Wander to Beautiful Locales on the Best Caribbean Cruises! 

BY  Sibashree Jan 28, 2026

Malacca gave me pieces of history, an insane fusion of cultures and cuisine that I can still remember now, and plenty of tourist attractions with meaning behind them.  There are many similarities between Georgetown, Penang, and Malacca – I hear that line all the time – but Malacca has a quieter atmosphere that you can feel when you walk through the streets. For starters, Georgetown and Malacca are both UNESCO World Heritage sites. You have no excuse not to visit either of these cities.  Malacca is located right between Singapore and KL, and it’s also a convenient spot to visit if you’re going to be in the area. Alright, no excuses. Need to visit Malacca in a day? Yes, you can definitely visit it on a day trip if you’re coming from Kuala Lumpur. I’ve also compiled a list of things to do in Malacca! How To Reach Malacca? Malacca can be found on the southeastern coast of Malaysia. The city lies nearly midway between Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, though it is slightly nearer to KL.  Buses to Malacca operate from Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, in addition to routes from Penang. You can also catch buses directly from KL Airport if you prefer not to spend time traveling there.  As I stated, taking a day trip from KL to Malacca is quite simple. How To Get Around Malacca? Although walking was my favored way to navigate Malacca, there are other alternatives available.  You can effortlessly arrange light-up rickshaws, taxis, and Grab ride shares to navigate the city.  If you’re coming to Malacca by bus, check if your hotel offers a free shuttle, as mine does.  If not, since Malaka Sentral is 3km away from Jonker Street, you'll have to use a taxi or take the local bus. Where To Stay In Malacca? Determining accommodation in Malacca should be straightforward if you concentrate on Chinatown.  There is no shortage of budget accommodations in Malacca, and I happily recommend Hotel Hong.  Simple and affordable, the employees were pleasant, and it was located in a fascinating neighborhood near the community mosque.  It contributed to making my time in Malacca a pleasant experience. What Are The Unique Things To Do In Malacca? Malacca's diverse cultures have influenced its captivating history, food, and architecture.  There are numerous activities in Malacca that allow you to discover these aspects of the city even more. View these eight as your foundation. 1. Exploring The Dutch Square Dutch Square is likely the ideal location to begin a visit to Malacca as it lies at the heart of the city's historic center.  Situated by the city's riverbank, this square is visually striking and carries historical importance.  At the center of Dutch Square lies a lively garden and fountain that are pleasant, but the stunning Dutch colonial buildings surrounding this square are the true highlight.  Painted uniformly in an earthy red hue, it's improbable you ever envisioned Malaysia resembling this.  However, Malaysia has many reminders of its colonial history, just like Malacca. This assortment of reminders truly possesses an impressive appearance. The primary attractions of Dutch Square include the Stadthuys, Christ Church Melaka, and the Malacca Clock Tower.  All were constructed in the 17th century by Dutch settlers, thus the square's name.  The Stadthuys, previously the home of the Governor, now contains an ethnographic museum. 2. Climbing To St. Paul’s Church As you ascend the side of the Stadthuys, you ought to notice a tiny staircase leading up the hill a little.  As you progress along this path, you’ll make your way to the summit of the hill and the atmospheric remains of St Paul’s Church.  The remnants of this roofless church hold a prominent position atop St Paul’s Hill, offering views across much of Malacca.  It's not a very challenging hike, and the church serves as a natural pause along the Malacca sights trail. Originally constructed by the Portuguese in the 1500s, it was harmed, restored, and renamed by the Dutch when they seized Malacca in the 1600s.  For more than a hundred years, the church has remained in decay, its stained walls serving as a testament to Malacca's intricate history. Additional reminders can be discovered by taking the northern route down from St Paul’s Hill, where you will come across several tombstones and the Dutch Graveyard. 3. Exploring A Famosa Before the Dutch came, Malacca was a fortified settlement of the Portuguese known as A Famosa. Numerous walls and fortifications from A Famosa were destroyed during the Dutch conquest, but Portuguese traces remain in several sites. Among the defenses, only the Porta de Santiago gate is still preserved. Capturing a picture here is undoubtedly one of the most popular pastimes in Malacca. 4. Taking A Tour Of The Melaka Sultanate Palace Museum Let’s not forget that before European settlers showed up, people were already living here.  The Malacca Sultanate ruled this area for over a century before the Portuguese ever set foot on these shores. When the Portuguese landed in the early 1500s, they didn’t waste any time. They tore down the sultan’s palace and put up St Paul’s Church right where it stood. Now, if you walk around Malacca, you’ll come across what looks like a real Sultanate Palace. Here’s the thing: it’s not the original.  The Melaka Sultanate Palace you see today is a detailed reconstruction from the 1980s. The reconstruction work took the old records as a guide.  Inside, there’s a museum that really dives into the culture and history of the city. Stroll through the gardens or check out the museum’s exhibits—you’ll see plenty about local traditions, clothing, legends, and more.  Honestly, it’s one of the most interesting spots to visit if you want to get a real feel for Malacca’s past. 5. Seeing The Melaka Riverfront Although there are more famous attractions in Malacca, the river undeniably stands as the city's primary landmark.  Winding through the larger city before dividing the Old Town from the colonial areas, the Melaka River is difficult to overlook.  When Malacca was a prominent port city, the river played a role in its prosperity. Nowadays, it fulfills its role by providing guests with river cruises and beautiful views. 6. Eating At Jonker Street Undoubtedly, no street in Malacca is more renowned than Jonker Street.  While it often appears to be just a primary road in the Old Town, the atmosphere shifts significantly on Friday and Saturday nights.  You see, that’s when the renowned Jonker Street night market takes place, and the street transforms into a crowd of people and food vendors.  Naturally, with my luck, I ended up overlooking this important attraction entirely by visiting at the wrong point in the week.  The Jonker Street night market is an excellent spot to sample traditional local Nyonya dishes along with innovative new foods.  To get a sense of what’s available, try the food here.  7. Wandering Through Old Chinatown However, the Old Town of Malacca offers much more than merely Jonker Street. Venture in any direction from this point and you'll quickly discover tighter streets, where each home exudes unique charm.  Half Chinatown and half Old Town, this district reveals another aspect of Malacca’s cultural blend.  Most impressively, distanced from the hustle of other areas in Malacca, strolling through this more tranquil section of the city allows you to absorb all the intricacies.  Although many of these historic residences feature weathered exteriors, several are completely deserted.  But isn’t that character, though? In any case, the softer atmosphere here is evident, with individuals simply going about their daily routines and extending a cheerful wave.  Malaysia can be chaotic and noisy at times, making my walks here distinctly memorable.  8. Visiting The Cheng Hoon Teng Temple Walk around the streets of Malacca’s Chinatown, and you’ll spot plenty of temples—no surprise there.  But it’s not just Chinese temples lining the streets. You’ll also find mosques and Hindu temples mixed in, which gives the area this cool, unexpected blend. In Malacca, Cheng Hoon Teng Temple stands out above the rest.  It sits right across from another temple, Xiang Lin Si, but Cheng Hoon Teng is the one with the real history behind it. They built it back in the mid-1600s, which actually makes it the oldest Chinese temple in Malaysia. When you look at all the intricate details, the carvings, and the roof ornaments, it’s wild to think how well everything’s held up after all these years. Cheng Hoon Teng does not belong to just one religion.  Inside, you’ll find people practicing Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism, all under one roof. That kind of mix is rare, and it gives the temple a unique energy you don’t see everywhere. Other Places You Can Add To Your Itinerary In Malacca Although I’ve mentioned the most remarkable and significant activities to engage in Malacca, they aren't the sole options.  Malacca hosts numerous other cultural sites, featuring a variety of museums. However, it also features a playful aspect, ranging from its Upside Down House to the Taming Sari Tower to the Oceanarium.  Generally, you will primarily remain in locations close to Chinatown or Dutch Square. Read Also: Luang Prabang Temple Guide: What Are The Top Buddhist Temples To Visit In Laos? 5 Top Bangkok Attractions to Add to Your Itinerary 5 Best Temples To Visit In Bangkok

BY  Ankita Mar 23, 2024

Imagine strolling through streets lined with historic sites, exploring contemporary art in bustling galleries, unwinding in grandiose homes turned into museums, or sipping coffee in quaint little nooks. Yes, THAT is Savannah for you! A city where the old and the new blend together, like honey, Savannah's diverse offerings range from serene gardens to lively beaches. It ensures every moment is packed with potential. But what are the things to do in Savannah, GA? If that is something that you are interested to know, I have you covered! In this guide, I'll talk about Savannah's top experiences and provide tips to craft your ideal visit. Ready to explore? Keep on reading this blog till the end to learn it all… Best Things to Do in Savannah, GA in 2024! Savannah is a hidden gem. There is absolutely no doubt about that! But did you know that the gorgeous city of Savannah is rated number 18 TripAdvisors’ Travelers’ Choice Best of the Best Destinations for 2024? Yes, you heard that right! That is exactly why it would be best if you booked a flight to explore the southern charms of the city. Here is a list of the things to do in Savannah, GA that should be on your bucket list: 1. Explore the Historic District The first thing to do in Savannah, GA is to take a walk through the old parts of the town. It's a big area with lots of old and important buildings. You'll see different styles of houses and other cool things like squares with fountains and statues. There are some really special places you should see. For instance, the big church called the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, the Mercer Williams House, and a few others that are famous in Savannah. You can check out this area by walking, riding a bike, taking a trolley, going on a carriage ride, or joining a tour group. It's a fun way to see a lot of neat stuff in Savannah. 2. Stroll Along River Street Secondly, another must-do thing in Savannah, GA is to stroll along River Street, which is a lively waterfront promenade that runs along the Savannah River. This place is lined with some of the most popular restaurants, bars, galleries, and hotels that serve the convenience of the visitors. But that is not all! One of the best things about River Street is that this place offers a great view of the river and the ships that pass by. So, when you are here, you can enjoy the local cuisine, browse the souvenirs, watch the street performers, and listen to live music. Additionally, you can join the festivities during the annual events, such as the St. Patrick's Day Parade, the Fourth of July Fireworks, the Oktoberfest, and the Christmas on the River. River Street is also a great place to catch a ferry, a riverboat cruise, or a dolphin tour. 3. Visit the Forsyth Park Thirdly, if you are looking for a relaxing and scenic spot in Savannah, you should visit Forsyth Park. It is a 30-acre park in the heart of the city. Famous for its iconic fountain that literally takes the breath away, this park was built in the year 1818. Visitors often gawk at the beauty of this place which resembles the one in Paris's Place de la Concorde. And you know what? There is everything that you need at a park here! It features a fragrant garden, a children's playground, a lovely cafe, and a visitor center. Additionally, a large open space for picnics, sports, and concerts also adds to the charm of the park! Pro Tip: Do not forget to enjoy the seasonal events that take place in the park. These include the Forsyth Farmers' Market, the Savannah Jazz Festival, the Picnic in the Park, and the Sidewalk Arts Festival. 4. Discover the Bonaventure Cemetery Fourthly, the bucket list for the best things to do in Savannah, GA will be incomplete without this one! If you are interested in the history and culture of Savannah, you should visit the Bonaventure Cemetery, which is a 100-acre cemetery that dates back to 1846. Bonaventure Cemetery is not only a resting place for some of Savannah's most notable citizens, such as Johnny Mercer, Conrad Aiken, and James Oglethorpe. Additionally, it is also a stunning example of the Southern Gothic style, with its elaborate tombstones, statues, mausoleums, and live oaks draped with Spanish moss. You can also find the grave of the "Bird Girl." It is the statue featured on the cover of the best-selling book "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil". You can explore the cemetery on your own or join a guided tour. 5. Enjoy the City Market Are you looking for a fun and lively place in Savannah? Well then, you should enjoy the City Market. It is a four-block area that has been the social and commercial hub of the city since the 18th century. The City Market is home to a variety of shops, restaurants, bars, galleries, and studios, where you can find everything from local arts and crafts to gourmet food and drinks. You can also enjoy the entertainment options, such as live music, comedy shows, karaoke, and trivia nights. The City Market is also a great place to experience Savannah's nightlife, as it hosts many events and parties throughout the year. 6. See the Wormsloe Historic Site Suppose you want to see one of Savannah's most picturesque and historic sites. In that case, you should see the Wormsloe Historic Site, which is a former plantation that was established by Noble Jones, one of the first settlers of Georgia, in 1736. The Wormsloe Historic Site is famous for its majestic avenue of live oaks that leads to the ruins of the colonial estate, where you can see the tabby walls, the museum, and the interpretive center. You can also explore the site's nature trails, marshes, gardens, and wildlife. You can visit the Wormsloe Historic Site on your own or join a guided tour. 7. Experience the Savannah College of Art and Design Are you a fan of art and design? In that case, you should experience the Savannah College of Art and Design, a prestigious private university that has campuses in Atlanta, Savannah, Hong Kong, and France.   The Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) offers more than 40 majors and 60 minors in various fields of art and design. For instance, some of them are architecture, animation, fashion, film, graphic design, photography, and more. You can visit the SCAD Museum of Art, which showcases the works of contemporary artists and designers and the historic buildings that house the SCAD classrooms, studios, and galleries. You can also attend some of SCAD's events and exhibitions, such as the SCAD Fashion Show, the SCAD Film Festival, the SCAD Sidewalk Arts Festival, and the SCAD deFINE ART. 8. Relax at the Tybee Island If you are looking for a beach getaway near Savannah, you should relax at Tybee Island, a barrier island located 18 miles east of the city. Tybee Island is a popular destination for locals and tourists alike. They come to enjoy the sandy beaches, the warm waters, the fresh seafood, and the laid-back atmosphere. You can also visit some of the attractions on the island. For example, firstly visit the Tybee Island Light Station, which is the oldest and tallest lighthouse in Georgia. Secondly, you can visit the Tybee Island Marine Science Center. It offers educational programs and exhibits on the local marine life. Lastly, you Fort Pulaski National Monument, which is a historic fort that played a role in the Civil War. You can also join some of the activities on the island, such as kayaking, fishing, surfing, biking, or birdwatching. 9. Learn at the Georgia State Railroad Museum Are you someone who is interested in things related to history? Well, in that case, you should learn at the Georgia State Railroad Museum. Visiting this is one of the best things to do in Savannah, GA. This a museum located in the former Central of Georgia Railway Savannah Shops and Terminal Facilities.   The Georgia State Railroad Museum is a National Historic Landmark and features the country's largest collection of historic railroad buildings. You can see the locomotives, cars, and machinery that were used in the railroad industry, as well as the workshops, offices, and roundhouses that were part of the complex. Additionally, you can ride on a steam or diesel train, operate a handcar, and learn about the railroad's history and operation. You can visit the museum on your own or join a guided tour. 10. Taste the Savannah Bee Company Suppose you are a fan of honey and bees. In that case, you should taste the Savannah Bee Company, which was founded in 2002 by Ted Dennard, a passionate beekeeper and honey enthusiast. The Savannah Bee Company produces and sells various honey products, such as raw honey, whipped honey, honeycomb, honey straws, honey butter, honey soap, honey lotion, and more. You can visit the Savannah Bee Company stores in various locations in Savannah, sample the flavors and varieties of honey, and learn about the benefits and uses of honey and beeswax. You can also join some of the events and workshops the Savannah Bee Company offers, such as the Honey Tasting Experience, the Mead Tasting, the Bee Garden Tour, and the Beekeeping 101. 11. Watch the Savannah Theatre If you are looking for a cultural and entertaining experience in Savannah, you should watch the Savannah Theatre. It is a historic theater that was built in 1818 and is the oldest continually operating theater in the United States. The Savannah Theatre has hosted many famous performers and shows, such as Oscar Wilde, W.C. Fields, Lillian Russell, and Porgy and Bess. Today, the Savannah Theatre presents a variety of musicals, comedies, and concerts, featuring talented local and regional artists. 12. Shop at the Broughton Street Looking for a shopping spree in Savannah? You should shop at Broughton Street, the city's main shopping street. Broughton Street offers a mix of local and national stores, ranging from clothing and accessories to books and antiques. You can find some of the most popular brands, such as Banana Republic, J.Crew, Urban Outfitters, and Anthropologie, as well as some of the most unique boutiques, such as The Paris Market, The Salt Table, and The Book Lady. Moreover, you can also enjoy the cafes, bakeries, and restaurants that line the street, such as Leopold's Ice Cream, The Coffee Fox, and The Collins Quarter. 13. Tour the Old Fort Jackson You should tour Old Fort Jackson if you want to learn more about Savannah's military history. It is a historic fort that was built in 1808. At present, it is the oldest brick fort standing in Georgia. The Old Fort Jackson played a role in the War that took place in 1812, the Civil War, and the Spanish-American War, and was used as a training camp during World War I and World War II. You can see the original cannons, barracks, and ramparts, as well as the exhibits and displays that tell the story of the fort and its soldiers. You can also watch the daily cannon firings, musket demonstrations, and flag ceremonies and participate in some of the fort's interactive programs and events. 14. Admire the Telfair Museums If you love art and culture, you should admire the Telfair Museums, a trio of museums that showcase the art and history of Savannah and the world. The Telfair Museums consist of the Telfair Academy, the Jepson Center, and the Owens-Thomas House and Slave Quarters. The Telfair Academy is a historic mansion that was built in 1819 and houses a collection of 19th and 20th-century American and European art, including works by Mary Cassatt, Frederic Remington, and Childe Hassam. The Jepson Center is a modern building that opened in 2006 and features a collection of contemporary art, including works by Jasper Johns, Roy Lichtenstein, and Nick Cave. The Owens-Thomas House and Slave Quarters is a historic house built in 1816 and a National Historic Landmark showing the life and legacy of the wealthy and enslaved residents of the antebellum South. You can visit the Telfair Museums on your own or join a guided tour. 15. Eat at the Mrs. Wilkes Dining Room Wondering where to get the best taste of the Southern cuisine in Savannah? Look no further and head over to the Mrs. Wilkes Dining Room. This one is a legendary restaurant that was established in 1943 by Sema Wilkes. She is a self-taught cook who opened her boarding house to the public. The Mrs. Wilkes Dining Room serves a family-style lunch Monday to Friday, featuring dishes like fried chicken, meatloaf, macaroni and cheese, collard greens, black-eyed peas, cornbread, and peach cobbler.   You can enjoy the food in a communal setting, sharing a table with other guests and passing the platters around. Additionally, you can also buy some of the cookbooks and souvenirs that the restaurant sells. 16. Visit the Pin Point Heritage Museum The next thing to do in Savannah, GA is to visit the famous Pin PointMuseum. If you want to discover the African American culture and heritage of Savannah, this is the place to go. It is a museum that is in the previous A.S. Varn & Son Oyster and Crab Factory. The museum tells the story of the Pin Point community. The community was founded in the 1890s by the descendants of freed slaves who worked in the seafood industry. You can see the original equipment, tools, and products used in the factory. You can also see the exhibits and videos depicting the history and traditions of the Pin Point people. Additionally, you can meet some of the former workers and residents of the community, who share their stories and experiences. 17. Play at the Savannah Children's Museum Traveling with kids in Savannah? Then you should play at the Savannah Children's Museum. It is a museum that is located in the old Central of Georgia Railway Carpentry Shop. The Savannah Children's Museum is a fun and educational place for children of all ages. It features a variety of indoor and outdoor exhibits and activities that encourage learning through play. You can explore the sensory garden, the maze, the climbing wall, the art studio, the water play area, the reading nook, and more. You can also join some of the programs and events the museum offers. For instance the Toddler Tuesdays, the STEAM Studio, the Story Time, and the Family Free Day. 18. Drink at the Moon River Brewing Company If you are looking for a refreshing and exciting drink in Savannah, you should drink at the Moon River Brewing Company, a brewery and pub founded in 1999 and located in the former City Hotel. The Moon River Brewing Company produces and serves a variety of beers, such as the Swamp Fox IPA, the Slow-vannah Pale Ale, the Dixie Kristal Tripel, and the Captain's Porter. You can also enjoy the food menu, which features pub classics, such as burgers, wings, nachos, and salads. Furthermore, you can experience the haunted side of the brewery. It is said to be one of the most haunted places in Savannah. You can join some of the ghost tours and investigations that the brewery hosts. 19. Walk the Savannah Botanical Gardens If you are looking for a peaceful and beautiful place in Savannah, walk the Savannah Botanical Gardens, a 10-acre garden on the city's south side. The Savannah Botanical Gardens are open to the public and free of charge. It features a variety of plants, flowers, trees, and shrubs, as well as a pond, a waterfall, a rose garden, a camellia garden, a fern garden, a herb garden, and a children's garden. You can also see the Reinhard House. It is a historic farmhouse built in 1840 and furnished with antiques and artifacts. You can visit the Savannah Botanical Gardens on your own or join a guided tour. 20. Learn at the Savannah History Museum In case you want to learn about the history of Savannah, you should visit the Savannah History Museum, which is located in the former Central of Georgia Railway Passenger Station. The Savannah History Museum showcases the history of Savannah from 1733 to the present, featuring more than 10,000 artifacts, documents, and photographs, as well as interactive exhibits and displays. You can see some of the highlights of the museum, such as the bench from the movie "Forrest Gump," the uniform of General Casimir Pulaski, the carriage of Girl Scouts founder Juliette Gordon Low, and the locomotive of the Central of Georgia Railway. Additionally, you can watch the film "Savannah the Survivor." It narrates the story of the city's survival through wars, fires, and epidemics. 21. Eat at the Olde Pink House If you tried to search for the best things to do in Savannah, GA on the internet, you must have come across blogs talking about the Olde Pink House! When it comes to a fine dining experience in Savannah, you should eat at the Olde Pink House, a historic mansion built in 1771 and one of the city's oldest buildings. The Olde Pink House is a restaurant that serves traditional Southern cuisine with a contemporary twist. It features dishes such as shrimp and grits, fried green tomatoes, she crab soup, and pecan-crusted chicken. You can enjoy the food in one of the elegant and cozy dining rooms, each with its own fireplace and decor, or in the basement tavern, which offers live music and a casual atmosphere. You can also enjoy the haunted side of the restaurant. Most people say that the ghost of James Habersham Jr., the house's original owner, haunts the house. 22. Relax at the Skidaway Island State Park If you are looking for a natural and serene place near Savannah, relax at the Skidaway Island State Park, which is on Skidaway Island 15 miles southeast of the city. Skidaway Island State Park is a 588-acre park that offers a variety of outdoor activities and amenities, such as hiking, biking, camping, picnicking, fishing, boating, and birdwatching. You can also visit some of the attractions in the park, such as the observation tower, the interpretive center, the nature trails, and the boardwalk. You can also see some wildlife inhabiting the park, such as deer, raccoons, alligators, and egrets. 23. Eat at the Zunzi's There is no trip that is complete without good food! If you want to have a unique and delicious food experience in Savannah, you should eat at the Zunzi's. It is a restaurant that was founded in 2005 by Johnny and Gabriella Debeer, who are from South Africa and Switzerland, respectively. Zunzi's serves a fusion of African, European, and American cuisine, featuring sandwiches, salads, wraps, bowls, and sauces made with fresh and local ingredients. You can try some of the signature dishes, such as the Godfather, the Conquistador, the Oliver's Lunch, and the Shit Yeah Sauce.   You can also enjoy the friendly and casual atmosphere of the restaurant, which has a takeout window and a rooftop deck. 24. Drink at the Ghost Coast Distillery And lastly, if you are looking for a craft and spirits experience in Savannah, you must drink at the Ghost Coast Distillery. It is a distillery that was founded in 2017 and is the first distillery in Savannah since the prohibition. The Ghost Coast Distillery produces and sells a variety of spirits, such as vodka, whiskey, bourbon, gin, and rum, using local and organic ingredients. You can visit the distillery and take a tour of the production facility, where you can see the stills, the barrels, and the bottling line, as well as learn about the history and process of distilling. You can also visit the tasting room, where you can sample the spirits and cocktails, as well as buy some of the merchandise and souvenirs. Wrapping it Up! I hope that you found this blog on all the things to do in Savannah helpful. This is a wonderful city that offers a lot of attractions and activities for all kinds of travelers. Whether you are into history, culture, nature, or entertainment, you will find something to suit your taste and interest in Savannah. So, what are you waiting for? Book your trip to Savannah today and discover the charm and beauty of this Southern gem. And yes, don’t forget to have a great time! Read Also: 15 Unexpected Things To See And Do In Georgia A Guide To National Parks In Georgia – Latest Guide 7 Fun Things To Do In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park

BY  Sibashree Sep 11, 2024

Kobuk Valley National Park is surreal! Have you ever thought to meet sand dunes in the Arctic Circle? The unique geology of the park makes it possible. That’s not all! The Great Kobuk sand dunes stand here, along with the remains of the North American continental glaciers.  Three of the sand dunes in this national park are active or alive. The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Hunt River Dunes, and Little Kobuk Sand Dunes here cover a mesmerizing 20,000 acres of area in the park.   Today, hiking through these dunes is one of the most popular activities in the Kobuk Valley National Park.   While it is visually unusual or unexpected to see sand dunes in an Arctic National Park, you also need to understand that the Arctic region gets very little rainfall every year. So, this is also a desert region.   “Sand dunes in the Arctic landscape are not what you would expect. Since most people associate sand dunes with a hot desert environment, it is a visually unusual thing to see. In fact, what most people don't realize is that the Arctic is also a desert with very low levels of rainfall.”   - Christian, a Kobuk Valley National Park Worker  Having said that, how the sand dunes came to be here, and the experience of exploring them will be a great thing to discuss in this article.   This Is How The Kobuk Valley National Park Became The Land Of Sand Dunes   https://www.instagram.com/p/BWatGdVFuis/ Much of Alaska, including the Kobuk Valley National Park, falls in the Tundra region. Tundra, the coldest of the biomes, gets only around 150 to 250 mm of rainfall and snowfall yearly1. So, the national park has less rainfall than some of the most well-known deserts in the world.   Further, the sand dunes in the Kobuk Valley are as old as the Ice Age. Now, as the mighty glaciers moved forward and made a retreat, the rocks beneath got ground. Now, the blowing wind transported the sand into the empty and ice-free Kobuk Valley. The sand dunes in the park are up to 150 feet high, and they are the biggest, high-altitude, and most importantly, “active sand fields”  in the earth.   In The Land Of The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes  https://www.instagram.com/p/BgmZYDdAA_r/ Are you in the Sahara? No, you are around 35 miles above the Arctic Circle and still find the largest active sand dune field in the world. Today, it is a popular backpacking, hiking, and camping destination in the National Park. You must attend the Northwest Arctic Heritage Center to learn more about the outdoor pursuits in the land of sand dunes.  Let’s quickly look at why the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is a preferred destination for camping, hiking, and backpacking.  The sand is steady enough for the landing of an aircraft with wheels.  You can put up your tent on any level surface.  Also, you can hike in any direction.  Further, you can board a float plane and reach the Kobuk River. From there, you can take a backpacking tour for around two miles and reach the dunes.  You must visit the Kotzebue Visitor Center if you have plans to take this backpacking journey to and from the Kobuk River.   There is no marked route for hiking.  In summer, the temperature in the sand dunes can reach up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Also, fall is the season to see caribou migration here.   However, there’s more to it! Let’s learn about the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes as relics of the Ice Age and how life thrived here.   Great Kobuk Sand Dunes: The Relics Of The Ice Age   https://www.instagram.com/p/BYwfdMYlr-0/ To know about the formation of the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, we must go back to the Ice Age. Around 28000 years ago, glaciers in the mountains formed. I have already discussed how the glaciers ground the rocks and wind deposited them in the Kobuk Valley.   Further, approximately 14000 years ago, the glaciers made a massive retreat. As a result, there were 200,000 acres of sandy land formation on the river banks. Complex holocene activities and geomorphic preservations keep the sand dune field at the Kobuk Valley National Park active or alive. Along with the Kobuk Valley, small lakes in the park have also accumulated sand over thousands of years.   However, most of the landscape today is occupied by the vegetation of the national park, and the sand dune area consists of only 20,000 acres. The vegetation found here consists of the following varieties.  Wild rye  Grasses  Sedges  Kobuk locoweed  Wildflowers blooming occasionally  These species grow on the shifting sand, and they function as stabilizing agents. You can see shrubs, lichens, mosses, and algae following this vegetation. Finally, there are spruce, birch, and aspen trees covering the landscape.    The slopes of the Kobuk Valley sand dunes are the only place where Kobuk locoweeds grow. These plants belong to the pea family, and they are known for their purple flowers. If you want to see these flowers, you must visit the park in late June and July.   The inland dune field of Kobuk Valley National Park is surrounded by boreal forest.   Humans And Wildlife In The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes  https://www.instagram.com/p/Cv0EhpdLsJ5/ It’s amazing to see the Western Arctic Caribou walking through the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes. Fall and spring are the migration seasons for these animals. The north of Brook Range is the caribou herd’s calving ground, and they migrate to and from this place.   As the caribou herds pass through the sand dunes, their footprints remain in the ground for the longest time. According to National Park Service data, around 250,000 caribou pass through this national park annually.   No wonder that the Kobuk Valley National Park is one of the “last great migrations” remaining in the world. The table below gives you a brief idea about the animals and birds in the sand dunes.  Birds Sharp-shinned Hawk Golden Eagle Bald Eagle American Wigeon Northern Pintail Rough-legged Hawk Marsh Hawk Mammals Caribou Wolverine Muskox Snowshoe Hare Moose Gray Wolf Grizzly Bear Beaver Arctic Fox American Pine Marten Amphibians Wood Frog Fish Longnose Sucker Salmon* Northern Pike Alaska Blackfish Alaska Whitefish Humpback Whitefish Alaskan Stickleback Ninespine Stickleback  Human history in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is at least 8000 years old. They lived by the Kobuk River and were mainly focused on fishing, hunting, and trapping for survival. It is fascinating to visit the thousand-year-old hunting camps on the edges of the sand dunes.  The golden and shifting Great Kobuk Sand Dunes are located a few miles away from the Kobuk River. Further, the sand dunes soar up to 100 miles in the air.   Kobuk Valley National Park Is Also The Land Of Iñupiaq Subsistence  https://www.instagram.com/p/BWdjyOBl_Lw/ Human life, which started in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes 8000 years ago, is still thriving with the mantra of subsistence. The Iñupiaq people here use the available natural resources to fulfil their physical needs and safeguard their spiritual and cultural requirements.   For example, they depend on caribou and salmon to feed themselves and their dogs. At the same time, caribou skin hide is extensively used to make parka jackets to combat Arctic winter. They also make mukluks or boots using reindeer skin to walk through the snow.   Further, the local people made baskets using birch and willow. Moreover, in darkness, caribou tallow or seal oil were the only ingredients to light up their stone lamps.   Irrespective of the trade with the coastal communities, the “customary, traditional and non-commercial” use of natural resources is still important in the park.   Iñupiat Ilitqusiat And Respecting The Ecosystem   https://www.instagram.com/p/CzjboNfsc4Y/ Aboriginal people in the Kobuk Valley National Park are committed to passing on their values from generation to generation. The Iñupiat Ilitqusiat value asks them to transfer the knowledge and skill of hunting and everything about life.  In addition, this transfer of knowledge helps to make the most of various seasons and subsistence opportunities. For example, the caribou season comes to this park after the salmon season.   Earlier, Noatak Valley was the destination for these people during the caribou season, and even today, some families move to Noatak Valley. Again, summer camping around the Kobuk River is common for fishing, especially catching salmon and whitefish.   Summer is also the season for harvesting berries and wild greens for the local people.  If you want to learn about the local people and their values, you must be respectful and understand their seasonal activities as a part of their subsistence practices.   Overall, the Kobuk Valley National Park is not just a place to see sand dunes and wildlife. It is a tapestry of human lives depending on nature.   Things To Know Before You Visit The Kobuk Valley National Park   For me, the sand dunes and Iñupiaq subsistence practices are the most fascinating things in the Kobuk Valley National Park. However, keep the following information handy if you are to pay a visit anytime soon.   Mode of Transport: Authorized air taxis from Kotzebue or Bettles  Visitor Center: Northwest Arctic Heritage Center  Entrance Fee: Free  Permits Required:  Commercial Use Authorization or CUA for commercial activities, Research Permits, Filming and Photography Permits  Activities to Do: Boating, fishing, camping and backpacking, hiking, flight-seeing and exploring nearby attractions  Best Time to Visit: June to July   Area: 1,750,000 Acres  Established: 2nd December, 1980  Number of Visitors: 17,616 (2023) (National Park Service Data)  Snowfall, downpours, and extreme weather conditions can occur in any season of the year. So, follow the instructions shared at the visitor center and keep your gear ready for survival!