Gal Oya National Park, Sri Lanka: A Place Where I Saw Elephants From Boats

I visited the Gal Oya National Park in 2022, and after a few months of being back in my country, I got a call from my friend in Sri Lanka. 

It was December, and he shared the news published on the Daily Mirror Online, which mentioned the threats of illegal mining to the flora and fauna of the national park. 

I felt numb, as this was not the Gal Oya National Park I visited. Even if Sri Lanka has icons such as the Yala National Park, for me Gal Oya offered the most remarkable encounters with elephants. 

For the first time, I did a safari from a boat, drifting quietly across open water while a herd of elephants waded between islands ahead of us.

There was no engine noise to spook them, no queue of vehicles, just the reservoir, the herd, and the sound of water.

It felt more like a secret that Sri Lanka preserves so dearly, not a national park. 

Gal Oya National Park At A Glance

DetailInformation
LocationAmpara District, Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
Established1954
AreaApproximately 25,900 Hectares
CentrepieceSenanayake Samudraya, the Largest Reservoir in Sri Lanka
Known forBoat Safaris and Elephants Swimming between Islands
Wildlife32 Recorded Mammal Species, including Elephants, Leopards, and Sloth Bears150+ Bird Species
Best time to visitDry Season, Roughly May to September
Distance from ColomboAround 300 KM,  Roughly 6 Hours by Road

A Reservoir-Built Park With A History Tied To Irrigation

The history of the Gal Oya National Park goes back to 1954. It was built to protect the Senanayake Samudraya.

This newly constructed reservoir, the largest in Sri Lanka, was part of a major post-independence irrigation scheme in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. 

The scale of the reservoir made my boat ride in the park all the more fascinating. It is just open water with forests around. 

So, the jeeps on the dusty tracks are replaced by the boats on the serene water. 

The landscape around the reservoir was more varied than I expected from a dry-zone park.

Forested Hills!

Savannah Grassland!

Also, there were rocky outcrops that locals call turtleback formations. 

Moreover, low grasslands all sit within the park’s boundaries, alongside historical sites like the Digha Vapi Dagoba and the Henebedde cave.

Wildlife And The Swimming Elephants

The most fascinating experience in Gal Oya was watching wild elephants swimming between the reservoir’s islands. 

They were moving in search of fresh grazing as water levels dropped in the dry season. 

Beyond elephants, the park has around 32 mammal species, including:

  • Leopards
  • Sloth Bears
  • Grey Langurs
  • Endemic Toque Macaque.

Also, the park, though not as fascinating as Bundala, has more than 150 species of birds. I could spot the following ones.

  • Painted Storks
  • Ospreys
  • Endemics like the red-faced Malkoha and Sri Lanka spurfowl.

I could also spot crocodiles and water monitors along the reservoir’s edges.

How To Reach Gal Oya National Park?

How To Reach Gal Oya National Park

You can take a drive from Colombo to reach Gal Oya National Park via Ampara. The distance is around 300 km, and the journey takes around 6 hours by road. 

However, staying in Ampara Town as the base or finding a lodge close to the park’s boat safari jetty is a more reasonable move. 

Also, Gal Oya National Park is a natural inland detour from the east-coast surf town, Arugam Bay, roughly 2 to 2.5 hours away.

Again, if you are traveling from Kandy, it is 4-5 hours by road via Mahiyangana. So, Gal Oya is a workable stop on a route heading toward the east coast.

Gal Oya Entrance And Boat Safari Costs (2026)

Gal Oya Entrance And Boat Safari Costs

On top of the park entrance fee, the boat safari itself is typically arranged and priced separately, usually through your lodge or a licensed operator.

Remember that access to the reservoir’s boats isn’t managed the same way jeep permits are at other parks.

Also, the boat safari costs around LKR 6000 to LKR 8000. 


Category

Approximate Cost (2026)

Foreign Adult (12+)

USD 12

Foreign Child (6–12 Years)

USD 6

Foreign Children under 6 Years 

Free

SAARC Nationals

USD 10 for AdultsUSD 5 for Children between 6 and 12 YearsFree for Children below 6 Years

Locals 

Adults: LKR 60Children from 6 to 12 Years: LKR 30Children below 6 Years: FreeStudents: LKR 20

Boat Safari

LKR 6000-8000

A One-Day Gal Oya Itinerary

A One-Day Gal Oya Itinerary

A day at Gal Oya has a different rhythm from most Sri Lankan national parks because here the safari is on a boat and not a jeep. 

Here is a structure that works well if you’re based near Ampara or the park’s eastern lodges.

TimeActivity
5:30 – 6:30 AMEarly transfer to the boat jetty on Senanayake Samudraya
6:30 – 9:30 AMMorning boat safari.
It is the best window for elephant sightings near the shoreline. 
9:30 – 10:30 AMReturn to lodge for breakfast.
10:30 AM – 12:30 PMOptional short trek or visit to the Henebedde cave/Digha Vapi Dagoba area.
12:30 – 2:30 PMLunch and rest during the hottest part of the day.
4:00 – 6:30 PMEvening boat safari for a second wildlife window and sunset over the reservoir.

What Are The Practical Tips For Visiting The Gal Oya National Park? 

  • Boats and slots are more limited than jeep availability at bigger parks.
  • Bring a hat, sunscreen, and a light waterproof layer.
  • Pack a zoom lens or good binoculars as elephant sightings are often across open water rather than at close range on a jeep track.
  • Stay two nights if you can, so you get both a morning and an evening boat safari rather than just one.
  • Combine with Arugam Bay or Ampara for a fuller east-coast itinerary.

What Is The Best Time To Visit Gal Oya National Park?

May to September, or the dry season, is the best time to visit Gal Oya National Park. 

In the dry season, the water level of the reservoir drops. So, all the animals, especially the elephants, concentrate near the remaining islands and water. 

Thus, the sight of swimming elephants is more common in this national park than anywhere else in Sri Lanka. 

This season is also ideal for birdwatching in Sri Lanka, as migratory and resident species settle around the shrinking waterline.

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Sibashree is a travel, culture, and leisure writer who has been writing since the age of 12 and professionally since 2014. With more than a decade of travel writing experience and journeys across India and several parts of the world, she brings a deeply personal and thoughtful perspective to her work. A student of English Literature and Mass Communication, Sibashree has always viewed travel as more than movement — for her, it has been a way of understanding people, cultures, and herself. Her passion for spiritual exploration has also led her to many unusual and meaningful destinations over the years. Outside of writing, Sibashree enjoys watching European cinema, reading about global politics, and reflecting on the stories hidden within everyday places.

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Bambarakanda Falls: A Trek To The Tallest Waterfall In Sri Lanka, Location And Everything You Must Know

BY  Sibashree Aug 27, 2026

Most waterfalls in Sri Lanka announce themselves with a roar from half a kilometer away. However, Bambarakanda Falls was different.   It has a thin water flow, and as it drops far, I could only hear the sound of the waterfall when I was standing directly under it.   However, it is the tallest in the country, and I could not find the top even after craning my neck all the way back.   The Story Behind The Name Of The Bambarakanda Falls The name comes from Bambara. In the Sinhalese language, Bambara means wasps.  The rock face around the falls was once a prominent colony of wasps.   However, before the waterfall became known as Bambarakanda,  it was called Bambarakele Falls and Dultota Falls.   What struck me more than the etymology was how quiet the setting is compared to its size and fame.  This is not a waterfall with restaurants and gift shops crowding the base, just pine forest, a rough access road, and the sound of falling water.  Where Is Bambarakanda Falls? Bambarakanda Falls is close to the small town of Kalupahana in the Badulla District. It is also near the boundary of the Horton Plains National Park.   Kuda Oya, a modest stream, is the source of this waterfall.   However, it transforms into the most dramatic tributary the moment it reaches the cliff edge above Kalupahana and drops in a single, thin, horsetail plunge.   Furthermore, this waterfall is around 200 km away from Colombo. The distance between Bambarakanda Waterfall and Belihuloya is just 18 km.   So, Bambarakanda Falls easily fits into the itinerary if you are in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka or on the Ella–Haputale–Horton Plains corridor.   How To Reach Bambarakanda Falls? Bambarakanda is easily accessible from Colombo by road and train. Here are the details.   From Colombo By Road  The most common route is Colombo to Ratnapura to Belihuloya to Kalupahana, following the A4 highway toward Beragala.   At Kalupahana Junction, a signposted turn-off leads onto a narrower road that runs for roughly 5 km through Weerakoongama's pine and tea plantations before reaching the parking area.   The final stretch is rough enough in places that not every car will manage it comfortably.  So a tuk-tuk from the junction is a popular last-mile option if you're not driving a higher-clearance vehicle.  By Train And Bus  If you're relying on public transport, the nearest useful rail stop is Ohiya.  From Ohiya, you will still need a taxi or tuk-tuk to cover the remaining distance.   Buses running the Colombo–Badulla A4 route will drop you at Kalupahana Junction, where three-wheelers wait to ferry visitors up the access road for a small fixed fare.  The Trek To The Base  From the parking area, I had to take a flight of steps to reach the base of the waterfall. The flight took around 10-15 minutes.   It was an easy trek as I passed through a pine forest. Also, compared to places such as Sinharaja, the leeches were way fewer in number throughout the route.   However, with the pine needles scattered on the ground, it was a bit slippery. So, you need to wear proper walking or trekking shoes.   As I reached the base of the waterfall, I found a shallow pool, perfect for wading. Also, if you want to remain dry and want to appreciate the scale of the waterfall, you can watch the waterfall from the concrete viewing platform.   Climbing To The Top: The Devil's Staircase  If you want more adventure, you can take the steep trail nicknamed the Devil's Staircase, winding up the mountainside to the crest of the falls.  Remember that this stretch, leading to the top, is a proper hiking route. It is not like strolling anyway!  The elevation here is several hundred meters through pine and mixed forest. So, even if the weather is a little bad, you must not attempt this.   The reward at the top is a small natural infinity pool and a miniature waterfall feeding into the main drop, along with sweeping views down the valley toward the eastern plains.   A short trek from the base also leads to Lanka Ella, a smaller waterfall nearby whose shape is sometimes said to resemble the outline of Sri Lanka itself.  What Is The Best Time To Visit The Bambarakanda Falls? Honestly, the guides on the best time to visit Bambarakanda Falls are mostly confusing.   Some sources say that March to May is the ideal time for a visit to this waterfall. Indeed, going for a trek is safest in this season, as the flow is modest and the trails are less slippery.   However, if you want to see the most dramatic version of the waterfall, May to September is the ideal window.   I am someone who is always in for the later window. Visiting shortly after rain gave me a fuller view of the fall, and it was the most photogenic.   A dry spell, on the other hand, makes the waterfall look thinner.   What Are The Attractions Near Bambarakanda Waterfalls? Some of the best-known sights of the Sri Lankan Central Highlands are very close to Bambarakanda Waterfalls.  Horton Plains National Park and World's End are a scenic drive away. Haputale, with its cooler climate, tea estates, and views toward the southern coast on a clear day.  Haputale further makes a good overnight base. Also, if you are continuing along the A4, Belihuloya offers river-adjacent guesthouses and a much gentler pace than the falls themselves.  Practical Travel Tips  If you are planning to capture the beauty of the waterfall, you should pack wide-angle lenses.   The waterfall is so tall that, considering how close you stand, fitting the entire cascade into one frame from the base is genuinely difficult.  Furthermore, if you are driving yourself to the waterfall, budget extra time for the access road. This is narrow, occasionally rutted, and best driven slowly regardless of your vehicle.  A Few Things I Wish I Had Known  It was a mistake on my part to underestimate the remoteness of the final stretch of the road.  The stretch was just a few kilometers off the main A4 Highway. Still, once I quickly reached the pine forest, there was no phone signal for the majority of the route leading to the base.   Furthermore, you will have to bring cash, as digital payments or cards are not accepted at the entrance or along the trail.  Also, barring the odd roadside stall near the junction, you will not find much food.   Moreover, if you are on the Devil's Staircase climb to the crest, go early in the day. Clouds tend to roll in by early afternoon and can turn a rewarding view into a very damp anticlimax.  Where To Stay Near Bambarakanda Falls  You will not find real accommodation facilities right at the falls.   As convenient options, you can base yourself in Haputale or Belihuloya. 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READ MORE restaurants in Macau

These Are The 10 Top Restaurants In Macau Out Of The 25 Restaurants I Visited

BY  Sibashree Jun 22, 2026

Macau is a small East Asian City. It is west of Hong Kong and on the south coast of China. Macau is 64 kms away from Hong Kong, and it has the City of Zhuhai in Mainland China to the north. Then, the Pearl River Delta is to the south and east.  It was a Portuguese colony once, but now it is an autonomous territory. Also, even today, Macau shows an influence of ancient Chinese culture.  However, this ancient Chinese culture has created a fusion with new-age European influence. The cuisine of Macau explains it best, and that’s why you need to visit the best restaurants in Macau. You will especially experience a blend of Cantonese and Portuguese flavors.  What Are The Top 10 Restaurants In Macau?  Macau has many top restaurants to eat at. Along with the starred restaurants, there are also bakeries, taverns, street food corners, and age-old tea houses.   Furthermore, freshly baked almond cookies, egg tarts, and slices of beef and pork jerky are some of the best delicacies to try in these restaurants.   Also, thanks to the culinary legacy of over 400 years, there is a global interest in Macanese cuisine.   Moreover, Irina Bokova, the Director-General of UNESCO, has designated Macau as the UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy.   Nevertheless, visiting all the restaurants in the city is not possible logistically. So, I have 25 places and picked 10 among them.   I have further divided the top 10 Macau restaurants into two categories: luxury restaurants and budget-friendly restaurants.    It’s time to celebrate Macanese history and the eclectic culture of the city. 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On the contrary, it was built on these streets.  Some More Information You Need To Know About The Top Restaurants In Macau  If you are looking for Indian restaurants in Macau, you can explore options such as Macau City, Indian Spice, and The Golden Peacock.  Furthermore, if you are searching for authentic Italian restaurants, you must try options such as La Cucina Italiana, Portofino, Bene, and Don Alfonso 1890.  Also, if you want to have vegetarian food, consider places such as Vida Rica Restaurant, Blissful Carrot, and Lai Heen.  Celebrating The Fusion Of Local And Global Cuisines  The top restaurants in Macau celebrate the words of George Bernard Shaw, “There is no love sincerer than the love for food.” Also, what makes the gastronomic experience in Macau special is the eclectic influence and the rich history of over 400 years.  So, let’s indulge in great food in Macau. Bon Appétit! Read Also: What Are The Best Restaurants In Cape Town? 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READ MORE Kiri Vehera

Kiri Vehera, Polonnaruwa: Walking Around Sri Lanka’s Best-Preserved Milk Stupa

BY  Sibashree Sep 29, 2026

I got a glimpse of the Kiri Vehera through a gap in the trees.  It was milky white, and even early in the morning, it looked the brightest among the surrounding ruins.  Also, it is fascinating that the stupa is one of the few in Sri Lanka to have its original structure even after around 900 years.  Locals say that when the stupa was discovered amidst the jungle, its chunam, or lime coating,g was still intact.  Thus, it got its name as Kiri Vehera, or Milk White Stupa.  Furthermore, along with being the best-preserved stupa, it is also a classic example of Bubulakara, or the bubble-shaped form of stupa.  Kiri Vehera At A Glance DetailFactMeaning“Milk Stupa”It was originally called Rupavati Chetiya.BuilderQueen Subhadda, consort of Parakramabahu I (1153–1186)She was also known as Bhaddavati.TypeBubbulakara (bubble-shaped) stupa on three receding terracesHeightAround 24 meters for the damaged stupa. Base diameterAbout 26.8 metersTerraceAbout 57.6 metersRankSecond-largest stupa at PolonnaruwaStatusStill an active place of worshipEntry FeeIncluded in the $25 Polonnaruwa ticket. Hours7 AM to 5:30 PM My Walk Around The Milk Stupa Kiri Vehera is just north of Lankathilaka. I just took a short walk over after the image house to reach this stupa.  First Impressions Of The White Dome As I have mentioned, the white plaster of the dome glowed against the blue sky.  It has the simplest design with very little ornamentation.  Polonnaruwa’s builders kept this design deliberately simple. Small subsidiary stupas dot the platform, and the scale felt human rather than overwhelming. The Devatā Carvings Most People Miss Don’t miss a close look at devatā-koṭuva.  It has the most unusual carvings of deities, and these are uncommon for a stupa.  This drum-like structure has carvings of eight divine figures in a folded-hand posture. It looks like they are worshipping Lord Buddha.  Circling The Stupa With Respect I saw devotees visiting the stupa and offering flowers. They lit oil lamps and walked around the stupa as part of their prayer rituals. Also, you have to keep your shoes outside the brick fence.  History And Architecture The stupa dates to the reign of Parakramabahu I. Furthermore, it is part of the king’s vision to build a large monastic university, Alahana Pirivena.  Also, the building programme of the king helped reshape Polonnaruwa. Queen Bhaddavati And The Rupavati Chetiya The Mahavamsa credits the building of this stupa to Queen Bhaddavati.  As a woman, I appreciated the fact that the best-preserved monument in the ancient city is a queen’s commission, not a king’s. The Terraces And Dimensions  The architectural design of the monument features a stupa positioned directly in the center of an expansive square terrace, with each side stretching roughly 57.6 meters (189 feet).  The main dome spans a diameter of 26.8 meters (88 feet) at its base.  From the ground up to its fractured spire, the entire monument reaches an approximate height of 24 meters (80 feet). Supporting the core structure are three stepped basal terraces, traditionally called pesavas.  Standing between 0.9 and 1.2 meters (3 to 4 feet) high, these tiers likely functioned as pathways for devotional walking rituals (circumambulation) or as ledges for leaving flowers.  This design element directly mirrors ancient Indian architecture seen at historic sites like Sanchi. Sitting atop the dome is the hatareskotuva (a square tee) built from solid brick, measuring about 7.4 meters (24 feet 4 inches) wide and 3.7 meters (12 feet) tall.  Resting directly above this square section is the devata-kotuva (the enclosure of the deities), a rounded drum that is 2.9 meters (9 feet 6 inches) wide and 2.3 meters (7 feet 8 inches) high.  This circular tier is decorated with carvings of eight gods shown praying with their hands joined in deep respect.  The final crowning element is the kota (spire), which extends upward for another 7 meters (23 feet), though fragments of the spire have eroded away over the centuries. The Relic Chambers And The Interior Of The Stupa In the early 1900s, British archaeologist H. C. P. Bell conducted systematic excavations that offered a rare glimpse into the inner architecture of the stupa.  During his investigation, Bell uncovered a winding, 25-foot (7.6-meter) tunnel carved out centuries earlier by grave robbers targeting the structure's sacred treasures.  After clearing out this passageway, his team discovered two upper relic chambers that had unfortunately already been broken into and stripped of their valuables. The first looted chamber spanned roughly 11 feet 2 inches (3.4 meters) wide. It originally housed structural foundations meant to secure a yantragala (a traditional stone reliquary). It also had a sacred Mahameru stone, which serves as a symbolic representation of the cosmic mountain. Crucially, a third, lower chamber escaped destruction.  Because the historical looters had not dug deep enough, this final vault remained perfectly sealed and intact.  Out of preservation and respect, Bell’s archaeological team made the deliberate decision to leave this third chamber unopened. Why The Plaster Survived When the jungle was cleared after roughly 700 years of neglect, the lime plaster was in near-perfect condition.  Engineers describe these plasters as closer to lime-concrete than ordinary stucco.  That waterproof skin explains why brick has not crumbled here as it has elsewhere. Kiri Vehera Vs Rankot Vehera: Two Ways To Read A Stupa I compared Polonnaruwa’s two great stupas on the same day. Each of them has a different mood. Rankot is impressive because of its size, while Kiri Vehera impresses by its survival. FeatureKiri VeheraRankot VeheraBuilderQueen Bhaddavati (12th century)King Nissanka Malla (1187–1196)HeightAbout 24 Meters54 MetersSurfaceOriginal lime plaster largely intactExposed brick, like most stupas of its era.Best forPreservation and quiet worshipSheer scale How I Would Fit It Into A Day I spent about 45 minutes here, then moved on to Gal Vihara before the midday heat.  Also, it is a short walk from Lankathilaka and offers the strongest contrast in appearance. The image house is a ruin, and the Buddha statue there is headless. However, this stupa has had the same structure since the time of its foundation.  Photography Tips With its human scale, Kiri Vehera is a favorite of photo enthusiasts.  However, if you are visiting the stupa mid-day, the mid-day glare will bounce off the white plaster.  On the other hand, morning and late afternoon, with softer light, are better times of the day for photography.  Also, never take selfies posing back to the stupa, as it is disrespectful, and the guides will stop you if you even try to do that.  Why Kiri Vehera Matters Today The ruins of the Anuradhapura Sacred City and other remains of Polonnaruwa raise a question. What did these monuments look like when they were finished?  Kiri Vehera is the only monument to offer an answer to this.  Also, as a living worship shrine, it is a site that allows you to slow down.  So, if you are rushing past it on the way to Gal Vihara, you will miss the quiet centre of the northern complex.