Free And Cheap Things To Do In Phoenix, Arizona | Phoenix Travel Guide On A Shoestring

BY  Mashum Feb 26, 2019

The cost-of-living caps the fantastic landscape and culture that Australia has to offer and explore.  For many tourists and Australians, it is much cheaper to travel abroad and explore other countries. However, traveling around Australia is incredible and can cost you minimal amounts if you are aware of the budget-friendly travel ideas in Australia.  So, before you plan a trip to Australia, learn the art of sticking to a budget. Budget-Friendly Travel Ideas in Australia The cost of traveling should never be a constraint if you want to explore the beautiful land of Australia. Let’s head straight to the most practical and budget-friendly travel ideas in Australia. 1. Stay In Hostels This tip is more relevant to Australia even though it applies to all parts of the world. Most hotels in Australia are costly, mainly if you are operating on a budget. If you wish to have a less luxurious sleep, you will save a lot of money.  2. Camp You can even try camping if you want to be more adventurous. It will help you save a lot of money. The cheapest way to explore Australia is by getting around and camping at different campsites.  There are several free camping spots around Australia, although there will be areas where you will need to pay for your campsite. Even then, the fees may be as little as $5 per person. You will get access to showers and toilets, which aren’t always available on the open road. 3. Prepare Your Meals Even if you decide to eat in a fast-food joint in Australia, it will not give you much change from $10. Besides, you can bring havoc to your body by substituting main meals with fries and burgers.  Make sure that you are getting food that will support healthy living. You can achieve this objective by preparing your food. It is much cheaper than relying on ready-made food.  Most parks in Australia provide public BBQ facilities free of charge. All you need to do is buy some veggies or meat from the local supermarket and get some grilling.  If grilling every day is not your thing, make good use of the available kitchens in the hostels. Use them to prepare your meals. You will realize a significant difference in your bank account.  4. Purchase Your Booze Bottle-O Bottle-O refers to the liquor shop or bottle shop. This store sells alcohol at a lower price than the ordinary bars. You will get affordable liquor deals in this place. Most budget drinkers like to go for the Goon, which is a cheap boxed wine.  5. Use A Private Vehicle to Commute  In Australia, you must get around by car if you want to explore the country. You can do it either by purchasing a vehicle temporarily or hiring a car for your travels. However, these two options can be slightly expensive.  You can use comparison sites such as Car Rental Buddy or Car Hire Choice to find and compare vehicles. Alternatively, you can opt for campervan hire from Camper Champ. You will not fail to get a cheap deal when it comes to commuting in Australia. 6. Travel On Greyhound Bus Most backpackers like to use this option as their preferred means of transport. It is among the cheapest modes of transportation in Australia.  You can get a travel pass for approximately $500. It will allow you to hop off and on as many times as you would like. It is an excellent way to view the fantastic scenery of Australia. The good news is that you will not spend so much on these journeys.  7. Participate In Homestays or Couch Surfing Accommodation in Australia is expensive, even for backpackers. So, if you want to explore Australia cheaply, take advantage of staying at homestays or even Couch-surfing in people’s homes. It will help you get free accommodation in exchange for cultural learning and community interaction. 8. Purchase A Campervan This option is best if you are traveling as a group. It will help you to spit the gas among yourselves. Driving via Australia is exciting, but you can still make your trip more enjoyable.  One way is to purchase a campervan in Cairns and then drive down to Melbourne or the other way around. Even though driving is more expensive than flying, you will stop anywhere you wish. Besides, if you have a big campervan, you can still use it for accommodation.  9. Have Fun by Participating in Active Hobbies Australians (particularly in the north) are known for their outdoor lifestyle. Therefore, you can join them and have a lot of fun outdoors. You will not spend lots of money when you pursue your hobby.  You can try scuba diving, snorkeling, skiing, bungy jumping, and a lot more, thanks to its vivid landscape and coexistence of various geologies. 10. Spend Most of Your Time with Nature Australia has so much when it comes to natural beauty, and this offers a free experience. You can get into the botanical gardens in Melbourne for free. Also, you will not pay anything to visit the beach.  You can also hike via the Royal National Park or Sydney’s Blue Mountains. You will not spend even a single cent when interacting with nature.  11. Hiking  There are several scenic walking trails in Australia that you can explore. Do you want to hike along the Australian coastline and admire the beaches? Or do you want to hike up mountains to get a view of the Australian landscape? You will be able to find an abundance of exciting hiking trails for your adventure. You will get excellent hiking opportunities at no cost in Australia.  12. Check out the Galleries and Museums Unlike the rest of the world, the galleries and museums of Australia are free to get in. Therefore, if you are tired of the outdoor experience and want to get a feel for the culture, museums are your best bet.  The best place to start is the National Gallery of Victoria. You can also try out the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Both locations will give you fantastic opportunities to tour Australia at budget-friendly rates.  13. Cycling In some cities, there are cycling initiatives that you can take advantage of while visiting Australia. In Brisbane, it is possible to cycle for up to half an hour for free using their city hire bike scheme. There are several cycling trails that you can also explore around the city. 14. Swimming At the Beach  Australia boasts thousands of kilometers of coastline where you can go swimming and enjoy yourself at the beach. Whether you decide to stop in a major city like the Gold Coast or head to a quieter town such as Airlie Beach, there will be an option for you. 15. Fishing  If you can get yourself some fishing rods, you can go fishing at a local creek, dam, river, or beach. 16. Barbecues One thing that is unanimous with all Australians is their love for an excellent outdoor grill. Having a barbecue meal with your travel group is also one of the most budget-friendly travel ideas in Australia. You can head to the supermarket and buy a loaf of bread and sausages for a tonner. You will enjoy a barbecue in the company of friends. Conclusion  These are just a few of the budget-friendly travel ideas in Australia. You don’t have to break the bank to have a good time. There are plenty of things to see and do in Australia. You must be open to the different experiences the region has to offer. From Kangaroo Island to the Barossa Valley, Australia has scenic beauty that you can soak in without burning a hole in your pocket. So, make a budget and stick to it to have a happy and hearty journey!

BY  Sibashree Jul 29, 2024

Kenai Fjords National Park is a place rich in biodiversity. Like the Dry Tortugas National Park, it also harbors a diverse marine ecosystem and a wide range of birds.   Further, it is an elusive land of glaciers, icy lands, rocky mountains, and green canopies. It is also the park where you can take part in activities like hunting, fishing, petting at Exit Glacier, boating, and kayaking. However, the most fascinating activity to do here is watching wildlife.   Here, I will be your entourage in finding how the wilderness becomes alive at the Kenai Fjords National Park.   Exploring Kenai Fjords National Park Wildlife   The Kenai Fjords National Park has one of the highest footfalls among the national parks of America. In 2023, 387,525 people visited this National Park thanks to its wildlife and the most dramatic landscape with glaciers, mountains, ocean, and valleys. (Source)   Further, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game explains why and how the geographical features of the National Park make it rich in wildlife and biodiversity. About the habitat, it says,   “The park contains shallow bays and estuaries, and deeper marine habitats. Regional currents drive nutrients into outer Resurrection Bay, making that area especially rich in fish and an early location for spring bloom of plankton and algae. Cliffs and rocky shores create nesting sites for birds and haul-out areas for marine mammals.”  Do you want a slice of wildlife at this park where whales and mountain goats cohabit in the most amazing way? Let’s explore.   However, if you are more interested in amphibians and reptiles, the Everglades National Park will be your go-to destination.   Whales At Kenai Fjords National Park Wildlife  Watching the whales is one of the best activities to do at Kenai Fjords National Park. You can see the whales here throughout the year.   The table below presents a sneak peek into the different species of whales and their best viewing time.  Type of Whale  Best Viewing Time  Humpback Whale Mid-May to August Orca or Killer Whale Mid-May to June Gray Whale Mid-April to May Fin Whale May to September  You can easily spot whales on the surface of the water. As they spout, fluke dive, breach, or spy hop in the water, you will get to know about their playful nature.   The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ensures that cruising companies and visitors maintain respectful behavior when they are on whale-watching trips.   Other Sea Mammals At Kenai Fjords  Kenai Fjords is home to many sea mammals along with various species of whales. Don’t forget to catch a glimpse of Dall’s Porpoises, harbor seals, sea otters, and sea lions.   Dall’s Porpoise  Dall’s Porpoises look like orcas but are faster. They eat lanternfish, octopus, and squid.   Harbor Seals  You will find these cute sea mammals resting around active glaciers. They also stay on ice floes. They love to eat shellfish and fish.   Sea Otters  You will spot the playful sea otters swimming on their back in the water. They love fish, crabs, sea urchins, and squids.  They are furry, and the funniest thing is to see them using their bellies as tables. For sure, you will want to grab a soft toy version of these sea mammals.   Stellar Sea Lions   Stellar sea lions are an endangered species, and they stay on the icy shore of the sea. They have reddish fur, and they are 6-8 in height.  These mammals survive on fish and mollusks.   Birds At Kenai Fjords  From the NPS archive, a historical document on Kenai Fjords National Park says,   “Kenai Fjords provides habitat for at least 191 species of birds. The black oystercatcher spends most of its time feeding in the rich intertidal zone. Tufted and horned puffins nest in rock crevices along the coast. Bald eagles patrol the waters in search of salmon and other fish.”   It’s time we meet the birds and learn briefly about them.   Horned Puffins  These beautiful birds have unique black horn-like markings over their eyes. The touch of red on the tip of their beaks further makes them easily distinguishable.  You must visit the Kenai Fjords from mid-May to August to catch a glimpse of these birds.   Bald Eagles   You may catch bald eagles preying on fish and waterfowl. They get their name from their white-feathered head.   Peregrine Falcons  Known for excellent hunting abilities, peregrine falcons have a vibrant touch of yellow around their eyes and on their beaks.   Along with these birds, you can also see birds like the common murre, black-legged kittiwake, and cormorant at Kenai Fjords National Park.   Land Mammals At Kenai Fjords  Mountain goats and brown and black bears are common at Kenai Fjords. The mountain goats have split hooves for a better grip on the mountains and on the snowy land.   Further, many people visit the Kenai Fjords only to meet black and brown bears. These bears love eating fish, berries, and other vegetation.   Final Words   Global temperature changes and glacier melting have challenged the vast wilderness at Kenai Fjords National Park. Further, the movements of crustal plates beneath the Earth's surface make the landscape and its ecosystem volatile.   So, there is nothing permanent about the animals found in this park, stretching over 1000 square miles of water and land. Also, it is impossible to know about all the species habituating here thanks to the geographical nature and dramatic differences in weather conditions across seasons.  Nevertheless, as you take a tour of this rich national park on a cruise or explore its various parks, make sure to abide by the safety norms. Respect nature and its inhabitants!  This is the best way to experience the natural abundance the park is known for.   Do you have plans to visit the Kenai Fjords anytime soon? What do you find the most amazing thing about it? Don’t forget to share your ideas with us!   Wildlife At Kenai Fjords National Park: FAQs  What Animals Can You See In Kenai Fjords National Park?  Kenai Fjords wilderness is vivid. As you take a cruise trip or explore the National Park, you will notice the seals first, comfortable on the floating ice in the sea. Further, the male and female sea lions make their presence felt on the icy seashore.   Kenai Fjords is home to many notable species of marine and land mammals. Also, you will find various birds here.  Whales, sea otters, Dall's porpoise, gray wolves, minks, and mountain goats are common animals here.   Birds such as puffins, bald eagles, and peregrine falcons will greet you as you visit this beautiful national park.   Can You See Bears In Kenai Fjords National Park?   Located at the edge of the Kenai Peninsula, Kenai Fjords has black and brown bears. Black bears are easily spotted, and they are more timid than brown bears.   The National Park Service has a set of safety guidelines, including not attracting bears with food and garbage and avoiding their personal spaces. Follow the norms to make your interaction with the bears delightful.   Can You See Northern Lights In Kenai Fjords National Park?   Yes, you can see the Northern Lights in Kenai Fjords National Park during the autumn and winter seasons. The night sky of Kenai Fjords looks like the most amazing melange of green, purple, blue, and green shades.   If you are a religious soul, you must visit the Virgin Mary Russian Orthodox Church with the Northern Lights dancing in the sky. It’s the most divine experience.   For a spiritual journey, watch the lights over the Seward boat harbor.   When To See Whales In Kenai Fjords National Park?  You can see whales in Kenai Fjords National Park throughout the year. However, if you want to watch a specific species of whale among the varieties seen here, you must plan a trip according to the right season.   The best time for watching gray whales is March and April. In these months, gray whales migrate to this part of the world through the Gulf of Alaska.  Do you want to watch the humpback whales? You can see them from May to October. They flock in large numbers from Mexico and Hawaii. They live in the water here as they can find nutrient-rich food for them throughout the summer.   In addition, Orcas or the killer whales are seen in mid-May and June. Moreover, if you are lucky enough, you will also see minke whales and fin whales in this area.   What Is Special About Kenai Fjords?   Your Alaska trip is incomplete without a visit to Kenai Fjords National Park, where you can see the best of the marine world. Also, it is the home to Northwestern, Aialik, and Holgate tidewater glaciers. Glaciers move relentlessly into the sea.   Further, it is the most picturesque landscape where mountains, an ancient icefield, valleys, cascading falls, forest canopies, and the great Pacific Ocean coexist. Thanks to this coexistence, Kenai Fjords National Park is rich in biodiversity. You will find humpback whales, sea otters, mountain goats and many species of birds in the National Park.   Designated as a National Park in 1980, Kenai Fjords National Park also protects various archeological and historical remains. The park has many prehistoric, protohistoric, and historic sites.   Archeologists still conduct surveys in this park to learn more about the human way of living and why it has changed over the years.   Also read Things To Do In Rocky Mountains National Park. Top 10 National Parks In Oregon That You Need To Explore In 2023! What Is The Best Time To Visit Glacier National Park? Find The Answer Here!

BY  Sibashree Apr 1, 2026

While Iran, one of the oldest countries in the world, is fighting back against the joint attack of the USA and Israel, it’s the correct moment to look back at the ancient civilizations of our world.  So, what is the oldest country in the world?  While some say it is Japan, some vouch for India, and China remains the oldest continuous civilization in the world.  Here, I have picked 10 countries that I can call the “Immortal Ten” because of the human resilience they have shown and how they have survived.  What Is The Oldest Country In The World?  The current geopolitical map, in fact, did not exist for a long time.  Most of the countries that are members of the United Nations came into being in the aftermath of 20th-century decolonization or the dissolution of Soviet-era empires.  But what lies under the modern borders and changing flags is a much deeper level of human history.  Although historians generally use continuous sovereignty to measure longevity.  However, a government can lose its sovereignty to an invader, but that does not necessarily mean the end of the culture.  The true measures of a lasting civilization are cultural continuity, the survival of language,  religion, social cohesion, and identity beyond the ruin of even the most magnificent palaces. So, each civilization that qualifies for this list has withstood conquest, colonization, or internal upheaval without losing its very foundation.  Here are the ten oldest civilizations that are still living today. 1. China, The Oldest Continuous Civilization In The World  China traces its origins back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC) over 3,500 years ago.  The oracle bone script of the Shang did not simply get lost like the hieroglyphics of Egypt or the cuneiforms of Mesopotamia. Instead, it gradually transformed into the modern Chinese writing system in use today.  Furthermore, the "Imperial Logic" of China, a centralized bureaucracy under moral guidance by Confucianism, was the charter of the Han Dynasty. It continued to be the underpinning even through the rise and fall of the many dynasties.  Even when the country was dominated by foreign powers such as the Mongols (Yuan Dynasty) or the Manchus (Qing Dynasty), they did not "unmake" China.  Rather, the new rulers were "Sinicized, " taking on the Chinese ways of administration and language so as to stay in power.  The present-day People's Republic of China utilizes a model of central governance that is reflective of the bureaucratic mindset of the emperors who ruled the country some two millennia ago. 2. Egypt: The Tital Of Antiquity  Egyptian civilization rose to prominence around 3100 BC under Pharaoh Narmer, at least in theory.  For 3,000 years, it set the standard for administration, engineering, and art.  The native religion faded with Christianity, and later Islam, and Coptic was mostly replaced by Arabic.  Still, the Egyptian character stayed rooted in the Nile.  Foreign powers, such as the Persians, Romans, Ottomans, and British, could never fully erase that identity.  Furthermore, Cairo held a central role in Islamic thought for centuries.  Today, Egypt remains the most culturally influential nation in the Arab world. The people have outlasted every empire that tried to control them. 3. Iran: The Persian Resilience  Iran, once called Persia, ruled the world from 550 BC when Cyrus the Great built the Achaemenid Empire.  The culture soaked up new rulers instead of losing itself.  After Alexander took over, he started wearing Persian royal clothes.  When Islam came in the 7th century through Arab rule, Persians embraced the faith but kept their language and built a unique style of art and religion. Thus, eventually, the formation of Shi'a Islam happened.  Farsi stayed strong with its roots unchanged and gave rise to poetry that shaped global thought, in particular through Rumi and Hafez.  Now, Iran's Islamic Republic stands where the ancient emperors once did, same land, same heartland, 2,500 years later! 4. India: The Land Of Spirituality India's story starts with the Indus Valley Civilization (c 2500 BC).  After it faded, the Vedic traditions in the Ganges Valley shaped Hinduism.  Also, the thing is, India has always had this "Diversity in Unity. "  It survived Mughal rule and the British Raj without giving up its core values or spiritual roots.  Local languages, epics like the Mahabharata, and daily life structures held strong through centuries of outside control.  After its independence from British Rule in 1947, India became the world's largest democracy, built on an ancient foundation that still holds together today. 5. Greece: The Land Of Philosophy  Greek civilization had its beginnings in the Bronze Age with the Mycenaeans (c. 1100 BC). Furthermore, its most flourishing period was the 5th-century BC "Golden Age" of Athens.  After the Greek city-states were absorbed by Rome to some extent, Greek culture became the very foundation of the Roman Empire.  In the Byzantine Empire, Greek was the language of the state as well as the church, and it was through these that Classical knowledge was preserved through the Middle Ages.  Even under four centuries of Ottoman rule, Greeks maintained their identity through the Orthodox Church and the use of their ancient language.  Moreover, when modern Greece was liberated in 1830, in essence, it was not a matter of creating a new identity. It was about celebrating a nation and a culture that has been around for three thousand years. 6. Japan: The Land Of The Oldest Continuous Hereditary Monarchy Japan has the world's oldest continuous hereditary monarchy, beginning with a legendary founding in 660 BC and first documented records in the 6th century AD.  It modernized rapidly during the Meiji Restoration in 1868 without losing its traditional values.  Furthermore, unified by one language and Shinto and Buddhism, Japan was never colonized by a Western power.  Even after World War II destroyed much of its infrastructure, the imperial institution stayed intact as a symbol of continuity.  Probably more or less, Japan's blend of advanced industry and old social norms contributes to its stability.  Today, the nation remains one of the most enduring civilizations in history. 7. Ethiopia: The Highland Fortress Ethiopia stands as a symbol of African endurance.  Its origins go back to the Aksumite Empire (c. 100 AD), which was among the earliest nations to adopt Christianity in the 4th century.  For over seven hundred years, the Solomonic Dynasty, which asserted its lineage from the biblical King Solomon, ruled the country.  The challenging terrain of Ethiopia enabled it to be the only African country that was never colonized (although it was under an Italian occupation for a short time in the 1930s).  The Ethiopian Orthodox Church and the Ge'ez script were cultural foundations. It preserved national identity and sovereignty when the rest of the continent was carved up by Europe. 8. Jewish Civilization Starting in the kingdoms of Israel and Judah more than 3,000 years ago, Jewish civilization stands as the most remarkable example of cultural resilience in history.  After the Romans destroyed Jerusalem, the Jews spread out worldwide in a diaspora. Normally, a nation without a territory would lose its identity in a few generations.  However, Jewish civilization, through religious law (Halakha), the Hebrew script, and a strong tradition of education, was able to survive as a "portable nation".  The founding of the State of Israel in 1948 was the political expression of a cultural memory that had been kept alive for over 2,000 years. 9. Armenia: The First Christian State Armenia has been located in the Caucasus region for at least 3,000 years.  It was the first country to make Christianity its official religion in 301 AD.  Yes, the Armenian people had many influences. The Persian, Roman, Ottoman, and Soviet!   They still maintained their unique alphabet (created in the 5th century) and their national church.  Not even the atrocities of the 1915 genocide were able to sever the cultural connection of the modern Republic of Armenia with its ancient Bronze Age heritage. 10. Korea: The Hermit Continuity The Korean culture started with the kingdom of Gojoseon. Further, its cultural identity resulted in a unified nation by the 7th century.  Surrounded by a peninsula, Korea had its unique Hangul script and Confucian values. Thus, despite cultural influences from China and a very harsh period of Japanese colonization (1910-1945), it never lost its identity.  Even though North and South are separate nowadays, they both have the same original myths, language, and sense of ancestors' pride.