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BY  Sibashree Sep 10, 2024

Lake Clark National Park is committed to subsistence. It’s a sincere effort not to impact the “physical and spiritual culture of Modern Alaska.” Further, the park authority wants to pass on the park’s history to the future generation and the public. So, it was not surprising when the park sought public opinion on the exploration of its mineral tracts (Johnson Tract).  Located in the Johnson River headwater, Johnson Tract is a polymetallic project, and mining of gold, silver, copper, zinc, and lead is possible here. Public comments on “transportation and port site easements” are invited so that there is better accessibility to Johnson Tract. However, the more important aspect of it is analyzing the environmental impact of the project on the park.  There will be the following activities, and the analysis report will likely be published in the fall of 2024.  Hydrological assessment Geotechnical assessment Surveys of cultural and natural resources  But that’s not all! There have been many published stories, such as “Dena'ina Ełnena,” “Canneries, Cabins, Caches,” and more on this national park. Moreover, storytelling by the Native community or the tradition of oral storytelling is still alive here as a part of the “University of Alaska Fairbanks program.”  The things I have discussed so far show how the park is focused on preserving its personal and shared identities. Now, I will delve into some related details and also talk about what makes Lake Clark National Park special in terms of places to visit and things to do.  Preserving History And Culture At Lake Clark National Park  Do you know the original name of Lake Clark? Dena’ina people call it “Qizhjeh Vena,” meaning “a place where people gathered lake.”  Further, the people of Dena’ina, or Athabascan culture, have made this region their home for thousands of years now. How they see the lake and the surrounding land as the main resource of their lives will change the common perspectives about this national park. It is not just a preserved space with wilderness, interesting landscapes, and scenic beauty! It is an account of human history.  Women were always taught to be independent in this culture. They knew how to set snares and ground squirrels. This was an important exercise so that they had to never be dependent on others for food.  Athabascan people, originally from Alaska, started residing here. Further, with time, they encountered people from Russia, the USA, Canada, and Western Europe. Thus, their way of living evolved. However, they have made an effort to preserve their old way of living, and subsistence is still the key to their lives.  I have already mentioned how the oral and written stories preserve the cultural spirit of the park for posterity. Further, the Natural and Cultural Museum of the park preserves many artifacts, geological samples, and ethnographic items so that you can learn about the physical, spiritual, and cultural transformations.  Here is a breakdown of the total 248,402 items preserved at the museum. Type of ItemNumbers Archeological Artifacts34,363Park Archive Documents202,397Historical Artifacts, Documents, And Photos4,663 Biological Specimens6,838Paleontological Specimens47Ethnographic Items16Geological Samples69Objects of Art 9 The museum specialists take special conservation measures to make these objects available for posterity.  These Are The Historically Significant Places In Lake Clark National Park And Preserve https://www.instagram.com/p/B_VbC2clywQ/ Many areas of the park have names in English and Dena’ina. The names in Dena’ina are crucial if you want to understand their significance and the story behind them. Here’s a brief list of the historical places to visit in this park.  Dena’ina Tinitun or Trails  Ancestral Telaquana Trail Tanalian Point Hnitsanghi’iy 'The Rock That Stands Alone' (Priest Rock) Qizhjeh Vena or Lake Clark Kijik (Qizhjeh) National Historic Landmark and Archeological District While the sites have historical significance, they also speak volumes about Dena’ina values and way of life. For example, the trails here show the importance of social, cultural, and ceremonial participation among Dena’ina people. Many also believe that these trails are like “geological and educational maps” for future generations.  Subsistence Is The Key At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve Dena’ina people believe that the wilderness and animals will be good. It is we, humans, who have to be respectful toward them. To adhere to this, people in Dena’ina culture develop a communal understanding, and learn how to make the most of the limited ecological resources available. To maintain the art of subsistence, the people of Dena’ina culture focus on the following aspects.  The Ethics of Taking Hunters need to donate some part of the meat to the ill, old people, and families. This exercise shows how the tribe prioritizes communal bonding. Further, along with food distribution, the exchange of knowledge and resources is equally important in this culture.  Hunting and Trapping https://www.instagram.com/p/B8M_BvyHeUx/ Hunting animals, especially caribou and moose, is important for survival. Further, the distribution of meat according to the “Ethics of Taking” also builds community cohesion.  Trapping is a year-long activity here. Small animals such as mink, river otter, and Alaska hare are trapped to support living. However, Dena’ina people learn the skills of not hurting others or non-targets while trapping small animals.  Plant Harvesting Dena’ina families use various parts of the plants for different purposes. They collect food from the plants, and some of the plants also have medicinal properties. Further, trees and plants are often sources of tools, fuel, wearable accessories, and ceremonial essentials for them.  Berries grow in abundance here. Northern black currant, crowberries, and blackberries are some common varieties. Crowberry and blackberry leaves are used to cure diarrhea. Further, the stems of crowberry have medicinal properties that cure kidney problems.  Fishing and Fish Camps Summer and fall are the seasons of salmon in the Lake Clark National Park and Reserve. During these seasons, this national park has the largest salmon migration in the world. Further, families reunite and celebrate, and tourists flock in great numbers to the park to see and catch salmon.  Pike, trout, grayling, and whitefish are other varieties of fish found here. In addition, there are Nundaltin Q’estsiq’ and other fish camps where fish is processed and a temporary community is built.  Ethnographic studies further support all these subsistence activities. These studies related to fishing and other outdoor activities and the art of Dena’ina people living around Lake Clark are crucial. These studies help the local people to respond better to the economic, environmental, and sociocultural changes.  Things To Do At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve The vast wilderness and unique geological features make Lake Clark National Park suitable for hiking, camping, boating, fishing, rafting, and many other outdoor pursuits. Make the most of your time at the park! 1. Rafting In The Wild River https://www.instagram.com/p/CeSJ6Hbo0gw/ Tlikakila, Mulchatna, and Chilikadrotna are three wild rivers in the park. All these rivers are great for rafting. However, you must adhere to the Alaska Office of Boating Safety guidelines to avoid mishaps.  2. Fishing https://www.instagram.com/p/Cvz9q0ns6ms/ May to October is the best season for fishing in the Lake Clark National Park. Lake Clark is the main fishing hub here, and you can also explore Crescent Lake and Silver Salmon Creek.  3. Hiking  https://www.instagram.com/p/CrgO6IoOATU/ Tanalian Trails are the most popular for your hiking expeditions in this park. You can walk to Tanalian Mountain, Kontrashibuna Lake, Beaver Pond, and Tanalian Falls.  Many hikers also try hiking the Lake Clark and Upper Twin Lake trails.  4. Bear Viewing  https://www.instagram.com/p/C9kRPM2OYmi/ Silver Salmon Creek, Chinitna Bay, and Crescent Lake are the best sites for bear viewing in Lake Clark National Park.  5. Camping  https://www.instagram.com/p/BCO9H6jgnnr/ The area near Hope Creek is suitable for camping. Cook Inlet Coast is another place where you can put up your camps.  Knowing The Wildlife At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve Lake Clark National Park And Preserve is the place where you will get to see a bear in the stream and coming out with a salmon between its teeth. Very few people know that this national park is home to as many as 37 terrestrial animals and 187 bird species.  Nonetheless, have a look at the table below to learn about the animals you will meet at this national park.  MammalsBrown bearsBlack bearsDall sheepCaribouWolvesMooseBirdsGolden-crowned sparrowBald eaglesGolden eaglesTrumpeter swansSea ducksOlive-sided flycatcherFishSockeye SalmonArctic GraylingRainbow troutPike Did You Know? People in the Lime Village believe that olive-sided flycatchers and golden-crowned sparrows announce the arrival of the salmon season (around 3.1 million every year).  Birds are seen around the inland lakes, mountains, and coastal areas.  Before You Set In… Lake Clark National Park is a place less trodden by. Here is a quick glance at the things you need to know.  Established: 2nd December, 1980 Area: 4,030,006 Acres Number of Visitors: 16,728 (2023) Best Time to Visit: Late Spring to Early Fall Highest Point: Redoubt Volcano (10,197ft) Visitors Center:  Port Alsworth Visitor Center  Entry Fee: Free Best Mode of Transport: Small Planes Run by Authorized Air Taxi Companies Yelp Rating: 4 Star Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.

BY  sagnika Aug 19, 2023

It was before me, but I have heard stories! Northwest Airlines' legacy was a legend, especially in the 1920s. What do you know about the airline? Let's discuss its features and drawbacks, giving you an idea of what today's airline brands are not! We need to know people's perspectives before we identify what went wrong! The bankruptcy resulted from the airline's inability to adapt to the changing trends of the low-cost carriers that ruled the 21st century. The rising oil prices and the slowing economy impacted the carrier's status! In this article, I will discuss some of the passengers' good experiences with the Northern Airline, considering it operated for a long time. We will also highlight some of the airlines' drawbacks based on the reviews of people from as early as 16 years ago! Journey To The Skies: Exploring The Legacy Of Northwest Airlines! To learn about the legacy of Northwest Airlines, we need to read about the first account-based narration that will show us the extreme competition under which the airline broke! Delta spent almost $2.8 billion acquiring Northwest, which had 309 aircraft in its fleet! The concern is that a flight company with 309 flights should not be shut down, but it shows that the brand needed to be more efficient. In the later few years, the company had serious maintenance issues with the flights, often leading to flight delays. I will be evaluating reviews about the airlines that will inform you about the way the airlines function. It will also make you aware of airline brands and their operations during the 1900s compared to low-cost airlines. About Northwest Airlines The airline has had several changes in its name over the years! So it can be confusing, but please bear with me as I discuss the important timelines of Northwest Airlines. The airline was founded in 1926 with the name "Northwest" and based in Detroit, Michigan. Initially, the airline moved mail across the United States but mostly focused on areas such as Minneapolis and the Midwestern cities of Chicago. It was late 1927 when passengers boarded the plane across the routes. It was in 1928 that the airline became an international one! Following mail scandals, the airline changed its name again to Northwest Orient Airlines. However, the airline's services were expanding, and by 1939, there were regular operations between Minneapolis and Chicago! Further destinations were added, such as Portland and Winnipeg. The airline further expanded its services to Asia and Japan by 1947. Manila, Hong Kong, Seoul, Shanghai, and other places were also included in the routes. With the Airline Deregulation Act passed in 1978, the airline expanded its services to the UK, Germany, and Scandinavia. In the 1990s and 2000s, with the rise of low-cost airlines, Northwest Airlines had tough competition leading to a loss of money. The direct services between the US and China could have done better! Further, in 2005 the demand fell along with the oil prices, especially with the 9/11 attacks. The Merger The airline was bankrupted in 2005; hence, they filed for bankruptcy protection! Once they were cleared after 2 years, they merged with Delta once it was approved at the end of the year 2008. The brand Northwest retired after the merging launch with Delta! Review Northern Airlines was doing well, especially when no other airline was in the market. With less competition, people were taking whatever they got! However, the airline faced severe issues with Northwest flight once the low-cost carriers came at the later end of the 2000s. The claims made by travelers who booked on this flight included all kinds of complaints starting from dumb staff to delays in flights. Another significant issue I have heard from people is that there was no announcement of flight delays. It isn't easy, especially when evaluating from the passenger's perspective. They might be coming from far off, and it would help if they were announced of the delay instead of waiting around the airport for hours! There are significant reasons why the airline closed, and if you read the drawbacks, I am sure you will know why! Benefits Certain features enabled the airline to function effectively in the previous days! However, in the long term, they could not maintain the quality of their services. Let me highlight the advantages that travelers experience when booking on NW Airlines flights. You would be charged if you ordered a specific meal or beverage on the airline. However, the snacks and water were free. The airfare was quite affordable, especially with the services Northern Airlines provided. It was quite a satisfactory price to pay for tickets at that time. Shortcomings Some of the shortcomings had the power to impact and influence the closing of the airline. It is because customers, at a certain point, became so dissatisfied with the services that the sales fell significantly. Along with the sales, there was also the issue of increasing oil prices, due to which the company needed help to function properly. Flight maintenance was deteriorating as it often became a significant reason for technical issues to crop up in aviation. It led to flight delays making passengers wait and suffer. One of my aunts once traveled on this airline and told me she had to wait a few hours due to technical glitches. Further, the staff members of Northwest Airlines have been stated as incompetent and lazy by many customers who have boarded flights. According to a review in Customer Service Scoreboard, an anonymous assessment informed that the company is failing its quality customer service. The seating space was quite cramped as the aircraft was smaller in size. It created severe issues with people having long legs. Matters were also faced by senior citizens who consistently suffered due to the seating arrangements and comfort. What Do We Know? So, Northern Airlines might be one of the best airlines at some point in history, but like the mighty dinosaurs, it could not adapt to the changing needs and times. The airline's downfall started in the 2000s when the low-cost carrier made it difficult to survive! Customers were also dissatisfied with the airline. Hence, the sales of tickets also dropped. It led to further economic losses along with the increasing oil prices. Comment below regarding your perspective of Northern Airlines and what they could have done to survive! Read Also: This Is My Experience With Play Airlines! Here’s What I Found Out About Aha Airlines! Condor Airlines: Is Booking Tickets On Condor Worth It? 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BY  Abdul Aziz Nov 22, 2023

AirTran Airways was an American low-cost airline originally headquartered in Orlando, Florida, which ceased operations after the acquisition of Southwest Airlines. AirTran Airways was founded in 1993 as Conquest Sun Airlines under the management of two small airlines, Destination Sun Airways and Conquest Airlines. They operated mainly Boeing 717s and 737s. It shuttled flyers around the US Midwest as well as the East Coast and stayed in business for 21 years. Why does it not operate anymore? What happened to AirTran? AirTran: A Brief Look Back Conquest Airlines' co-founder Victor Rivas was one of the founders of Conquest Sun. Who bought AirTran? AirTran Corporation in 1994 purchased the airline and renamed it AirTran Airways. It later exited from AirTran Corporation's new holding company, Airways Corporation. The holding company of ValuJet acquired the airline, and the holding company of Airways Corporation in 1997, which owned the struggling ValuJet Airlines. ValuJet's holding company became AirTran Holdings and merged with ValuJet Airlines' AirTran Airways. ValuJet Airlines, in turn, became "AirTran Airlines" before merging with AirTran Airways. Southwest Airlines acquired AirTran Airways and parent company AirTran Holdings on May 2, 2011. It gradually integrated them with AirTran's last revenue flight on December 28, 2014. It operates nearly 700 flights per day, primarily in the eastern and midwestern United States, with its main hub at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport serving nearly 200 daily departures. AirTran's fleet consisted of Boeing 717-200 aircraft, of which it was the largest operator in the world, and Boeing 737-700 aircraft. AirTran History Image Source: community.southwest.com This was founded in 1993 as Conquest Sun Airlines and began operations as an original Boeing 737-200 that flew to and from Orlando. AirTran Airways was founded by the management of both Destination Sun Airways and regional carrier Conquest Airlines. The founding of Destination Sun Airways is unclear. Which claims Destination Sun was founded in 1991 by former Northeastern International Airways CEO Guy Lindley and that the airline was formerly known as SunExpress and was based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Another source claimed that Destination Sun was founded in 1990 by a group of pilots, presumably former Eastern Air Lines pilots, as AirTran management later claimed that it was founded by former Eastern Air Lines employees. Rafael Rivas and Victor Rivas founded Conquest Airlines in April 1988 in Texas. Victor Rivas, one of the founders of Conquest Airlines, was also closely involved in the founding of Conquest Sun Airlines. In 1994, AirTran Corporation, the holding company of Minneapolis-based Mesaba Airlines, acquired Northwest Airlink from Northwest Airlines, with hubs in Minneapolis and Detroit. After the purchase, the airline changed from Conquest Sun Airlines to AirTran Airways to match the name of the holding company. The airline moved its headquarters to Orlando and grew to 11 Boeing 737s serving 24 cities in the eastern as well as midwestern United States, offering low-cost vacations to Orlando. In 1995, AirTran Corporation established a new subsidiary called Airways Corporation and placed it under the new subsidiary; AirTran Corporation then separated from the new Airways Corporation, becoming an independent holding that also owns AirTran Airways. After the separation, AirTran Corporation became Mesaba Holdings after its subsidiary Mesaba Airlines separated from AirTran Airways. AirTran Corporation/Mesaba Holdings then became MAIR Holdings, which liquidated in July 2012. Latest Developments On September 27, 2010, Southwest Airlines announced the acquisition of AirTran Airways and parent company AirTran Holdings for a total of $1.4 billion. The deal gave Southwest a significant presence in many AirTran hubs, including Atlanta (at the time the largest US city without Southwest service) and Milwaukee, as well as expanded service to Baltimore and Orlando. With the acquisition, Southwest added international service to several leisure destinations such as Cancún, Montego Bay, and Aruba. Southwest integrated AirTran's Boeing 737-700 series fleet with the Southwest Airlines brand and design, after which the Boeing 717 fleet leased out to Delta Air Lines beginning in mid-2013. The airlines planned to complete as well as close the deal within two years, with the two airlines operating as separate carriers in the interim. The deal closed on 2 May 2011, and the airline won a license on 1 March  2012. The full integration of all employee groups between the two airlines ended in 2015. On February 14, 2013, Southwest Airlines announced that it had entered into a codeshare agreement with AirTran. They took the first step on January 25, 2013, launching joint routes in five markets. As of February 25, 2013, Southwest continued to launch joint routes with 39 other markets. By April 2013, joint routes were to be available in all Southwest and AirTran cities (both domestic and international). Southwest announced that the integration would end on December 28, 2014, when AirTran Airways Flight 1 will be the airline's last Boeing 717-200 (N717JL) departure from Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport (ATL) to Tampa International Airport ( TPA). The flight used the call sign "Critter" as a nod to ValuJet. This route and flight number was Valujet's first flight. Read More: Top 10 Airports In The USA: Navigating Excellence In Air Travel Reviews From AirTran Flyers Image Source: chestertravels.com AirTran has had quite a journey in all these years, and so did its passengers. Here are some of the reviews from people after their flight with AirTrans. 1st Review "I was given business class, which I was quite thrilled about. The seats are much bigger in this area and I felt comfortable the entire time. The arm rests were actually big enough for me to use as well. I was given a drink and a snack as soon as I boarded the plane - I did not have to wait like the people in coach. I was also offered more drinks and snacks throughout the flight. It is a small perk, but it is nice. It was also nice to be the first off the plane. I did not have to wait for everyone to debark first." - SharonSaver 2nd Review "I loved it! The employees were great and they even offered several snacks while in the air. It was my very first time riding on a plane, so I was kind of nervous. The Flight Attendant made me feel so relaxed and offered to sit with me if I needed it, then. Although I declined the offer, it was nice to know that an airline would go the extra mile for their customers. Every time I travel, I go with AirTran because they know how to treat you." - mrsyoung1983 3rd Review "I fly to Orlando and LAX several times a year and the only company I'll fly with is Airtrain! They are one of the few airlines that offer convenient non-stop flights from my local airport. And their flights are always more than $100 cheaper than the other airlines. Their flights are ALWAYS on time. Knock on wood here, but I've never had a delayed Airtran flight. In fact, most of my flights arrive at their destinations a few minutes early. The staff is outstanding!" - jenniandtonyx1 Wrapping Up AirTran Airways was a beloved low-cost airline that operated for 21 years. It offered affordable flights across the US Midwest as well as the East Coast. The airline's history overlaps with that of several other airlines, including Conquest Airlines, ValuJet Airlines, and Southwest Airlines. They ultimately acquired AirTran Airways and its parent company, AirTran Holdings. AirTran Airways is no longer in operation. But its legacy lives on in the hearts of many who fondly remember their journeys on this iconic airline. If you have thoughts to share or questions to ask, then please leave a comment below. We would love to hear from you! Read Also: This Is My Experience With Eva Air! This Is What I Felt About Aruba Airlines! Flair Airlines Review: This Is How I Feel About Flair Airlines! Fly In Style: Your Ultimate Guide To Lot Polish Airlines Adventures!