What Are The Best Places To See In The Sacred City Of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka? 

Apr 21, 2026

Last Updated on: Sep 28, 2026

Asia

Anuradhapura is a part of the Golden Triangle of Sri Lanka, along with the Dambulla Royal Cave Enclave, Polonnaruwa, and Sigiriya Rock Fortress. 

Furthermore, the Sacred City of Anuradhapura, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was built from the “cutting of a Bodhi Tree” or the “Tree of Enlightenment.” 

Before 993, when it was abandoned due to an invasion, it was the political and religious capital of Ceylon, the previous name for Sri Lanka. 

Also, if Jaffna attracted me with its Tamil Culture and Hindu Temples, Anuradhapura was a great calling because it was the first place to adopt Buddhism outside India, the country I belong to. 

Moreover, Jetavanaramaya, the early 4th-century BCE Stupa, was once the “third-largest man-made building in the world,” with an original height of 122 meters. 

However, while the Jetavanaramaya Stupa continues to evoke awe with its grandeur and mystery, the other ruins and remains of Anuradhapura also wait to tell you the history and cultural richness of the region. 

So, here is a brief discussion on the places I visited in Anuradhapura. 

What Are The Places To Visit In Anuradhapura? 

What Are The Places To Visit In Anuradhapura

I was staying in a guest house near the Sacred City of Anuradhapura.

I rented a bicycle from my guesthouse for LKR 500, and I took the back route as the staff in the guesthouse guided me. 

Off the main road, the cycling experience was beautiful, and I loved spotting the roaming peacocks and little children waving at me. 

Beyond the charming views and ambiance, I noticed one more thing.

In Anuradhapura, the past and the present walk side by side. 

There have been no evictions of the locals in the name of preserving or promoting the ancient ruins and remains in a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 

Nevertheless, after talking to the local children for a while, I reached the entrance of the Anuradhapura Sacred City.

The entry fee was around 9500 LKR or INR 2800. 

However, remember that the ticket includes archaeological sites such as Jetavanaramaya, Abhayagiriya, Ruwanwelisaya, and Thuparamaya.

So, if you want to explore other sites such as the Isurumuniya Viharaya, you will need to pay separate fees. 

Nevertheless, these are the places I visited in Anuradhapura. 

“This sacred city was established around a cutting from the ‘tree of enlightenment’, the Buddha’s fig tree, brought there in the 3rd century B.C. by Sanghamitta, the founder of an order of Buddhist nuns. 

Anuradhapura, a Ceylonese political and religious capital that flourished for 1,300 years, was abandoned after an invasion in 993. 

Hidden away in dense jungle for many years, the splendid site, with its palaces, monasteries, and monuments, is now accessible once again.

– UNESCO World Heritage Convention. 

1. Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex

Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex

The Abhayagiri Vihara Gargantuan Stupa is magnificent, and the brick stupa creates a contrast against the bright blue sky and the lush greenery of Anuradhapura. 

King Vattagamani Abhaya or Valagamba founded this Stupa in the first century BCE.

This prominent center of Mahayana Buddhism remains an active place of worship. 

Also known as the Northern Monastery or Uttara Vihara, it changed the course of Buddhism in Sri Lanka by deviating from the monolithic tradition of Theravada Buddhism. 

Moreover, the Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa is the first Stupa in Sri Lanka to house the tooth relic of the Buddha. 

Also, the Abhayagiri Dagoba or Stupa at the epicenter of the Abhayagiri Vihara Complex is one of the largest stupas in Sri Lanka. 

The Structure And Architecture Of The Abhayagiri Vihara

Apart from the Stupa or Dagoba, most parts of the Abhayagiri Vihara are in ruins.

There were living quarters for the monks and students, libraries, dinner halls, and meeting halls surrounding the Stupa. 

Here is a detailed overview of the structures as I saw them.

However, the heat will be scorching, and you will find langur monkeys roaming around. 

So, try to be there by 6 AM, when the gates open, or after 4 PM. The Sacred City remains open till 8 PM.

But it will take you around an entire day if you want to explore the major ruins of the Anuradhapura Sacred City.

The Dagoba Or The Stupa 

The Stupa or Dagoba in the Abhayagiri Vihara is in a well-preserved condition.

The massive bell-shaped structure of the Stupa has a height of around 120 meters, and at its widest, the circumference is close to 350 meters. 

The dome, made of brick and lime mortar, has four entrances, and you will find a Devatakotuva, or a cylindrical spire, and a Hataraskotuva, or a square-shaped structure, as the crowns of the Stupa. 

Image Houses, Refectoriesand Sub-Shrineses 

I saw the remains of various refectories, image houses, living complexes, and sub-shrines around the Stupa. 

Among the smaller stupas, the Indikatu Seya and Silasobbhakandaka Cetiya are the most common. 

Meeting Halls

The remains of the meeting halls or Uposathagharas have been found in the complex. 

These Uposathagharas were multi-storied, and Ratnaprasadaya,o r the jewel mansion, was most prominent among them. 

Congregation Hall

The Sannipatasala, or the congregation hall near the southern entrance of the Stupa, is the largest hall in the complex. 

The image of Nagaraja, or the king of snakes, or Virupaksha, the protector of the Western Direction, was found in this congregation hall, which is now in ruins. 

You can see this image at the Abhayagiri Museum. 

Abhisheka Mandapa Or Anointing Pavilion

The Abhisheka Mandapa had a stepped entrance, and people believe it to be the place where the statues of Lord Buddha and other Bodhisattvas were consecrated. 

Some even consider this the bathing house or Snanghara. 

Stone Slabs 

Many stone slabs with inscriptions in Nagari Script have been found at this site. 

Again, there are two moon stones in Anuradhapura, and one was found at the Queen’s Pavilion and the other at Mahasena’s Palace. 

These moon stones are significant features of Buddhist stupas or shrines, as these semi-circular stone structures depict the Buddhist Samasara. 

The Dining Room

The dining room or hall of the Abhayagiri Vihara has a stone-clad trough, and it is ideal for storing or serving rice that could feed 5000 monks. 

Furthermore, there was a dining area, hearths, underground channels, grinding stones, and a sundial on the site that Faxian or Fa-Hien described as the dining hall. 

The dining hall also has two courtyards. 

The Bodhi Tree Shrine

The Bodhi Tree Shrine, or the Bodhighara is a subsidiary shrine of the Abhayagiri Stupa.

As a token of Buddha’s enlightenment, Sanghamitta, a Buddhist nun from India, brought saplings of the Bodhi Tree. 

She planted the saplings in Abhayagiri, and many patrons built small aediculae-like shrines around these trees. 

These sub-shrines had images of Lord Buddha in a meditative or Samadhi posture and his footprints. 

Moreover, excavation of Buddha statues took place in the Bodhighara sites, and one of them is from the 3rd century BCE, and these resemble the sculptures of the great Gupta dynasty in India. 

You can visit the Anuradhapura Archaeological Museum if you want to see these Buddha statues.

The Ponds 

The tanks and reservoirs near the living quarters were the main sources of water for the complex. 

However, water in these reservoirs or tanks came from the Kuttam Pokana or Twin Ponds to the far east of the Stupa. 

Moreover, these rectangular ponds were built by Aggabodhi I in the 6th or 7th century CE, and they have shallow ridges, and the inner walls are made of polished stone. 

However, for me, the most fascinating thing was the stone slab with the motif of a hooded cobra. 

Also, this hooded cobra, or Naga, establishes a deep connection with India, as Nagas and water have deep connections in Indian mythology. 

As I walked further, I came across the Elephant Pond or Eth Pokuna.

It is the largest artificial tank in Sri Lanka, and it is the main water supply for all the tanks and reservoirs in the Vihara Complex. 

Here also, I noticed a depiction of a hooded cobra on a stone slab. 

At the end of exploring the Abhayagiri Vihara Stupa Complex, I must tell you that you must read a little about the place before a visit. 

Otherwise, it will be difficult for you to catch up when the guide shares the details. 

2.Jetavanaramayaa Stupa

Jethawanaramaya Stupa

You will also find the Jetavanaramaya Stupa in the Sacred City of Anuradhapura.

It was one of the largest man-made structures in the world, and it ranked only after the Great Pyramids of Giza. 

The original height of this structure was 122 meters, and after restoration, the height is now 71 meters. 

The Stupa, built by King Mahasena in the 3rd Century AD, is a part of a large Jetavana Vihara complex that used to house around 200 monks.

Also, like the Abhayagiri Vihara, it has brick architecture. 

This once again indicates how ancient Anuradhapura was a hub of brick production.

In fact, Ruwanwelisaya, the most sacred Stupa of the country inside the Anuradhapura Sacred City Complex, also had brick architecture. 

However, for the recent restoration, they used cement in the outer layer of the Stupa. 

Moreover, massive excavation works have taken place in the Sacred City of Anuradhapura, revealing gold panels showing the imagery of the Bodhisattva and partial inscriptions of the Prajñāpāramitā Sutra. 

Now, the Prajñāpāramitā Sutra is the foundational text of Mahayana Buddhism.

This shows how the Jethawanaramaya Stupa was the hub of different Buddhist thoughts and schools.

However, you can see these gold panels now at the Colombo Museum. 

Also, I came to know about another fascinating thing from a monk here: that the Stupa used to have a diamond in the crown. It used to turn aside lightning during the monsoon season. 

3. The Gleaming White Ruwanwelisaya Stupa 

The Gleaming White Ruwanwelisaya Stupa

The Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is most famous among the locals and followers of Buddhism. 

Now, unlike the Ritigala Forest Monastery, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa and the other stupas in the complex are live hubs of Buddhist practices. 

Also, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is especially famous for housing the remains of Lord Buddha. 

Originally, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa was much smaller than the Jethawanaramaya Stupa.

However, thanks to continuous maintenance, it now stands at a height of 100 meters. 

Now, this was my experience in the ancient ruins of Anuradhapura.

If you want to explore more, you can visit the Kaudulla National Park, at a distance of less than 2 hours, and the Hurulu Eco Park, at a distance of 1 hour and 50 minutes.  

Location And How To Reach Anuradhapura? 

Anuradhapura City is located on the banks of the Malwathu Oya. It is the capital of the central-west region of Sri Lanka and the district of Anuradhapura. 

Anuradhapura is a 4-hour journey from Colombo and Kandy. 

Once I explored the top attractions in Kandy, I took a minivan, which cost me LKR 1600. Now, you can also take private and public buses. 

However, I had luggage and wanted to keep the schedule flexible. So, I chose the minivan. 

Things To Remember For A Trip To Anuradhapura

The Sun is merciless in Anuradhapura, even if you visit the Sacred City in winter.

It becomes unbearable past 11 AM. 

So, you have to really start early. 

Also, carry water and wear full-sleeve clothes to maintain the dignity of the place and protect your skin from the Sun. 

Moreover, as I have mentioned, visiting a place like Anuradhapura demands preparation.

So, study well and have basic ideas about these stupas beforehand. 

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Sibashree is a travel, culture, and leisure writer who has been writing since the age of 12 and professionally since 2014. With more than a decade of travel writing experience and journeys across India and several parts of the world, she brings a deeply personal and thoughtful perspective to her work. A student of English Literature and Mass Communication, Sibashree has always viewed travel as more than movement — for her, it has been a way of understanding people, cultures, and herself. Her passion for spiritual exploration has also led her to many unusual and meaningful destinations over the years. Outside of writing, Sibashree enjoys watching European cinema, reading about global politics, and reflecting on the stories hidden within everyday places.

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Adam’s Peak (Sri Pada): Climbing Sri Lanka’s Sacred Mountain

BY  Sibashree Aug 21, 2026

It was two in the morning, and I started climbing Adam’s Peak. I was in a line of pilgrims, and the line stretched as far as I could see with my torchlight. All the guides about climbing up this sacred mountain tell you about climbing the 5500 steps. However, nothing prepares you for the experience you will have in conquering them in pitch darkness.  Furthermore, the crowd itself was a reflection of how inclusive Sri Lanka is in its religious practice. It was a gathering of people from four different religious beliefs.  The reasons for everyone’s climb were not the same. However, that did not quite clash with each other.  That is the beauty of the Indian Subcontinent, and Sri Lanka sets an example each time I visit it.   Nevertheless, in this guide, I will talk about my experience of reaching the summit of Adam’s Peak and all the details you need to know.  Adam’s Peak: Some Quick Facts You Need To Know AttributeDetailsLocationInside Peak Wilderness Protected Area, Central Highlands, Sri LankaElevation2,243 Metres (7,359 Feet)Local NameSri Pada ("Sacred Footprint") or SivanolipaathamalaiReligious SignificanceSacred to Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, ChristiansTotal StepsRoughly 5,500 Stairs via the Popular Hatton RouteAverage Hike Time3 to 5 Hours for the Ascent1.5 to 2 Hours for the DescentPilgrimage SeasonDecember (Unduvap Poya) to May (Vesak Poya)Best Months to ClimbJanuary to March for Dry Weather and Clear Sunrise ViewsCostFree (No Entry Fee or Permit Requirements) What Makes Adam's Peak Sacred Mount Pedro is the tallest mountain in Sri Lanka. However, Adam’s Peak has the highest spiritual significance.  The local name for the peak, Sri Pada, or "Sacred Footprint,” itself sets your expectations high.  It rises 2243 meters in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka. Adam’s Peak has a rock formation at the summit resembling a large footprint, which is claimed by four separate religions. The Mystery Of The Footprint At The Adam’s Peak Summit The Buddhists believe that the sacred footprint at the summit is of Lord Buddha. On the other hand, Hindus believe that the footprint is of Lord Shiva.  Some Christians think the footprint is of Adam. He set his first footprint here after falling from the Garden of Eden. Muslims also believe Adam, the first prophet in their religion, left this footprint.  Furthermore, there is a different Christian belief that the footprint belongs to St. Thomas.  Again, the locals call it the “Mountain of Saman.” They think the mountain is associated with Saman, a significant figure of worship in local traditions.  Irrespective of the religious significance of Adam’s Peak, pilgrimage to the summit has continued for over a thousand years. A Brief History Of The Pilgrimage Some of the earliest recorded efforts to conquer Adam’s Peak go back to the reign of King Vijayabahu I in the eleventh century. He built wayside rest houses along the route. Later, various rulers expanded the mountaintop shrine. They also built roads and installed the iron chains that still assist climbers on the steepest sections near the summit. Another fascinating local belief is that the chains in the steep sections of the route belonged to Alexander the Great. Also, you will find a mention of Adam’s Peak in the writings of the Chinese traveler Ma Huan. He described Adam’s Peak as a place rich with precious stones. Along with the religious significance, the richness of gems is another reason why this peak has drawn visitors from far beyond Sri Lanka. Where Is Adam's Peak Located? https://maps.app.goo.gl/CZeW7kGZ8rTZG2Xc8 The sacred mountain is in the southwestern part of the Central Range in Sri Lanka. It is at a distance of around 40 km from Ratnapura.  However, the more popular trekking route is through Hatton, which is just at a distance of 32 km.  The landscape surrounding the mountain is delightful and quintessential of the Sri Lankan Central Highlands. You will see tea plantations and rainforest.  Moreover, Dalhousie, or Nallathanniya, is the village at the base of this mountain. Most trekkers start their journey from this village itself.  It is an easy base to reach from Hatton, Maskeliya, or Ratnapura, depending on which direction you're coming from. Getting To The Trailhead Hatton is the main transport hub for this side of the mountain. It is well connected by train on Sri Lanka's scenic hill-country line as well as by bus from Kandy, Nuwara Eliya, and Colombo.  From Hatton, local buses and shared taxis run the remaining stretch to Nallathanniya. During peak pilgrimage season, you will get extra buses heading to the base.  If you are driving yourself, the roads narrow considerably in the final approach to Dalhousie. Also, parking fills up quickly on weekends and full moon nights. Choosing Your Route To Adam’s Peak Just as pilgrims of four different religions want to conquer Adam’s Peak, there are six trails that lead to Adam’s Peak.  However, as I have mentioned, the Hatton route via Nallathanniya is popular with travelers. It is also the easiest.  The route is around 5 km one-way, and the staircase on this route is well-maintained for a safe ascent.  The Kuruwita-Erathna, Ihala-Maliboda, and Ratnapura routes are longer. They are also less developed and used mainly by more experienced or locally guided hikers rather than casual visitors. The Night Climb Most pilgrims start the climb to the summit at around 2 to 3 AM. This reminded me of the walk and the queue for visiting the Tirupati Balaji Temple and Aruanchalam Temple in India. Both of these temples are located at hilltops.  Nevertheless, with the ascent starting at 2 AM to 3 AM, you can reach the summit before sunrise at around 6 to 6:15 AM.  You know your fitness level and the number of stops you are taking at the tea shops along the way. The total duration to complete the ascent will change with these factors.  Also, very few people talk about the descent, which is actually way harder, and my knees had a hard time.  The reward of all this hardwork is the sacred "Shadow of Sri Pada" on a clear morning.  Difficulty And Fitness Considerations The climb to Adam’s Peak is moderate to hard. There is no technical scrambling.  However, the stone stairs are relentless, and they test different muscles than a usual hiking trail. So, basic fitness is important, and only reasonably fit adults can complete the ascent in three to four hours. Having said that, mental endurance is most important here.  I passed pilgrims well into their seventies moving slower but steadily upward alongside groups of teenagers.  The descent deserves just as much respect as the climb. The repetitive downward impact on knees and quads catches many first-timers off guard. Also, rushing it is a common way to end up sore for days afterward. What Is The Best Time To Climb Adam’s Peak From the Unduwap Poya (full moon) in December to the Vesak Poya in May is the official pilgrimage season for climbing Adam’s Peak.  It is the dry season in Sri Lanka.  The entire route gets decked up during this season. The strings of lights, the tea stalls, and rest huts open all night make the ambience festive.  However, if you want to avoid the crowd, you can plan a climb between June and November.  Skip the monsoon months and slippery stone steps.  Crowds And Timing Within The Season If you want to join the pilgrims in the peak season, you must avoid the following days. Full Moon Days Weekends The Week Around the Sinhala New Year in Mid-April. Also, the months of January and February remain the busiest.  So, if you are planning a quieter climb in the festive season, aim for a weekday in early December or late April instead. What To Pack And Expect Comfortable, broken-in walking shoes matter more here than technical hiking gear. The trail has no scrambling but plenty of relentless stairs.  Nights on the mountain get cold, particularly in December and January. So, a warm layer is worth the extra weight in your bag.  The entry is free, though donations are welcomed at the temple near the base. Moreover, you must carry cash for tea, snacks, and simple meals from the stalls lining the route during the season. Nearby Places To Combine With Your Visit Hatton and the surrounding tea country make a natural base before or after the climb. You can combine Adam's Peak with a trip through Nuwara Eliya or onward toward Ella. Take the trip via Sri Lanka's scenic hill-country rail line.  Do you have a rest day built in? The tea estates around Maskeliya and Dalhousie are worth exploring at a slower pace once your legs have recovered from the descent. Guides And Group Climbs To Adam’s Peak Hiring a guide is not necessary on the main Hatton route, since the path is obvious and well-populated during the season. However, having a guide can add real value for first-time climbers. These guides help you know the context of the mountain's history and the shrines passed along the way.  Many guesthouses in Nallathanniya and Hatton can arrange a local guide on short notice.  Also, joining a small group climb is a good option for solo travelers who would rather not do the pre-dawn ascent entirely alone.