means you can keep tapping your phone to pay, even if your new card’s still in the mail. If you need the physical card fast, banks like Chase or Wise can ship one overseas in a hurry. Sometimes you’ll get hit with courier fees, and customs can slow things down, but it’s an option. Totally stuck without cash? Visa and Mastercard have your back. They can set up an emergency cash pickup through local spots like Western Union, usually within a day or two. 3. Essential Security Tips For International Travelers Finally, when you are in a new place, security matters - big time. Here’s what you want to do: First, create a “digital shadow.” Take an encrypted snapshot of your card numbers and the international customer service number (it’s on the back of your card). If you ever lose your card, you’ll have what you need, no panic required. Next, turn on instant alerts. Get push notifications for every transaction. That way, if something weird pops up, you’ll know right away. And don’t mess around with public Wi-Fi when you’re logging into your bank or updating card info. Use a VPN, or just stick to your phone’s data. Public airports and hotel Wi-Fi just aren’t safe for your sensitive stuff. Credit Card Expiry And Renewal As A Traveler! In conclusion, knowing how your credit card expiry and renewal process really works saves you a lot of hassle. And honestly, it’s not complex - as long as you pay attention to the dates and don’t leave things to the last minute. Just keep your details up to date, activate your new card as soon as it arrives, and you’ll dodge those embarrassing declined payments and won’t miss any subscriptions or bills. It only takes a bit of effort to keep everything running smoothly. Your credit card’s basically your travel lifeline. So, check the expiry date now. That way, next time you’re packing for a trip, you’ll only need to plan your sightseeing, not worry about whether your card’s going to let you down.

READ MORE Tracking Every Dollar

Tracking Every Dollar: A Traveler’s Guide To Better Spending Habits

BY  Sibashree Jul 24, 2025

Ever come back from a trip, check your bank balance, and think, “Wait… where did all my money go?” Yeah, we’ve all been there. Traveling’s thrilling, sure, but it’s also sneaky—little costs pile up faster than you’d think. That overpriced airport snack?  The “cute” souvenir you didn’t need? It adds up. But here’s the thing: good budgeting isn’t about saying no to everything—it’s about being smart with your choices so you can actually enjoy yourself without the post-trip regret. So let’s talk about a few easy, real-life ways to track every dollar and build better spending habits while you’re off exploring. You can even use a spending tracker to keep the budget in check.  Start With A Clear Budget So That You Can Track Every Dollar While Traveling Honestly, the easiest way to keep travel spending under control? Plan before you even leave. Otherwise, it can quickly become expensive.  Set a total budget for the whole trip and then split it up—transportation, hotels, food, activities, and that “miscellaneous stuff” (because there’s always something). It’s also smart to include sneaky extras like tips, parking, or baggage fees. I like using a simple spreadsheet or an app for this. Doesn’t have to be fancy—just something you can check daily so you know where you stand.  When you see exactly how much you’ve got for each category, you make way fewer impulsive choices. Plus, you can spend guilt-free when you know it’s part of the plan. That little bit of prep before you leave? It’ll save you from a ton of “uh-oh” moments later. Track Every Dollar During The Trip Here’s the not-so-fun part: write down everything you spend. Yes, even the coffee. It feels like a pain at first, but it gives you a clear picture of what’s really happening with your money.  You don’t have to go old-school with pen and paper—budgeting apps are a lifesaver. They’ll let you log purchases, set limits, and even break down your spending by category so you can see exactly where it’s going. This habit makes you think twice before handing over cash (or swiping). You’ll start noticing patterns—like how quick snacks add up or how that “just one drink” at dinner somehow becomes three. And once you see it in real time, it’s way easier to adjust before things spiral. 1. Choose Affordable Accommodations Wisely Let’s be real: lodging eats up a huge chunk of any travel budget. But you don’t have to blow your cash to sleep somewhere decent.  Try looking at options beyond hotels—hostels, guesthouses, vacation rentals… even budget inns can surprise you. Just compare prices and always read recent reviews (you do not want bedbug drama on vacation). Also, book early when you can. Not only do you usually get better rates, but you also get more options. And don’t ignore the perks—free breakfast, a kitchen, maybe laundry or airport pickup—those little extras save money in the long run.  Sometimes staying slightly outside the city center can cut costs, but make sure you’re not spending that “saved” money on transportation. It’s all about finding that sweet spot between cost, convenience, and comfort. 2. Control Food Expenses Without Missing Out Food is one of the best parts of traveling… but it’s also where budgets go to die. My hack? Mix it up. Eat at restaurants for those “must-try” experiences, but grab at least one meal a day from a market, food stall, or grocery store. Not only is it cheaper, but you’ll get a more local vibe. Oh, and if your place offers free breakfast? Don’t skip it. If there’s a kitchen, maybe cook a meal or two—it’s kind of fun (and saves a chunk of cash). The point isn’t to skip good meals; it’s to save the sit-down restaurant splurges for when they really count. 3. Avoid Currency Conversion Surprises Traveling abroad? Exchange rates can sneak up on you. Don’t change all your cash at the airport—it’s usually the worst rate. Check if your card charges foreign transaction fees, too, because those tiny percentages add up faster than you think. Apps like XE or Revolut can help you track rates and even decide the best time to exchange. And while cards are convenient, always keep some local cash for markets or smaller places. Knowing exactly how much you’re spending in your own currency keeps you from going overboard without realizing it. 4. Stay Away From Impulse Purchases Souvenirs are tempting. Those random little trinkets? Cute… but do you really need them? Probably not. Before you buy something, pause and ask yourself: “Do I actually want this, or am I just in the moment?” Nine times out of ten, waiting a day makes you realize you didn’t really want it. These are impulsive buys we need to avoid! Setting a daily spending cap for fun stuff (shopping, treats, entertainment) works wonders. When you hit your limit, that’s it for the day. It’s not about never treating yourself—it’s about doing it with intention. And honestly, those thoughtful purchases end up being way more meaningful than the random impulse buys. Track Every Dollar While Traveling: It’s Not About Restriction But Avoiding Waste Travel should be about making memories, not stressing over your bank balance. When you track what you spend, you’re not restricting yourself—you’re giving yourself freedom. You know where your money’s going, you cut out the waste, and you get more out of your trip. Whether it’s a quick road trip or the big “dream vacation,” strong money habits make the whole experience smoother and way less stressful. Over time, this stuff becomes second nature… and trust me, your future self will thank you for it.

READ MORE maritime travel crew retention

Why Crew Retention Is Becoming a Critical Issue For Shipowners

BY  Sibashree Mar 10, 2026

Shipowners and maritime operators are increasingly facing a serious challenge that threatens operational stability and crew retention. Crew retention is similar to any form of employee retention. So, it means retaining the crew members or workers who have been working within the fleet for a long time.  Unfortunately, the turnover rates in the maritime industry have shot up suddenly. The factors that have prompted people to leave the profession entirely are: Long Contracts Time Away from Family Regulatory Pressures Competition from Shore-Based Roles  So, finding skilled maritime professionals was already a challenge in the expanding shipping industry. Now, it is a different HR concern to retain the crew members for longer.  Furthermore, crew retention is something of strategic importance because it has a direct impact on the following factors.  Vessel Performance Safety Operational Costs Long-Term Profitability Hi, in today’s blog, I will discuss why crew retention is such a challenging aspect in the maritime and cruising industries today. I will also discuss the ways to address it.  How Is Crew Retention Measured? You can measure the crew retention rate using the following metrics.  · Percentage of crew returning after contract completion · Average employment length with a company · Turnover rates across vessel fleets · Rehire rates for officers and senior crew When shipping companies ensure a strong retention rate, the workforce becomes stable.  Why Is Maritime Travel Crew Retention So Important? The maritime travel crew works in isolated environments. So, the following elements become important for safe operations.  Teamwork Trust Experience Also, you will make a mistake if you consider the vessel crew just as a group of employees. They are all part of a tightly coordinated team with the following responsibilities.  Navigation Cargo Safety Emergency Response Engineering Reliability So, crew retention becomes very crucial. Moreover, when the crew retention rate is higher, a maritime crew company can enjoy the following benefits.  1. Operational Consistency When a crew member is working in a crew company for a long time, they can understand the following aspects better.  Company Policies Safety Management Systems Operational Expectations Thus, they can eliminate or minimize mistakes and improve operational efficiency.  2. Stronger Safety Culture Returning seafarers are more familiar with emergency procedures and risk management practices. 3. Faster Vessel Turnaround Times An experienced crew can handle port operations and cargo management more efficiently. 4. Improved Morale Onboard Crew members who have been working together for a long time will trust each other better. Thus, their efficiency will be higher in managing under-pressure or bottleneck situations.  Moreover, if the retention rate of your company is higher, you will have a stronger reputation among seafarers. As a result, it will be easier for you to attract highly-skilled candidates.  Efficient shipping operations are essential for global trade networks.  For example, complex international cargo routes such as those discussed in this guide to container shipment in Hawaii demonstrate how maritime logistics relies heavily on skilled professionals who can operate vessels safely and efficiently across long distances. Rising Crew Turnover In The Maritime Industry Over the past decade, several trends have contributed to rising turnover rates among seafarers. 1. Changing Workforce Expectations Younger generations who want to work in the maritime travel industry have different expectations from their jobs.  Unlike the previous generations, they look for: Work-Life Balance Career Progression Mental Wellbeing Hence, they will not sign for anything related to working for extended periods.  2. Increased Competition For Talent Many seafarers, especially those who struggle to deal with the extended working hours of a maritime crew, often get into land-based maritime roles.  Their roles include: Port Operations Ship Management Marine Surveying Logistics Coordination. Moreover, these roles often offer more predictable schedules and family stability. As a result, experienced officers and engineers are frequently leaving vessels earlier in their careers. 3. Regulatory And Operational Pressures According to the International Maritime Organization’s seafarer welfare resources, improving working conditions and supporting seafarer wellbeing has become a priority across the global maritime sector. So, the regulatory frameworks for modern vessel operations are very crucial. Furthermore, these frameworks ensure safety, environmental compliance, and operational reporting.  Now, following the compliance is also a lot of work for the crew members. Often, the fatigue of following the compliance surpasses the actual reason for safety and sustainability. The True Cost Of Poor Crew Retention For Shipowners High crew turnover can create significant operational and financial challenges for shipowners. 1. Recruitment Costs When the turnover rate is high, you will have to hire new crew frequently. Now, hiring crew members involves the following costs.  Agency Fees Recruitment Processes Background Checks Administrative Onboarding So, all these costs shoot up when a maritime travel company has to hire its crew members frequently due to a poor retention rate. 2. Training And Familiarisation Every new team member will need training in the following areas.  Vessel Systems Company Safety Procedures Operational Workflows Moreover, when a crew member is learning these things, the productivity will be lower. Also, as they are not familiar with the entire scenario, the chances of mistakes will be higher.  3. Disruption To Team Dynamics A vessel crew operates as a tightly coordinated unit. High turnover can disrupt teamwork, communication, and operational rhythm. Moreover, stable crews often develop efficient routines and strong professional relationships. Constant personnel changes can undermine this cohesion. 4. Increased Safety Risks Inexperienced or unfamiliar crew members may take longer to respond to emergencies or unusual situations. So, this can increase the likelihood of operational incidents. Moreover, organisations such as the International Transport Workers’ Federation Seafarers’ Section have highlighted the importance of stable crews for maintaining high safety standards across the global shipping industry. Maritime Travel Crew Retention: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about the maritime travel crew retention. 1. How Does Crew Retention Affect Shipowners’ Costs? Crew retention directly impacts the operational expenses. If your crew members are staying with you for longer, you will have to spend less money on recruitment, onboarding, and training. Furthermore, a stable crew ensures better operational efficiency.  2. Can Technology Improve Maritime Crew Retention? Yes, you can use technology to improve maritime crew retention. The use of technology can alleviate administrative workloads, improve communication with families, and offer better onboard connectivity. Furthermore, you can take help from crew management platforms so that shipping companies can track training, performance, and career development opportunities. Overall, when you use these tools, the crew members feel more connected to the employer.  3. Is Crew Retention Linked To Vessel Safety And Performance? Absolutely. Experienced crews who have worked together before are generally more effective during routine operations and emergencies. Moreover, they understand vessel systems, safety procedures, and company protocols. Also, high retention leads to stronger teamwork, faster decision-making, and improved safety outcomes across the fleet.