Which Is The Best Time To Visit Spiti Valley? – Travel Guide

BY  Sibashree Oct 29, 2025

São Tomé and Príncipe is about to take a significant step in developing a sustainable tourism sector. The sustainable tourism sector will be further well-balanced in terms of the economic indicators.  The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the United Nations Resident Coordinator’s Office will support this move. In this context, the country will hold a United Voices for Sustainable Tourism dialogue on 30th October 2025, and there will be a technical validation workshop on 29th October.  It will be the second phase of the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) Development Project that will give São Tomé and Príncipe a strategic tool to measure the economic contribution of tourism to the nation’s wealth. Thus, it will establish why leveraging tourism is crucial for the sustainable development and economic diversification of the country.  Furthermore, the latest workshop before this dialogue, held on 15th to 18th September 2025, has highlighted the 11% contribution of the country’s tourism sector to the GDP and 10% of the Gross Value Added (GVA).  With the country taking a step forward in sustainable tourism, the São Tomé eco-lodges are also going to play a critical role. With the use of renewable energy, community involvement, local sourcing, and sustainable architecture, these lodges are also helping us to travel green.  In this blog, I will introduce the popular and lesser-known São Tomé eco-lodges, what practices they follow, the hidden gems of São Tomé and Príncipe, and more.  What Makes An Eco-Lodge In São Tomé Truly Sustainable? Before diving into the list, let’s define what sets a true eco-lodge apart: Renewable energy sources (solar, hydro) Local sourcing of food and materials Waste reduction and water conservation Community involvement and fair employment Eco-certifications or transparent sustainability practices Popular São Tomé Eco-Lodges The best eco-lodges in São Tomé and Príncipe for sustainable travel are committed to preserving the community and nature of the islands. Many of these eco-lodges also support conservation efforts and organize nature walks to help the visitors understand the local ecosystem.  Nevertheless, here are the most popular ones.  1. Omali Lodge (São Tomé) View this post on Instagram A post shared by dr. András Peres (@drandrasperes) With policies governed by the Biosphere Responsible Tourism standards, Omali Lodge. It has the Biosphere Responsible Tourism certification. It is a leader of sustainable tourism in São Tomé and Príncipe.  Local artists and craftsmen are involved in the operations of the Omali Lodge, staying true to its commitment to community development. Furthermore, the menu here focuses on national dishes prepared with locally-sourced ingredients.  However, it offers adequate Wi-Fi connectivity. So, if you are not looking for a complete digital detox and want to work remotely, then it is also a good choice.  2. Bom Bom Island Resort (Príncipe) View this post on Instagram A post shared by Maria Helena Vinhas Frade (@mhvf) The Bom Bom Island Resort is the first African hotel to receive the Biosphere certification from the Instituto de Turismo Responsable (ITR).  Currently, the main aim of the hotel is to go completely diesel-free in its daily operations. The hotel has 68 local workers, as Sérgio Duarte has mentioned in a recent conversation with the Sustainability Leaders United.  Furthermore, the hotel procures resources from the local producers. Also, it collects donations from the guests to invest in employee training programs. Thus, it helps in educating and empowering the community.  The experiences it offers are: Turtle watching Maria Correia waterfall trail hiking Birdwatching Parrot Peak trail hiking Roça Infante trail hiking Stand-up paddleboarding Snorkeling It is also a friendly accommodation for digital nomads with Wi-Fi connectivity, included within the accommodation package. Moreover, the main part of the resort is wheelchair-accessible.  So, it is one of the accessible eco-lodges in São Tomé and Príncipe.  3. Praia Inhame Eco Lodge (São Tomé) View this post on Instagram A post shared by PATRÍCIA PINHEIRO (@patrwisha) Claimed to be “Naturally Comfortable,” Praia Inhame Eco Lodge is one of the best eco-lodges with turtle watching in São Tomé. A local NGO, MARAPA, runs the Tatô Program to protect marine turtles in São Tomé.  Praia Inhame Eco Lodge has been working with this NGO since 2012. It has helped the NGO to implement this program on Inhame and Cabana beaches.  The wilderness and outdoor activities offered by this eco lodge are: Marine turtle observation Whale watching Birdwatching Diving Fishing Boat trips Moreover, places such as Hell's Mouth, Saint Sebastian Museum, St. Nicholas Waterfall, St. Thomas Peak, and Jale Beach are some nearby attractions of this eco-lodge.  In addition, it is one of the São Tomé eco-lodges with Wi-Fi connectivity. So, it is also a favorite of digital nomads who can travel and work remotely.  4. Sundy Praia (Príncipe Island) View this post on Instagram A post shared by HBD Príncipe (@hbd_principe) Sundy Praia has a dedicated team for waste management and recycling. Furthermore, it leads community cleaning drives to spread awareness about the impact of litter.  Also, the “screw-in” mechanism of the eco lodge’s architecture ensures a minimal impact on the environment of the island.  Moreover, located inside the beachside rainforest, it is indeed an eco lodge.  The experiences it offers are: Turtle watching Maria Correia waterfall trail hiking Birdwatching Parrot Peak trail hiking Roça Infante trail hiking Stand-up paddleboarding Snorkeling Moreover, you can be a part of the 3-hour Discover Santo António tour. Also, it is a favorite of digital nomads for Wi-Fi connectivity.  In addition, Sundy Praia offers wheelchair accessibility to make the travel experience more inclusive.  5. Roça Sundy (Príncipe) View this post on Instagram A post shared by Nina Scott (@nina.wolfs.scott) As part of the Príncipe Collection, like Sundy Praia and Bom Bom, Roça Sundy also follows that when you visit it, you make a Conservation and Communities Contribution (CCC).  You spend a night here, and they will contribute €25 for the environmental and community development of Príncipe. In addition, nearly 10% of the adults of Príncipe work with them.  Moreover, the experiences it offers are: Turtle watching Maria Correia waterfall trail hiking Birdwatching Parrot Peak trail hiking Roça Infante trail hiking Stand-up paddleboarding Snorkeling 6. Mucumbli Lodge (São Tomé) View this post on Instagram A post shared by Mucumbli Explore (@mucumbli.explore) Mucumbli Lodge overlooks the Atlantic Ocean, and it offers the quintessential eco-lodge experience with wooden chalets.  Furthermore, due to its unique location, it is one of the best remote eco-lodges for digital detox in Africa.  Lesser-Known Accommodations Following The Best Sustainable Practices In São Tomé And Príncipe Island The options for São Tomé eco-lodges are more varied than you can expect. Here are the lesser-known ones or the hidden gems.  1. Jalé Ecolodge (São Tomé) View this post on Instagram A post shared by IATI Seguros PORTUGAL (@iatisegurospt) Jalé Ecolodge offers beautiful sea views from all units. You can enjoy snorkeling nearby and have the best continental breakfast sourced from local ingredients.  2. Roca Monte Forte (São Tomé) It is the first rural tourism place to open in São Tomé. Here, you will be staying inside a cocoa plantation with history, and you will lead the quintessential Santomean farm life.  Furthermore, it offers easy access to nearby beaches in the northern area, such as Governador, Tamarindos, Conchas, and Blue Lagoon.  3. Domus Praia Jalé (São Tomé) View this post on Instagram A post shared by Domus Praia Jalé (@domuspraiajale) Domus Praia Jalé is the best location if you want to have good food and relax in nature. It has an on-site restaurant serving international delicacies made with local ingredients.  Also, they have a private beach where you can relax and listen to the waves.  Seasonal Travel Tips For Staying At The Eco Lodges In São Tomé and Príncipe June to September, or the dry season, is the best time to stay at the eco-lodges in São Tomé and Príncipe for mild weather conditions and wildlife watching.  1. For Whale Watching Bom Bom Island Resort in Príncipe and Mucumbli in São Tomé are some of the best eco-lodges for whale watching. July to October is the whale watching season here.  2. For Sea Turtle Nesting Praia Inhame Eco Lodge in São Tomé and Bom Bom Island Resort in Príncipe are the best eco-lodges for seeing turtle nesting. November to March is the ideal time for this experience.  Budget Breakdown: What Is The Average Cost Per Night At Eco Lodges In São Tomé and Príncipe? Here is a cost comparison between eco-lodges, not budget-friendly options. Find out the budget eco-lodges in the islands.  Name of the Eco-LodgeApproximate Cost Per Night/ Per Person (€)Omali Lodge222Bom Bom Island Resort250Praia Inhame Eco Lodge95Sundy Praia420Roça Sundy150Mucumbli Lodge45Jalé Ecolodge55 5-Day Sustainable Travel Itinerary In São Tomé And Príncipe Here is a quick 5-day sustainable travel itinerary in São Tomé and Príncipe.  DaysActivitiesDay 1• Staying at Omali Lodge• Visiting São Tomé city center and local marketsDay 2• Transfer to Mucumbli Lodge• Guided hiking and cacao farm visitDay 3• Moving to Praia Inhame Eco Lodge• Evening turtle tourDay 4• Flight to Príncipe• Staying at Sundy Praia• Exploring a biosphere reserveDay 5• Visiting Roça Sundy• Cultural tour and local lunch Hidden Gems In São Tomé And Príncipe If you want a deeper, more authentic connection to the islands’ nature, culture, and history, you must explore these hidden gems. 1. Malanza Mangrove Canoe Tour: Ideal For Nature Lovers And Photographers View this post on Instagram A post shared by Santo Tomé y Príncipe ESP (@santotomeyprincip) Take a canoe ride through the mangrove forests of southern São Tomé. It is a delightful eco-tour through waterways blessed by lush greenery, endemic flora, and a vibrant birdlife.  2. Pico Cão Grande: Enjoy The Best View From The Obo National Park Trails Pico Cão Grande is the most dramatic natural view you will enjoy here. This volcanic plug, with a height of 663 meters, is almost surreal.  3. Ilhéu Das Rolas And The Equator Marker: Best For Beach Lovers And Geography Buffs View this post on Instagram A post shared by Viagem a São Tomé (@viagem.a.saotome) Ilhéu Das Rolas is a small island off the south of São Tomé. You can take a boat ride here to stand on the equator line.  Also, you can explore the pristine beaches here and have a delightful snorkeling experience.  4. Roça São João Dos Angolares: Great For Cultural Immersion And Sustainable Tourism Roça São João Dos Angolares is an eco lodge that was formerly a plantation. It is also a cultural center. It offers cooking classes, storytelling events with local artists, and art exhibitions.  5. Boca Do Inferno (Hell’s Mouth): Visit During High Tide For Full Effect This dramatic blowhole on the southern coast of São Tomé is the perfect example of juxtaposition. Here, the waves kiss the volcanic cliffs with the water jets reaching the sky.  6. Praia Jalé Turtle Nesting Site Find the sea turtles nesting here during the November to March season. Praia Inhame Eco Lodge in São Tomé and Bom Bom Island Resort in Príncipe are the best places for watching turtle nesting.  7. Nova Estrela Viewpoint (Príncipe Island): Ideal For Sunrise Hikes And Drone Photography View this post on Instagram A post shared by HBD Príncipe (@hbd_principe) It is a beautiful viewpoint offering panoramic vistas of the rainforest and coastline of Príncipe.  8. Roça Água Izé: Offers Insight Into The Island’s Colonial Past View this post on Instagram A post shared by Francisco Almada Lobo (@almadalobo) It is an abandoned cacao plantation and is almost haunted. It stands out with its overgrown gardens and colonial architecture.  9. Whale Watching Off Príncipe: Best Enjoyed With Snorkeling And Diving Trips Humpback whales migrate to Príncipe through the waterways from July to September. Be a part of eco tours for respectful and sustainable viewing opportunities.  10. Rainforest Retreats At Sundy Praia: Perfect For Eco-Travelers Seeking Tranquility View this post on Instagram A post shared by Ramosdafrica (@ramosdafrica) Sundy Praia is a luxury tented villa in the rainforest of Príncipe. Enjoy yoga, guided nature walks, and conservation education. São Tomé And Príncipe Travel Planning Checklist Here is a list of things to do and things to avoid while planning a trip to São Tomé Eco-Lodges. Things to DoThings to Avoid• Checking visa requirements with the São Tomé embassy or consulate based on your nationality• Checking the availability of the co-lodges and booking them in advance• Plan your visit between June and October for wildlife watching.• Pack breathable clothing, reef-safe sunscreen, insect repellent, and rain gear• Bring malaria prophylaxis, basic meds, and travel insurance.• Check the requirements for a yellow fever vaccination.• Consider the limited availability of domestic flights to Príncipe and book early.• Not all eco-lodges offer transfers. You may have to take shared minibuses and taxis. • Carry some Dobra (STN) for transactions in rural areas. • Portuguese is the official language.• Kafuka or community gatherings are special here.• Avoid single-use plastics and respect wildlife viewing guidelines.• Support community-led tours, conservation projects, and local artisans• Save maps, lodge contacts, and embassy info offline before arrival, as some places will have limited network connectivity.• Not all “eco-lodges” are truly sustainable.• Not looking for transparency in energy use, waste management, and community impact.• Not carrying Dobra (STN) or Euros in cash, as ATMs are limited and not all facilities accept cards.• Medical facilities are basic. So, not having travel insurance with medical coverage or not carrying a medical care box can be a big mistake. • Missing out on the local cooking classes or visiting the villages is a mistake. • Using single-use water bottles and leaving litter everywhere São Tomé Eco-Lodges Are More Than Just Places To Stay Supporting local communities Supporting environmental development Protecting biodiversity Experiencing the authentic charm of the islands These are the benefits of staying in the best São Tomé eco lodges. Furthermore, these lodges are diverse and they offer luxury, simplicity, or cultural immersion in the most responsible way.  So, get ready for the most immersive experience at the best São Tomé eco lodges! 

BY  sagnika Oct 9, 2023

Have you heard about the Sea of Stars Maldives? Are you planning your honeymoon and looking for a starry night sky vibe? Please read the article to learn about the magical occurrence and its reason! What can be better than the glowing Island in the Maldives? One of the most beautiful natural wonders, the glowy beach is perfect for visitors and tourists to create a lifetime of memories. Maldives' Luminescent Secret: The Mesmerizing Sea Of Stars! There are reefs at the beach which show nature at its best! When the beach glows at night, it is a sight to see. It feels magical, especially because you will get privacy at the beach. In the article, I will be talking about why the Maldives Sea of Stars glows! People have still not crowded the place, so book the tickets to Maldives if you plan to travel somewhere this year. Read the article to learn about nearby places you can visit on the glowing Island! About Vaadhoo Island! Located in Maldives, Vaadhoo Island is a part of another island of Raa Atoll. The Island is quite small, with a population of 500 people! Due to the phenomena of glowing beaches or the Sea of Stars, the Island has become quite highlighted on the global tourism map. It was one of the best-kept secrets of the Maldives, but recently, it has become one of the most sought-after places for tourists worldwide! In 2022, the festive season of the Maldives was welcomed by plankton swarming everywhere! The phenomenon, "Redhan lun," is a powerful force of nature displayed across the Ocean, making the water glow! According to the ancient Maldivians, many stories and folktales respect and revere this phenomenon. The natives consider it an omen of power and majesty of the Sea. Even though the interpretation of the dazzling display, according to the Maldivians, is not as clear, it is quite visibly magical for both the natives and the visitors. The planktons run across the northernmost to the southernmost place of the beach! How Do You Visit The Glowing Beach? The Sea of Stars vaadhoo Island Maldives is well connected with different parts of Maldives; hence, reaching there is no issue! Male is the capital city of Maldives, and the distance between Vaadhoo Island and Male is 8 km! So, if you are questioning, where is the Sea of Stars located? You are booking a flight, check if it is landing at Velana International Airport, the main airport in Maldives! Vaddhoo Island is quite accessible from the airport as you can hire a speedboat, which will take approximately 15 minutes to reach! When you reach the Island, you will feel as if you have got paradise with its translucent water! The sun setting is another beautiful view you would forever like to keep as memories! It is one experience you must have on your bucket list if you are an offbeat traveler! What Is The Secret Of The Glow? The shining beach of Vaadhoo has a microorganism called plankton or phytoplankton! These microorganisms radiate under the Sea to glow a vibrant blue light; thus, at night, their glow makes the whole beach shiny and magical! The microorganisms are bioluminescent, and through a chemical process, they create light, making the whole Sea glowy and dreamy! These mysterious and unknown creatures create the natural phenomena of 'Bioluminescence.' It is one visual memory you want to save for the rest of your lives! Looking at the Ocean at night, it seems like all the stars are coming down from the sky, gracing the Sea and the beach! You can easily walk across the beach or swim in the water during this time. Worth it! You can try your luck in the Greater Male area, which is quite underrated. If you want, check out the Planktons; it is a beautiful place to visit at night! What Is The Best Time To Visit Maldives? The best time to visit Vaadhoo Island is during the summer months, between May to November. We are saying this because, during this time, the bioluminescent display is at its peak! People often think the time of the year matters when planning to visit the glowy beach! But it is the environmental conditions, along with the seasonal variations, that matter! To ensure that you check out the beautiful place, you have to calculate the optimal time to visit the beach. The environment influences the Sea of Stars during specific months! During the summer months, the population of the phytoplankton increases and thrives. Your chances of coming across these aquatic microbes increase during this time as a magical symphony of lights is created across the shoreline. Sea Of Stars: Instagramable Place To Visit! The intensity of the Sea of Stars during summer months increases as the bioluminescent dinoflagellates increase significantly. It is visual to watch at night, especially when the stars above and below create a celestial paradise for you! Imagine you visit the Sea of Stars in Maldives with your partner hand in hand, walking down the shore, or organizing a dinner for your little sister along with your parents on her birthday on the Vaadhoo beach. It is a perfect natural setting for the best people in your life and memories of a lifetime. Check out the instagram account @Vaadhootours, which has beautiful photos of the Sea of Stars! You can have a beautiful picture taken at the beach with stars above your head and below your feet. Rightly named the Sea of Stars, the aquatic microbes ensure their presence is felt! Pictures taken of glowing footprints or scrawls across the glowing sand are perfect pass time for children and even adults! The Sea then washes them away later, and with morning light, the blue fluorescent light fades away. Where To Stay When You Visit Vaadhoo Island? With the dark sky comes the light and the motion in the turquoise water of Maldives! The Ocean comes alive, which is otherworldly, so to check out the Sea of Stars, you need to book your accommodations close enough to experience the celestial glow of the water. I will tell you five places to stay for your vacation at Vaadhoo Island, and enjoy the heck out of your trip! Velassaru Maldives Want to experience the local culture? You have to book at the Velassaru Maldives, where luxury is at its best, along with the Gentle sand guiding you to the water's edge. Further, the spectacular view that you will be getting of the water from the property is incomparable. A tropical indulgence, Velassuru is the ultimate property, creating a perfect blend of nature and luxury! Services such as free internet, free breakfast, beach access, airport transportation, and canoeing make the whole deal worthwhile, with charges for rooms below $467.57! Embudu Village If you want something affordable, opt for Embudu Village at the South Male Atoll. The resort is situated on a private island which is 3 km long, so it is perfect for a stroll across the beach! It is the perfect idyllic natural hideaway if you want some alone time! The lush tropical vegetation, along with white beaches, offer you the ideal backdrop for a vacation. Services available in this 122-room property are airport transportation, baggage storage, spa, canoeing, internet, beach access, and bar! The charges of booking this property vary from $198.12 to $316.06 as it is one of the most affordable resorts available to enjoy the natural beauty of Maldives. There are rooms with private balconies on the pricier side! Taj Exotica Resort & Spa Maldives If you want to stay in one of the largest lagoons, this is it! The Taj Exotica Resort & Spa Maldives is an award-winning resort as they have created an alternative that combines nature and luxury. Water and beach villas are built amidst the largest lagoon in the Maldives! There are a variety of water treatment rooms along with world-class holistic treatment by Jiva Grande Spa! Charges for the rooms, suites, and villas vary between $683.25 to $893.95 with free high-speed internet, pool, and gym services. Further, you can go boating and have access to the beach and free breakfast! You can also access services such as books, music for the children, movie DVDs, and babysitting! Baros Maldives Based on 3971 reviews on Tripadvisor, Baros Maldives has been the best as they are rated 5 out of 5! With a shallow lagoon and marine life spread across the reef, this resort is located and the guests get the perfect tropical island experience. The villas are elegant, created with sandstone and timber, peacefully nestled among exotic blooms across the beach. Per night, they charge around $791.32 for rooms as there is a variety, such as suites, non-smoking rooms, bridal suites, and ocean views. Services include free high-speed internet, airport transportation, canoeing, a business center, free breakfast, a gym, and a pool for all guests! Club Med Kani - Maldives The resort is perfect for unwinding in the Maldives, within 2 km of swaying palms and powdery beach! They have all-inclusive services at the resort, so you can enjoy your stay along with experiencing some of the best underwater adventures, quite exhilarating. Per-night charges for the hotel rooms are $1282.34! Free services provided to the guests are free internet, outdoor play equipment for kids, canoeing, free breakfast, private beach access, a pool, and a fitness center. There are schools of tropical fish, snorkeling, and paddling across the shores that Club Med Kani Maldives Resort offers. There is a wide variety of cuisine, which will make your stay unforgettable! What Other Places You Can Visit From Vaadhoo Island? Apart from dipping your feet in the glowing Sea of Vaadhoo Island, there are other beautiful experiences that you can attain by visiting different places! On the Island, you cannot miss these natural events or experiences! Baa Atoll Biosphere Reserve It is the seventh-largest coral reef, with biodiversity shooting through the roof! You will see the plankton flowing through the coral reef, which maintains the food chain in the Baa Atoll Biosphere Reserve, thus sustaining 1200 species of fish. The total area of the coral reef is 139,700 hectares, including 75 Islands in Baa Atoll! Out of the 75, there are only 13 islands inhabited mostly by Maldivians, while there is only one Island with one tourist resort! A variety of aquatic and marine lives. If you look in the water, you will find some endangered species, such as Napolean wrasses, green turtles, tawny nurse sharks, and hawksbill turtles. There are mangroves across all the islands! Thilafushi: The "Rubbish Island" Maldives attracts 750,000 visitors annually, and this Island is paying the price of that as the rubbish produced by the tourists is all dumped, ditched, and piled like heaps of trash on the smooth white sand and tranquil blue water. The rubbing produced on a per-day basis is almost 3.5 kg! It was initially a collection of shallow coral reefs, but in 1992, the Male government decided to dump all the garbage here; thus, it has been since called the "Rubbish Island"! The land suffered severely from the 330 tons of trash. Then, the garbage excavators, migrant workers, and refuse freighters were used to handle the Island! Over the years, the Island has become hazardous while rubbish dumping has been stopped in 2011! It is a place you can check out if you are an environmentalist and want to make a study out of it. Keahole Point Blowhole During the winter months, you can check out Keyhole Point, located in Kailua-Kona town, in the western part of the Big Island. Spectators will be fortunate to see the mammalian blowholes, especially because not all are so organically and perfectly made! When the water rushes through the lava tube opening, which the low viscosity pahoehoe lava has created, the spouts of ocean water swell consistently, battering the rocks! Feeling Otherworldly Yet… Now that you know about the Sea of Stars Maldives, you must learn about some safety details! Bioluminescence is a natural phenomenon, so there is hardly any chance of getting hurt! Yet, considering the glowy water is an attraction for people, it can be an attraction for other animals and marine life predators. It is important to understand that even if you live in a resort, you must be careful when visiting the beach! Comment below about your plans to visit the glowing beach and why! Read Also: Portals To The Unknown: Exploring Natural Gravity Vortex! The Stairway To Heaven Hawaii: Hiking Adventure’s Hidden Gem Walking On Sunshine: Exploring The Magic Of Vietnam’s Golden Hand Bridge!

BY  Sibashree Sep 12, 2024

I stood before the remnants of the South Pueblo walls, looking over the Mission Church on an autumn day last year. Looking at the archaeological site and standing below the blue fall sky, I was transported to the time of the American Revolution.  Further, I could hear the noise of a bustling trade fair with people from the Pecos Pueblo community doing business. However, the historical importance of the park is much beyond its association with the American Revolution. It is also related to the Civil War in New Mexico and the Independence of Mexico.  So, with centuries of human history etched in every corner, the Pecos National Historical Park is an intersection of past tales and nature. To be honest, The Pecos Pueblo and Santa Fe Trail were the biggest highlights for me when I was at the national park.  Therefore, my ode to the park will start with brief accounts of these places. Then, I will talk about the Glorieta Pass, again a site of historical importance in the park. Finally, you will have a quick look at the park's wildlife.  Pecos National Historical Park: A Land Of Historic Wars And Revolutions  The history of human lives in the Pecos National Historical Park goes back to the Preceramic Period or the 11,500 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. However, the Pecos Pueblo site in the park became a prominent place in the history of the American Revolution in the Early Colonial and Pre-Revolt era.  Spanish people started interacting with the Pueblo people. Further, thanks to the Franciscan Missions, the Spanish rule wanted to have command over the economic life and beliefs of the Pueblo people.  Thus, the first seeds of the American Revolution were sown. To combat the oppression of the Spanish people, the Pueblo Revolt took place on 10th August 1680. As a result, the Spanish Government and Franciscan Friars were expelled from the southwest under the leadership of  Po’pay from Ohkay Owengeh. The Spanish Mission Church, built in 1625, was also destroyed in the revolt of 1680.  However, in 1692, the Spanish People further reclaimed the Pecos Pueblo and many other pueblos. Finally, the Pueblo people declined in numbers in 1700. Before, during, and after the first American Revolution, The Pecos Pueblo emerged as an important location with significant events around it!  Further, around 200 years later (1821-1846 C.E.), another site in the park, the  Santa Fe Trail, witnessed travelers, settlers, and everyone else passing through it. The trail was opened in 1821 after Mexico gained its independence from Spain.  The remains of Pecos Pueblo stood there! By the 1830s, the migration of the Pubelo people was complete, and everyone had shifted to the Pueblo of Jemez and continued their traditions.  Moreover, in 1862, there was the “Battle of Glorieta Pass.” On 26th March 1862, this battle between the Union forces and Confederates occurred at a 700 feet elevation.  The Pecos Pueblo Site Today  https://www.instagram.com/p/Cto5MWnS5Oa/ The rise of the Pecos Pueblo site occurred between 1350 C.E. and 1838 C.E. The Pueblo site had two units, the north and south, and could accommodate around 2000 people. Further, it had 1000 rooms. Therefore, Pecos Pueblo thrived as a busy trading center with trade fairs involving people from Rio Grande Pueblos, Plains Nations, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Coast. The flint arrowheads and shells found here explain the expansive stretch of the route.  Nevertheless, with time, Pecos Pueblo became instrumental in eliminating Spanish oppression and rule. Still, a drop in the trade, Comanche attacks, and diseases deserted Pecos Pueblo. By 1838 C.E., the last resident of the Pueblo had left and joined the Pueblo of Jemez.  Today, the site stands as a relic from the past. However, it is still equally important for archaeologists and historians.  The Santa Fe Trail  Do you know what the Santa Fe Trail marker near Kozlowski's Trading Post says? It says,  Santa Fe Trail 1822-1879 Marked by the daughters of the American Revolution and the Territory of Nex Mexico.  With the independence of New Mexico and the western territories becoming an annexure to New Mexico, the Santa Fe Trail became the route or passage to the westward movement. Naturalists, journalists, travelers, aspirants, traders, and others took this passage as part of the American expansion. Colonel Henry Inman’s “Stories of the Old Santa Fe Trail,” published in 1881, describes the trail well. If you are a history buff, you must read this book well before visiting the Santa Fe Trail today!  “Kozlowski’s Stage Stop and Trading Post” is the highlight of this trail. You can spend some time here to visualize travelers from the past catching some rest after a long journey through the trail. When on the trail, you can explore the remains of the Pueblo and the Mission Church. You can even consider taking a guided tour of the Forked Lightning Ranch.  Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail  https://www.instagram.com/p/B9xRKctnb3M/ Important Details About the Glorieta Pass Battle1. Reason for Conflict: Union forces and Confederates wanted to control the Glorieta Pass Route through the Sangre de Cristo mountains and the main supply center (Fort Union) for the passage of soldiers and supplies. 2. Contenders: The Confederates, with volunteers from Texas and under the leadership of General Shipley and the Union forces led by Colonel Canby, and soldiers from Fort Union, New Mexico, and Colorado. 3. Battle Begins: March 26, 18624. Reinforcements: 27th March, 18625. Battle Resumes: 28th March, 18626. Battle Ends: 29th March, 18627. Casualty: Death of 375 People 8. Consequence: The Union forces defeat the Confederates as they fail to ruin the Fort Union. Further, the Union forces maintain complete control over Southwest America.  The Glorieta Battlefield Trail is a popular hiking destination today in Pecos National Historical Park. It is a roundtrip loop, and you will have to cover a distance of 2.25 miles to complete your expedition. Further, the unpaved or graveled hiking route makes it moderately difficult for the hikers. In addition, there is an elevation gain of 152 meters.  You have to drive for around 7.5 miles from the main visitor center of the park. You will need to collect a gate code from the visitor center, which is your access code, to open the locked gate in front of the trail.  As you walk through the forest trail, you get to know more about the Civil War in New Mexico. Many infographics are installed throughout the trail, telling you tales from the past. In addition, there are wayside signs and 14 trail markers to explain the history of the battle on this pass in detail.  More About Hiking The Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail  Time: Around 1 hour Refreshments (Hikers’ Favorites): Pecos Burger at El Maria Bonita (With a lot of meat and a smoky green chilly flavor!) and Chips and Salsa, of course! The Trail Guide you collect from the visitor center already keeps you hooked on the site's history. Indeed, this trail is less about hiking and more about flipping through the pages of the American Civil War in Mexico.  Let’s Hear It From Other Visitors To The Park  “Really nice park. Easy to find and it is free! Inside the visitor center, they had a really great exhibit that followed the pecos overtime. It was super informative and brought a lot more meaning to the actual park. After looking around the exhibit, you can take the trail up and around the park and church. It's amazing that the walls are still there. The view around the park is also beautiful. We spent about 2 hours here.” - Isabelle M. “I really enjoyed this park. My husband didn't care for it but I think it's really amazing what is still here. He thinks it's all recreation and I can't say if it is or not but I know the current Pecos people don't see it that way. It's pretty awesome that it's free to visit and the visitors center has a little museum that's also free! The trail starts near the restrooms. We accidentally started it from the end. But who cares. We saw everything and I recommend checking it out. Native people history is really cool.” - Lydia G. Exploring Wildlife At The Pecos National Historical Park https://www.instagram.com/p/CA-hAl8nrUW/ This historical national park is a hub of wildlife with a 6,500-acre expansion of forests, rivers, grasslands, and streams. The table below enlists the species that call the Pecos National Historical Park their home.  MammalsElk of Northern New MexicoColorado Chipmunk DeerRock SquirrelBirds*Steller’s JayMountain BluebirdBald EagleFish and AmphibiansRio Grande ChubLongnose DaceRainbow TroutBrown TroutNew Mexico Spadefoot ToadWoodhouse ToadTiger SalamanderPlains Leopard FrogReptilesShort-horned LizardNew Mexico Whiptail LizardBull SnakesGarter SnakesPrairie Rattlesnakes You will find the Prairie rattlesnakes along the trails. So, please exercise caution and inform the ranger if you come across one on your way.  A Quick Glance At Some Important Information About Pecos National Historical Park You must quickly look at the important information available about Pecos National Historical Park before you set in. Location: San Miguel County, New Mexico Established: 28th June, 1965 Area: 27 km² Highest Landscape: Truchas Peak, 3990 Meter Visitor Center: Pecos National Historical Park Visitor Center How to Reach: Via State Road 63  Entry Fee: Free Best Time to Visit: Autumn (Early September to Mid October) Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego. Kootenay National Park Or The Land Of Ice And Fire (Experiencing Nature’s Game Of Contrasts)