What Are The Best Places To See In The Sacred City Of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka? 

Apr 21, 2026

Last Updated on: May 29, 2026

Asia

Anuradhapura is a part of the Golden Triangle of Sri Lanka along with the Dambulla Royal Cave Enclave, Polonnaruwa, and Sigiriya Rock Fortress

Furthermore, the Sacred City of Anuradhapura, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was built from the “cutting of a Bodhi Tree” or the “Tree of Enlightenment.” 

Before 993, when it was abandoned due to an invasion, it was the political and religious capital of Ceylon, the previous name for Sri Lanka. 

Also, if Jaffna attracted me with its Tamil Culture and Hindu Temples, Anuradhapura was a great calling because it was the first place to adopt Buddhism outside India, the country I belong to. 

Moreover, Jetavanaramaya, the early 4th-century BCE Stupa, was once the “third-largest man-made building in the world,” with an original height of 122 meters. 

However, while the Jetavanaramaya Stupa continues to evoke awe with its grandeur and mystery, the other ruins and remains of Anuradhapura also wait to tell you the history and cultural richness of the region. 

So, here is a brief discussion on the places I visited in Anuradhapura. 

What Are The Places To Visit In Anuradhapura? 

What Are The Places To Visit In Anuradhapura

I was staying in a guest house near the Sacred City of Anuradhapura. I rented a bicycle from my guest house for LKR 500, and I took the back route as the staff in the guesthouse guided me. 

Off the main road, the cycling experience was beautiful, and I loved spotting the roaming peacocks and little children waving at me. 

Beyond the charming views and ambiance, I noticed one more thing. In Anuradhapura, the past and the present walk side by side. 

There have been no evictions of the locals in the name of preserving or promoting the ancient ruins and remains in a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 

Nevertheless, after talking to the local children for a while, I reached the entrance of the Anuradhapura Sacred City. The entry fee was around 9500 LKR or INR 2800. 

However, remember that the ticket includes archaeological sites such as Jetavanaramaya, Abhayagiriya, Ruwanwelisaya, and Thuparamaya.

So, if you want to explore other sites such as the Isurumuniya Viharaya, you will need to pay separate fees. 

Nevertheless, these are the places I visited in Anuradhapura. 

This sacred city was established around a cutting from the ‘tree of enlightenment’, the Buddha’s fig tree, brought there in the 3rd century B.C. by Sanghamitta, the founder of an order of Buddhist nuns. 

Anuradhapura, a Ceylonese political and religious capital that flourished for 1,300 years, was abandoned after an invasion in 993. 

Hidden away in dense jungle for many years, the splendid site, with its palaces, monasteries, and monuments, is now accessible once again.

– UNESCO World Heritage Convention. 

1. Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex

Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex

The Abhayagiri Vihara Gargantuan Stupa is magnificent, and the brick stupa creates a contrast against the bright blue sky and the lush greenery of Anuradhapura. 

King Vattagamani Abhaya or Valagamba founded this Stupa in the first century BCE. This prominent center of Mahayana Buddhism remains an active place of worship. 

Also known as the Northern Monastery or Uttara Vihara, it changed the course of Buddhism in Sri Lanka by deviating from the monolithic tradition of Theravada Buddhism. 

Moreover, the Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa is the first Stupa in Sri Lanka to house the tooth relic of Buddha. 

Also, the Abhayagiri Dagoba or Stupa at the epicenter of the Abhayagiri Vihara Complex is one of the largest stupas in Sri Lanka. 

The Structure And Architecture Of The Abhayagiri Vihara

Apart from the Stupa or Dagoba, most parts of the Abhayagiri Vihara are in ruins. There were living houses for the monks and students, libraries, dinner halls, and meeting halls surrounding the Stupa. 

Here is a detailed overview of the structures as I saw them. However, the heat will be scorching, and you will find langur monkeys roaming around. 

So, try to be there by 6 AM, when the gates open, or after 4 PM. The Sacred City remains open till 8 PM.

However, it will take you around an entire day if you want to explore the major ruins of the Anuradhapura Sacred City.

The Dagoba Or The Stupa 

The Stupa or Dagoba in the Abhayagiri Vihara is in a well-preserved condition. The massive bell-shaped structure of the stupa has a height of around 120 meters, and at its widest, the circumference is close to 350 meters. 

The dome, made of brick and lime mortar, has four entrances, and you will find a Devatakotuva or a cylindrical spire and Hataraskotuva or a square-shaped structure as the crowns of the Stupa. 

Image Houses, Refectories, And Sub Shrines 

I saw the remains of various refectories, image houses, living complexes, and sub-shrines around the stupa. 

Among the smaller stupas, the Indikatu Seya and Silasobbhakandaka Cetiya are the most common. 

Meeting Halls

The remains of the meeting halls or Uposathagharas have been found in the complex. 

These Uposathagharas were multi-storied, and Ratnaprasadaya or the jewel mansion was most prominent among them. 

Congregation Hall

The Sannipatasala, or the congregation hall near the southern entrance of the stupa, is the largest hall in the complex. 

The image of Nagaraja, or the king of snakes, or Virupaksha, the protector of the Western Direction, was found in this congregation hall, which is now in ruins. 

You can see this image at the Abhayagiri Museum. 

Abhisheka Mandapa Or Anointing Pavilion

The Abhisheka Mandapa had a stepped entrance, and people believe it to be the place where the statues of Lord Buddha and other Bodhisattvas were consecrated. 

Some even consider this the bathing house or Snanghara. 

Stone Slabs 

Many stone slabs with inscriptions in Nagari Script have been found in this site. 

Again, there are two moon stones in Anuradhapura, and one was found at the Queen’s Pavilion and the other at Mahasena’s Palace. 

These moon stones are significant features of Buddhist stupas or shrines, as these semi-circular stone structures depict the Buddhist Samasara. 

The Dining Room

The dining room or hall of the Abhayagiri Vihara has a stone-clad trough, and it is ideal for storing or serving rice that could feed 5000 monks. 

Furthermore, there was a dining area, hearths, underground channels, grinding stones, and a sundial in the site Faxian or Fa-Hien described as the dining hall. 

The dining hall also has two courtyards. 

The Bodhi Tree Shrine

The Bodhi Tree Shrine, or the Bodhighara is a subsidiary shrine of the Abhayagiri Stupa. As a token of Buddha’s enlightenment, Sanghamitta, a Buddhist nun from India, brought saplings of the Bodhi Tree. 

She planted the saplings in Abhayagiri, and many patrons built small aediculae-like shrines around these trees. 

These sub-shrines had images of Lord Buddha in a meditative or Samadhi posture and his footprints. 

Moreover, excavation of Buddha statues took place in the Bodhighara sites, and one of them is from the 3rd century BCE, and these resemble the sculptures of the great Gupta dynasty in India. 

You can visit the Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum if you want to see these Buddha statues.

The Ponds 

The tanks and reservoirs near the living quarters were the main sources of water for the complex. 

However, water in these reservoirs or tanks came from the Kuttam Pokana or Twin Ponds to the far east of the Stupa. 

Moreover, these rectangular ponds were built by Aggabodhi I in the 6th or 7th century CE, and they have shallow ridges, and the inner walls are made of polished stone. 

However, for me, the most fascinating thing was the stone slab with the motif of a hooded cobra. 

Also, this hooded cobra or Naga establishes a deep connection with India, as Nagas and water have deep connections in Indian mythology. 

As I walked further, I came across the Elephant Pond or Eth Pokuna.

It is the largest artificial tank in Sri Lanka, and it is the main water supply for all the tanks and reservoirs in the Vihara Complex. 

Here also, I noticed a depiction of a hooded cobra on a stone slab. 

At the end of exploring the Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex, I must tell you that you must read a little about the place before a visit. 

Otherwise, it will be difficult for you to catch up when the guide shares the details. 

2. Jethawanaramaya Stupa

Jethawanaramaya Stupa

You will also find the Jetavanaramaya Stupa in the Sacred City of Anuradhapura.

It was one of the largest man-made structures in the world, and it ranked only after the Great Pyramids of Giza. 

The original height of this structure was 122 meters, and after restoration, the height is now 71 meters. 

The stupa, built by King Mahasena in the 3rd Century AD, is a part of a large Jetavana Vihara complex that used to house around 200 monks. Also, like the Abhayagiri Vihara, it has a brick architecture. 

This once again indicates how ancient Anuradhapura was a hub of brick production. In fact, Ruwanwelisaya, the most sacred stupa of the country inside the Anuradhapura Sacred City Complex, also had a brick architecture. 

However, for the recent restoration, they used cement in the outer layer of the stupa. 

Moreover, massive excavation works have taken place in the Sacred City of Anuradhapura, and the gold panels showing the imagery of the Bodhisattva and the partial inscriptions of the Prajñāpāramitā Sutra. 

Now, Prajñāpāramitā Sutra is the foundational text of Mahayana Buddhism. This shows how the Jethawanaramaya Stupa was the hub of different Buddhist thoughts and schools.

However, you can see these gold panels now at the Colombo Museum. 

Also, I came to know about another fascinating thing from a monk here, that the stupa used to have a diamond in the crown. It used to turn aside lightning during the monsoon season. 

3. The Gleaming White Ruwanwelisaya Stupa 

The Gleaming White Ruwanwelisaya Stupa

The Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is most famous among the locals and followers of Buddhism. 

Now, unlike the Ritigala Forest Monastery, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa or the other stupas in the complex are live hubs of Buddhist practices. 

Also, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is especially famous for housing the remains of Lord Buddha. 

Originally, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa was much smaller than the Jethawanaramaya Stupa. However, thanks to continuous maintenance, it now stands at a height of 100 meters. 

Now, this was my experience in the ancient ruins of Anuradhapura. If you want to explore more, you can visit the Kaudulla National Park, at a distance of less than 2 hours, and the Hurulu Eco Park, at a distance of 1 hour and 50 minutes.  

Location And How To Reach Anuradhapura? 

Anuradhapura City is located on the banks of the Malwathu Oya. It is the capital of the central-west region of Sri Lanka and the district of Anuradhapura. 

Anuradhapura is a 4-hour journey from Colombo and Kandy. 

Once I explored the top attractions in Kandy, I took a minivan, which cost me LKR 1600. Now, you will also get private and public buses. 

However, I had luggage and wanted to keep the schedule flexible. So, I chose the minivan. 

Things To Remember For A Trip To Anuradhapura

The Sun is merciless in Anuradhapura, even if you visit the Sacred City in winter. It becomes unbearable past 11 AM. 

So, you have to really start early. 

Also, carry water and wear full-sleeve clothes to maintain the dignity of the place and protect your skin from the Sun. 

Moreover, as I have mentioned, visiting a place like Anuradhapura demands preparation. So, study well and have basic ideas about these stupas beforehand. 

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Sibashree is a travel, culture, and leisure writer who has been writing since the age of 12 and professionally since 2014. With more than a decade of travel writing experience and journeys across India and several parts of the world, she brings a deeply personal and thoughtful perspective to her work. A student of English Literature and Mass Communication, Sibashree has always viewed travel as more than movement — for her, it has been a way of understanding people, cultures, and herself. Her passion for spiritual exploration has also led her to many unusual and meaningful destinations over the years. Outside of writing, Sibashree enjoys watching European cinema, reading about global politics, and reflecting on the stories hidden within everyday places.

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BY  Sibashree Apr 27, 2026

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Hurulu Eco Park  Distance from Habarana: 3.4 Kms The Hurulu Eco Park is the closest destination to visit from Habarana if you want to experience the wildlife of Sri Lanka.  Elephants passing between the Minneriya National Park and the Kaudulla National Park use Hurulu Eco Park as an important corridor.  Moreover, the topography of the Hurulu Eco Park is a good mix of plains, rocks, and evergreen jungle.  4. Dambulla Royal Cave Temple Distance from Habarana: 25 Kms The Dambulla Royal Cave Temples are fascinating, and being a two-million-year-old place of Buddhist worship is something extraordinary.  The more amazing thing is that the temples are well-preserved, and people still worship Lord Buddha in these temples.  Spanning an area of 2100 square meters, these cave temples have 157 statues of Lord Buddha and other important figures of Buddhism.  However, among all these statues, the reclining statue of Lord Buddha in the 1st cave will remain etched in my memory forever.  5. Ritigala Forest Monastery Distance from Habarana: 21 Kms The Ritigala Forest Monastery has its historical roots in the 1st century BCE. During that time, Buddhist monks settled here.  Over time, this monastery became an important site for the powerful Pansukulika Sect, which enjoyed the highest form of glory during the 9th to 11th centuries.  However, it was destroyed by Chola invasions in the 10th-12th centuries.  The Ritigala Forest Monastery has a long history of discovery and restoration, too. Moreover, it has a connection with the great Hindu epic, the Ramayana.  In addition, the Ritigala Mountain is home to more than 417 species of medicinal plants and a rich biodiversity. 6. Sigiriya Rock Fortress  Distance from Habarana: 30 Kms The Sigiriya Rock, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is primarily a site of a Buddhist monastery from the 3rd to 1st century BCE. However, there are also legends about this rock fortress being the Golden Palace of Ravana.  Nevertheless, the Buddhist monastery in the Sigiriya Rock rose to importance when Anuradhapura became the capital of Sri Lanka. 7. Pidurangala Rock Distance from Habarana: 30 Kms Many tourists make the mistake of considering Pidurangala Rock as a trekking point that offers a better view of the Sigiriya Rock.  However, along with being a neighbor of Sigiriya Rock, it also has a history of Buddhism associated with it, and the history is 2 millennia old.  After Kashyapa made the Sigiriya Rock the center of power, the monks shifted from there and started residing in the Pidurangala Rock.  It also received royal patronage for its development and for making adequate accommodations for the monks here.  8. The Ruins Of Polonnaruwa Distance from Habarana: 47.5 Kms The ruins of Polonnaruwa are a part of the cultural triangle of Sri Lanka. Polonnaruwa was a growing religious and commercial center of Sri Lanka for over 800 years.  During the Sinhalese and Chola kingdoms and for three centuries, it was the capital of the country.  Today, the Ancient City of Polonnaruwa has the ruins of the Royal Palace, the Sacred Quadrangle, the central dagoba, Shiva Devale, Pabalu Vehera, Rankot Vihara, the dagaba Kiri Vihara, and many other ruins and architecture.  Also, the Buddha sculptures in different dagobas or stupas of the complex were mesmerizing.  9. Minneriya National Park  Distance from Habarana: 5.8 Kms Minneriya National Park has a lush landscape, and along with elephants, it is also home to diverse wildlife such as sloth bears, leopards, and different bird species.  The annual gathering of elephants is the most fascinating incident of the Minneriya National Park. It indicates an event where hundreds of elephants have a meeting, or they gather around the Minneriya Tank.  Habarana: Beyond The Gateway To The Cultural Triangle Of Sri Lanka   Although most people think of Habarana as being nothing more than a bus stop for those heading to Sigiriya or Polonnaruwa, it actually turned out to be the best surprise during my trip to Sri Lanka.  The only reason to stay in Habarana is how convenient the location is.  However, staying there provided me with an experience that you couldn’t reproduce in the more touristy areas of the island, which is the natural beauty of the area. A Place For The Gentle Giants The highlight of my time spent in Habarana was the fact that I was so close to Minneriya and Kaudulla National Parks.  I didn’t just see elephants. I witnessed what is known as the "Gathering."  Also, I observed hundreds of wild elephants gathered around one of the ancient reservoirs while driving around in an open-top jeep.  This is due to it being located in the middle of these two migratory areas.  While we still had wildlife encounters in the more touristy areas, they didn’t have the same natural feel or take the same amount of effort as they did while driving around in Habarana. Authentic Village Immersion In addition to going on safari, I spent a morning enjoying the lifestyle of the people living on the shores of a local lake.  I took a traditional horse-drawn carriage to the lake and paddled across the lake in a canoe.  I shared a meal of rice and spicy sambol with a family in their mud hut that was about as authentic as you could get.  This was far more than just a stopping point, and it was an example of the hospitality of the Sri Lankan people and the slow lifestyle that became my takeaways. Where To Stay In Habarana?  If you're looking for accommodations in Habarana, you're sure to find something that meets your budget, with options ranging from "basic backpacker" to "boujie boutique" accommodations.  For a "calm little oasis," Dudley's Nature Resort is a great option, and it is located 15 minutes away from the main strip of Habarana. Furthermore, the resort is set in a lush jungle environment and includes a pool and breakfast served in the garden.  Moreover, if you are looking to be in a social environment, Roy's Villa Hostel is close by and has an incredible communal atmosphere. Where To Eat In Habarana?  For authentic local flavors, Dewata Villa is a must-visit for its legendary "Rice & Curry" spread.  If you're looking for a quick, budget-friendly bite, Cinnamon Lodge offers great snacks, while the main street is lined with "Short Eat" bakeries for spicy pastries.  For a more social evening, head to Roy’s Villa nearby for delicious communal dinners and great vibes.