Italy: Is Florence flat or hilly?

BY  Sibashree Sep 18, 2025

Pamukkale is one of the most visited regions in Turkey in 2025. With its natural beauty and historical intrigue, it welcomed 1.6 million visitors in 2025, according to a recent Travel and Tour World report.  Home to the Hierapolis spa city, Pamukkale Turkey, has snow-white travertine terraces, which look dramatic against the backdrop of blue skies. Also, it is one of the most prominent destinations in Turkey to promote nature-based tourism.  Also, resembling a winter wonderland covered with snow, Pamukkale is actually a unique landscape formed by hot spring waters in a Sun-kissed zone of Turkey.  Where Is Pamukkale Turkey?  Pamukkale is in the Denizli Province of southwestern Turkey. It has Hierapolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a unique landscape, including white travertine terraces.  The unique landscape is built with the carbonite mineral deposits of the hot water springs here.  Furthermore, Pamukkale is in the Inner Aegean region of Turkey and it is in the valley of the River Menderes.  How To Reach Pamukkale Turkey From Istanbul? The distance between Pamukkale and Istanbul is close to 572 km, and based on your mode of transport, it will take between 6 hours 20 minutes and 11 hours to reach Pamukkale.  1. Istanbul To Pamukkale Turkey By Train You can take a train from Istanbul to Eskişehir and then board the Pamukkale Express from Eskişehir to Denizli, where Pamukkale is located. This 8-hour journey by train allows you to cherish the beauty of central Anatolia.  Otherwise, board a train from Istanbul to Yenikapı and then a train to Pamukkale. The train will pass through stations such as Istanbul Pendik, Eskişehir, and Goncalı. 2. Istanbul To Pamukkale By Air The Denizli-Çardak Airport (DNZ) is the nearest airport to Pamukkale. It is located at a distance of 67 km. You can take a domestic flight from Istanbul to Pamukkale and then take a shuttle or a bus to reach Pamukkale by road within 50 minutes.  3. Istanbul To Pamukkale By Road Companies such as Kamil Koç operate direct buses from Istanbul to Sarayköy. From Sarayköy to Pamukkale, it is a journey of less than 30 minutes by road.  Moreover, you can take overnight buses to Pamukkale from Istanbul.  What Is So Special About Pamukkale Turkey?  With thermal springs, white hills of cascading water, and crystal lakes, the unique landscape of Pamukkale looks stunning. Furthermore, it has Hierapolis or the “Holy City.”  Fortunately, all these unique features of Pamukkale are mostly intact even today. Moreover, as the UNESCO World Heritage Convention says, it is a wonderful fusion of natural beauty and cultural richness.  “The property is largely intact and includes all the attributes necessary to express its Outstanding Universal Value, based on the strong and tight integration between the natural landscape (the white travertine terraces and numerous thermal springs) and culture (the city ruins from the Greco-Roman and Byzantine period, especially the theatre and the necropolis). The boundaries of the site are adequate to reflect the site’s significance.” - UNESCO World Heritage Convention.  Let’s explore its unique features and landmarks.  1. Cotton Castle Pamukkale Turkey Pamukkale means cotton castle in Turkey, and the name comes from the travertine terraces, which have white formations with a cotton-like appearance. The terraces here form stepped pools, and together they look like a cascading castle of white cotton and crystals.  But do you know how this unique landmark was formed? Western Anatolia in Turkey has the largest deposits of calcium carbonate rocks in the world. However, it is also the region where the Earth’s crust faces the maximum pull.  Furthermore, various geothermal, seismic, and volcanic activities here create many fissures and faults. The Pamukkale plateau in the Denizli Basin is one of the main examples of this kind of geological formation.  Here, the calcite terraces and rimstone pools fall from over a 200-meter-tall cliff. Being rich in minerals, the cascading water covers the rocks with a thick layer of white sediments. These rocks look like layers of cotton and have thus got the name Cotton Castle.   According to NASA, the mineral deposition in this area is aged between 50000 and 600,000 years. The process started from the Pleistocene epoch, and the latest deposition here is related to the Laodikeia earthquake.  2. The Pools Of Pamukkale Turkey The thermal pools in the travertine terraces of Pamukkale were formed with mineral-rich hot spring water falling down the hillside and solidifying the deposits.  The vast Cleopatra’s Pool is probably the most prominent example when we talk about the pools of Pamukkale. The average water temperature of these pools ranges between 19 and 57 degrees Celsius. Sometimes the temperature can be as much as 100 degrees Celsius.  3. The Hot Springs Of Pamukkale The hot springs of Pamukkale have geothermal water, which is rich in minerals. Being mineral-rich, these waters have many therapeutic benefits. Moreover, it is a lifetime experience to swim in the geothermal pools on travertine terraces against the beautiful white walls.  4. The Ancient Hierapolis Or The Holy City Of Pamukkale  King Antiochus II founded ancient Hierapolis in the 2nd century BCE at the top of Pamukkale. Its strategic position near the thermal rings and along the trade route made it a thriving city during the Roman Rule.  Furthermore, Hierapolis became a prominent spa and healing city, and it grew in religious and cultural significance over time. The vast necropolis, the Temple of Apollo, and the Roman theater are the telltale signs of a rich history of Hierapolis, or the Holy City of Pamukkale.  Moreover, during the Byzantine era, Hierapolis experienced tremendous growth as a Christian hub, and it became a bishopric. In addition, the necropolis area saw many churches being built, and it became a chosen resting place for Christian martyrs.  Finally, in 1988, UNESCO gave the combination of Hierapolis and Pamukkale the designation of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  5. The Gate To Hel Or Pluto’s Gate In Hierapolis View this post on Instagram A post shared by M. Tolga Akbulut (@mtolgaakbulut) Pluto’s Gate was believed to be the gate to hell or the underworld. This prominent archaeological site was associated with Pluto, the Roman God of the dead, wealth, and the underworld.  The scientific explanation behind this place is that geothermal activities in Pamukkale caused the release of a large amount of carbon dioxide. Thus, it became a lethal area, and the priests utilized this natural phenomenon to convince pilgrims of the place’s mystical power.  What Are The Things To Do In Pamukkale Turkey? As I have already mentioned, the things to do in Pamukkale are the perfect fusions of natural, cultural, and religious explorations. Try these activities here.  1. Taking A Bath In Cleopatra’s Pool Cleopatra’s Pool got its name from Queen Cleopatra taking a bath in this pool. It is surrounded by marble columns that go back 1000 years.  This pool is just a 10-minute walk away from the main ruins of Hierapolis. 2. Exploring The Roman Theater The history of the Roman Theater goes back to the 2nd century AD. It could accommodate 12,000 visitors and was the venue for theatrical performances and gladiatorial battles.  Even today, the Roman Theater is well-maintained, and you can enjoy a panoramic view of Pamukkale from this place.  3. Taking A Stroll Around The Necropolis The necropolis area of Pamukkale has tombs and family mausoleums that belong to the Byzantine, Roman, and Hellenistic periods.  The necropolis area is like an outdoor museum where you can read the plaques and learn a lot about the people who stayed here and how they viewed life and the afterlife.  4. Visiting The Local Villages The Pamukkale Village offers you a slice of the ultimate Turkish rural life. Try the mezes or appetizers, kebabs, and Pide or Turkish pizzas from local shops and restaurants here.  Also, you can explore the shops here to buy ceramic items, jewelry, and textiles.  5. Enjoying A Walk Through The Travertine Terraces Take a walk along the travertine terraces and experience the wonder of nature at its best. Furthermore, you can wet your feet in the warm waters of the pools here.  However, you have to walk carefully on the surface as it can be slippery.  Pamukkale Turkey: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about Pamukkale Turkey.  1. What Is The Best Time To Visit Pamukkale Turkey? April to June, or the spring season, and September to November, or the autumn season, are ideal times for a visit to Pamukkale. However, if you want to avoid the crowd, the winter months of December to March are the best options.  2. Which City Is The Closest To Pamukkale Turkey? Denizli is the closest city to Pamukkale. The distance between these two places is around 17 km. Today, Denizli City is a bustling hub of textile production and export.  3. Is It Possible To Swim In Pamukkale? Yes, swimming is allowed in the travertine pools in Pamukkale. However, there are only some designated pools, such as the Cleopatra Pool, where you can swim.  4. Is 1 Day Enough In Pamukkale? Yes, one day is enough to explore the Pamukkale. You can take a bath in the travertine pools, explore the ancient ruins, and visit the local villages within 5-6 hours.  5. Which One Is Better? Cappadocia Or Pamukkale? Cappadocia and Pamukkale both have stunning landscapes. However, Cappadocia is famous for adventurous activities, like hot air balloon rides. On the other hand, Pamukkale is a place for natural exploration, visiting the ancient ruins, and taking a bath in the travertine pools.  6. What Language Is Spoken In Pamukkale? Turkish, the official language of Turkey, is the main language in Pamukkale. However, people here also speak in English.  7. Is Pamukkale Good For Skin? Yes, Pamukkale is good for the skin. The presence of silica, sulfur, and calcium in the water improves the elasticity of the skin, cleanses the skin, and alleviates eczema and other skin conditions.  8. Can I Drink Water In Pamukkale? The water of the thermal springs and pools of Pamukkale is rich in minerals. So, it is better to avoid drinking the water from the hot springs and pools in Pamukkale.  9. Do I Need To Pay Entry Fee To Visit Pamukkale Yes, you will need to pay an entry fee to visit Pamukkale. Furthermore, there will be an additional fee if you want to swim in the Cleopatra Pool.  Read Also: You Cannot Miss These Unique Things To Do In Indiana | Explore The Hidden Gems To Visit Your Visa Guide: Turkey Transit Visa Information & Hong Kong Visa Processing Time Easiest Countries To Get Citizenship In 2025: Let’s Know The Names

BY  Ankita Sep 6, 2023

If you’re searching for family-oriented natural wonders and mouthwatering dishes, Pigeon Forge is an ideal selection for your forthcoming vacation. Nestled in the foothills of the glorious Great Smoky Mountains in Tennessee, Pigeon Forge offers a trove of experiential treasures awaiting your exploration, from embarking upon exhilarating activities to indulging in delightful shopping and relishing the mouthwatering offerings at various dining spots.Whether you're in the mood for a scenic drive along picturesque mountains or yearning to immerse yourself in the genuine warmth of local eateries, this charming mountain town promises an unforgettable escapade that will create a lasting memory.Pigeon Forge attracts millions of recreational visitors yearly since the place has something to offer for every travel enthusiast. If you’re looking to experience the best of this mountain town, you’ve come to the right place.Here Are Six Prime Ideas For Experiencing The Best Of Pigeon ForgeBelow, we’ll share some valuable tips to make your Pigeon Forge trip memorable:1. Experience the Comedy BarnThe Comedy Barn Theater in Pigeon Forge is a must-visit place, especially for families with kids. If you’re looking for a fun time to enjoy comedians, ventriloquists, barnyard animals, jugglers, and live country and gospel music, The Comedy Barn will surely live up to your expectations. Running for over 25 years, it’s one of the most attended and successful shows. What’s best is that you can even join in on the action and become part of the show.So, bring your kids and family for a fun night of theatrical comedy at The Comedy Barn, and make the most of your Pigeon Forge vacation.2. Explore DollywoodYou might have to plan an entire day of your schedule if you wish to visit Dollywood. Whether you’re looking to boost your adrenaline or seeking some thrill, this park offers various heart-pounding rides along with scenic views of the Smoky Mountains. From delicious home-cooked treats to strumming banjos, this theme park will have you coming for more. What’s best is that it’s perfect for visitors of all ages.So, the next time you’re in Pigeon Forge, TN, don’t forget to add Dollywood to your must-visit list. It’s also an ideal spot for those who don’t want to splurge too much on their vacation.3. Bask in the Great Smoky MountainsWhen in Pigeon Forge, don’t forget to plan trekking or hiking in the majestic Smoky Mountains. The mountains present a plethora of outdoor pursuits, including hiking, camping, angling, wildlife spotting, and a myriad of other engagements to satiate the nature enthusiast.Exploring the Great Smoky Mountains is genuinely enriching when you embark on a guided expedition led by knowledgeable locals. Who can provide valuable insight into the natural history of the region better than the locals? Amid the many choices, a favored endeavor is an excursion into the tumultuous currents via whitewater rafting, where you traverse the untamed rivers and streams within the park's confines. Whether you're looking for adventure or want to relax amid nature, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park offers a distinctive allure that resonates with diverse visitors.4. Buy Attraction Tickets OnlineFor tourist attractions, amusement parks, and other renowned activities in Pigeon Forge, there can be significant savings by purchasing your tickets online before arriving. Many of the city's major attraction websites offer discounts for pre-purchasing online that save substantial amounts from their regular gate prices. Shopping around for these bargains ahead of time is a great way to get more out of your vacation budget.Moreover, some online retailers offer additional discounts for bundled packages that combine multiple attractions into a single purchase at an even better rate. It pays to research and take advantage of these offers when possible, as you could save hundreds or thousands of dollars on tickets alone.5. Try Famous PancakesYou haven't experienced Pigeon Forge completely until you've tasted the popular pancakes. This delicious delicacy is eminent across the city and served at probably the best restaurants around. Whether you select classic buttermilk pancakes or something more intriguing like blackberry and cream cheese crepes, there's a different delightful flavor to choose from.Most pancake joints serve fresh-cut fruit and other mouthwatering sides to accompany your meal, making it an extraordinary method for starting your day before going out for outdoor adventures.Apart from pancakes, Pigeon Forge boasts other gastronomic delights you must try whenever visiting this mountain town. Southern barbeque, moonshine, fresh rainbow trout, homemade maple syrup, and many other options are available to satisfy your food cravings in Pigeon Forge.6. Stay in the Luxury CabinsBook one of the city's extravagant cabins when you're ready to rest your head after a long day of exploring. While lodging rooms are accessible in Pigeon Forge, they don't offer a similar level of solace as a lavish cabin. Whether you select normal or deluxe accommodations, they offer extraordinary conveniences and features that will make your visit memorable.From comfortable fireplaces to rich furniture and hot tubs, these lodges offer a level of luxury that you won't find elsewhere in the city. Also, many of them come with stunning mountain views that make for unforgettable experiences throughout your visit. It does not require mention that they come equipped with fully furnished kitchens. It allows you to save money on your vacation by cooking dinner in the convenience of your own cabin.ConclusionPigeon Forge is a tourist-loved, popular spot to discover, explore, and gain experiences that will last a lifetime. Whether you’re going for business, to immerse in nature, or to unwind, Pigeon Forge offers something uniquely amazing for everyone. With countless fascinating activities, attractions, and destinations to see – you’ll never be exhausted in Pigeon Forge.Visiting the famous comedy theater will prove worthwhile if you’re looking for fun and laughter. If you follow these tips for experiencing the best of Pigeon Forge, you will surely make unforgettable memories and fun stories to share with your family and friends. So, pack your bags and prepare for a delightful experience full of crisp mountain air and loads of fantastic discoveries.Read Also:For Adventure Lovers: 9 Exciting Things To Do In The Smoky MountainsWant An Adrenaline-Filled Activity? Try Zipline Smoky Mountains!7 Reasons To Take Your Kids To Gatlinburg

BY  Abdul Aziz Oct 19, 2023

This outdoor oasis in the South is a solid wanderlust attraction. A scenic city that is always on the move can be your next perfect weekend getaway. The city is bustling with energy, and on a typical afternoon, you will see its locals as well as weekenders venturing into the Tennesse River along with their boards and boats. The bikers go up and down the hilly streets through the town, running and walking down the pedestrian bridge and playing with frisbees in the numerous parks. The parks look neat, being hedged by bike lanes and carefully placed benches. Public art makes the town come alive with color and socio-cultural significance. The number of things that will stay with you long after you visit this town is too many, but one of them will be the food and the restaurants. There are also a lot of adventures to be had outdoors in this character-filled city. If you are looking for some weekend fun or a short trip to feel rejuvenated, this city is close by and has to offer a lot. This is going to be the best weekend spot for you, and we have brought you the best of it. Here are some of the most fun and memorable things to do in Chattanooga. Things To Do In Chattanooga hotels.com If you have thought about going away sometime and taking a break, but you can’t think of any place so far. Chattanooga could be a great option. Here are some of the best things things to do in Chattanooga that will stay imprinted on your memory. Tennessee Aquarium tnaqua.org One of the fun things to do in Chattanooga is visiting the aquarium. This aquarium maintains two buildings. There is River Journey which showcases the freshwater habitats from around the world, and Ocean Journey, where visitors are treated to the magnificent view of sea creatures and ocean life. It is recommended to spend at least three hours while visiting to take in a good fraction of the 10,000 animals that are here. If you are looking for things to do in Chattanooga with kids, they will love the adorable macaroni penguins and dreamy sea jellies. Try visiting on a weekday, as it gets busier on weekends, for a more authentic experience. If you are looking for free things to do in Chattanooga, the city also offers a free shuttle to get here, making the experience pocket-friendly. Lookout Mountain cntraveler.com There are three scenic attractions this mountain ridge has to offer. There is the Ruby Falls, Rock City, and the Incline Railway. The Ruby Falls is the United States’ deepest and tallest underground waterfall standing at 260 feet. Rock City is where one can see seven states from the iconic Lover’s Leap. And when you hop on the Incline Railway, you will be witnessing the steepest passenger railway on Earth. You need to spend a minimum of 4 hours at these mountains to gauge the highlights of the spot. Each of the three attractions has separate expenses, and the tickets are known to sell out fast. Raccoon Mountain Caverns wikimedia.org The Raccoon Mountain Caverns are located 1.3 miles off the I-24 at the Lookout Valley exit. It is less than 10 minutes from downtown Chattanooga. This mountain offers views of a cave in its natural state that has thousands of diverse rock formations. There are stalagmites, stalactites, flowstone, delicate soda straws, rimstone pools, columns, draperies, natural bridges, and a rare shield formation. It also offers many wild cave “spelunking” expeditions for all those who want to go deeper into the caves and explore the mountain. An expedition to the waterfall dome allows visitors to get to the place with the view of the tallest underground, unassisted, naturally flowing waterfall. Walnut Street Bridge pickyourtrail.com This is one of the best examples of the Phoenix wrought-iron truss bridges dating back to the years between 1884 and 1923. Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum wp.com This nostalgic train trip will offer aesthetically restored vintage locomotives and passenger cars that encase the intricate craftsmanship of ages long gone. The ride will take you through the beautiful Tennessee countryside that has awe-inspiring views bound to make you reflect on the simpler times of the past. The museum’s exhibit has an impressive set of artifacts, old photographs, and other memorabilia that help bring the rich railroading history to life. The staff here are highly knowledgeable and will eagerly share information on railroad history while being dressed in period attire. The experience will provide you with lots of fascinating insights whether you are a history buff or otherwise. Ruby Falls simpleviewinc.com This one is the deepest and tallest underground waterfall that is open for public access in the States. There are guided tours such as the classic waterfall tour, the lantern tour, and the extended cavern experience tour. The tour will take you along its beautiful cavern trail to a gorgeous waterfall that is surrounded by old geological formations that took millenniums to form. There are also extensively picturesque views of the Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee Valley, and the Tennessee River from the top of the Lookout Mountain Tower. The tours fill up pretty quickly. You must purchase the tickets online in advance for increased availability. Chattanooga Whiskey Experimental Distillery chattanoogawhiskey.com One of the other things to do in Chattanooga for adults is visit the whiskey distillery. This distillery is the first ever to craft whiskey in Chattanooga in over a hundred years. It boasts over 100 different barrels that mature in an aging cellar. Each visit to the distillery is an ode to the past, present, and future of hand-made bourbon. You can reserve a tour & tasting trip to check out their latest craft. This can also be one of the things to do in Chattanooga for couples. You must be 21+ with a physical and valid ID. Creative Discovery Museum This museum is a hands-on children’s museum at the very heart of downtown Chattanooga. It is known to inspire children of all ages to innovate, explore, play, and create. The exhibits are designed to entertain as well as educate children on exploring the world around them. They are pushed to become inquisitive about art, science, music, water exploration, and dinosaur digging. It was rated number #7 by Trekaroo of the children’s museums in the U.S. in 2015. Wrapping Up Chattanooga sure has everything you could want for a short trip away from the hustle of the city. If you want to know about things to do in Chattanooga this weekend, we hope this article gave you a headstart. If you have thoughts to share or questions to ask, please leave a comment below. We would love to hear from you! Read Also: You Won’t Believe The Best Things To Do When In Fiji! 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