Tips To Help Plan For Your Wedding & Honeymoon In Northern Beaches

BY  Nabamita Sep 16, 2022

Sikkim is a small kingdom state tucked wavy into the lap of the Himalayas. It is known for its culture, heritage, and, of course, beautiful scenic beauty. Here in this beautiful city, you can experience a peaceful atmosphere among the mountains and the greenery. But do you know when the best time to visit Sikkim is? If not, then continue to scroll down this article. Welcome To Sikkim! Sikkim is among those places in India that you need to visit once to gaze upon the beautiful Kangchenjunga, the highest mountain peak in India and the third highest in the World. Here you will see the beautiful harmony between modern and traditional cultures and heritage. Tourists visit this beautiful state in India practically all year round. But like any other tourist destination, there is the best time to visit Sikkim as well. You can visit Sikkim with both your friends and always with your family. There is a lot to do for everyone here in Sikkim. Best Time To Visit Sikkim Whether you are visiting Sikkim for a solo or a big fat family vacation, or a getaway with your friends, these are the months you look for to travel. March - June ☀️July - October ☔November - February ❄️ 5c - 25c4c - 17c-5c - 7c Sikkim has a lot of beautiful places to visit with different scenic beauties. So the terrains and beauty you will witness in the North of Sikkim will be very different in South Sikkim. March - June March to June is considered the best time to visit Sikkim. The weather is pleasant, and you won’t have any problem traveling to different places. There won’t be any roadblocks like during winter or monsoon.  During this time, you can easily enjoy the beautiful flowers that will fully bloom during these months. And as for gazing upon the beautiful mountain peaks, you can easily see the Kanchenjunga due to the lack of rain or snow clouds. However, due to pleasant weather, the mountain peaks are visible. July - October From July to October, it is considered the monsoon season. The first few showers of rain nourish the mountains and the hills. It rejuvenates the beautiful green landscape. But it is advised that you not visit any hilly region during the monsoon months, as the danger of roadblocks and even landslides are dangerous for tourists. However, you can plan to stay here but try to avoid Northern Sikkim. November - February November to February are the winter months and the best time to visit Sikkim to see snow. The whole landscape is covered in a thick layer of beautiful fluffy snow, which looks like something out of a painting. If you are capable of handling the snow, then surely you should visit Sikkim during these months to experience it fully. If you are lucky enough, you can even witness snowfall here. So for Christmas, have a white winter wonderland here in Sikkim. Different Climates In Sikkim Like any other tourist destination, you can divide each season into months, and on the basis of that, you can plan your trip.  ☀️Summer In Sikkim The summertime in Sikkim is an enjoyable time for tourists to visit the hill station. Therefore, if you are looking for Sikkim best time to visit, then I will advise you during the summertime. But even though it is the summertime, don’t forget to bring woolen clothes, as the temperature might drop at any time. It is easier for sightseeing in such pleasant and clear weather. So it is the best time to visit Gangtok Sikkim, the Yumthang valley, and Rumtek Monastery. ☔Monsoon In Sikkim During the monsoon months, Sikkim usually gets heavy showers each year, and this causes roadblocks and landslides each year. Although the weather during these months is chilly, you can enjoy it a lot.  One of the best advantages of the months is that you can get many discounts on travel and hotels since it is off-season. So you can take advantage of that. ❄️Winter In Sikkim The snowy months are the best time to visit Sikkim Gangtok. The valley and the mountains are covered in beautiful layers of white snow; it is just like heaven. The temperature falls to -5 degree celsius, so don’t forget to bring enough warm clothes and gear along with you. Even though the weather is quite chilly, it is bearable, and you won’t feel any discomfort due to the cold. There are a lot of snow sports you can enjoy at this time, like snowboarding and skiing. So I would recommend to you the best time to visit Sikkim is during the winter months. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): Now that you know which is the best time to visit Sikkim, if you have any more questions, then here are some of the questions asked by others. 1. How Many Days Are Sufficient For Sikkim Trip? Ans: Sikkim is considered to be one of the most beautiful and heavenly places in India. So as to explore the place in its entirety, then you would require about 12-15 days to the max. But if you want to skip a few places, then you can say there for about 8 to 10 days as well. 2. Where Is Snowfall In Sikkim? Ans: To experience snowfall and snow, you have to travel towards Northern Sikkim. Places such as Yumthang Valley, Zero Point, and Gurudongmar Lake are a few of the areas in Northern Sikkim that experience snow and snowfall during the winter months. 3. Which Is The Coldest Place In Sikkim? Ans: The coldest place in the whole of Sikkim is a part of the Northern Sikkim called Zero Point. It is best for its snow-covered valleys and landscape. If you want to enjoy beautiful snow, then this is the place for you. Visit Now! Now that you know what the best time to visit Sikkim is, you can easily plan your next trip to Sikkim. Don’t forget to pack enough warm clothes and necessary gear to beat the chilly weather.  If you find this article helpful, then write down in the comment section which is your favorite hill station in India or in the World. Read Also: Best Time To Visit Himachal Pradesh – Himachal Pradesh Guide Which Is The Best Time To Visit Spiti Valley? – Travel Guide Top 7 Best Places To Visit In Darjeeling – Travel Guide

BY  sagnika Jul 12, 2023

Are you an Airwanderer? Do you think this platform is quite effective for making bookings? Read the article to learn more. A flight meta-search engine, Airwander combines travel with cheap stopovers and automated suggestions for a flight. The company's founders, Ela Bader, and Douglas Deming, live a digitally nomadic lifestyle contributing to their startup further expanding across Hawaii, Honolulu, Malaga, and Spain. The search engine or the website of Airwander is also accessible in an app form developed in 2014, and finally, it was released in 2015 with the name of QuestOrganizier. Later, with significant enhancements and rebranding, it was launched in 2016 at TechCrunch Disrupt London. According to the official website, www.airwander.com, the Airwander V2 went live in 2018, while the V3 is still under development. The app provides a detailed layout across a city or region that a probable passenger is trying to book. Airwander: Should You Try This Platform For Booking Your Travel? Airwander is majorly an integration of automated systems and stopovers leading to the recommendations or suggestions made to the customers by the website. Stopover is different from a layover, and it is the feature that is the unique element of Airwander. Stopover allows a passenger to explore a city as it extends for 24 hours and more, while layover is just about connecting flights through a specific country or regional airport. Many passengers want to reach their destination as fast as possible; however, with a stopover, passengers who like exploring new places can find the perfect booking. Therefore, passengers can add stopovers to their central booking instead of booking separate tickets for different locations. What Is Airwander? Ela Bader and Douglas Deming are the creators of the service Airwander, who founded the company inspired by their 8 months of a backpacking trip across South America. They added other countries to their journey to save up money. Airwander is a flight metasearch engine that produces itself by adding multi-day stopovers, making the experience of the flyers more elaborate and diverse. You can hop in many cities before reaching directly to your location with the help of it. The website of Airwander is integrated with advanced algorithms which suggest individuals book stopovers that will be added to the flight booking. All the routes are considered by it the moment you input all the details of departure and arrival dates, location, and other such information. According to the reviews on Producthunt.com, it rates 4 out of 5 based on 606 votes. Many studies have agreed about the advantage of stopovers and recommended the website. What Benefits Of Airwander? The fact that air wander helps in visiting and exploring new places before focusing on your final destination. If you have a travel buddy, you both might like to explore new cities before reaching the final town or region you visit. Savings You can save money, especially if you add stopovers to direct travel between two locations. For example, you can save up to $101 if you book a 3 day stay in Los Angeles. There is additional information available while booking because you receive recommendations and suggestions. Most Affordable Flights Airwander flights are affordable compared to other booking sites and search engines for travel. You will find that the services offered by Airwander are comparatively cheap because they are in partnership with other brands. With the increasing competition and services offered by other websites that provide travel and accommodation booking, air wander is considerably affordable regarding flights. Personalized Layovers The users can customize the layovers. If you book flights on Airwander, you can personalize the layover. You can adjust accordingly to manage the takeoff time and landing time accordingly. Layover is controlled based on the trip. Customized Destination The destination is customized based on the directions of the flights and how you manage the trip. When flying to a specific location or region of the country, you can add more stops to the trip. What Disadvantages Of Airwander? There are limited disadvantages, as it is most effective for users who like exploring different cities before going to a specific location. The Website Could Be Faster At times, the website of Airwander could be faster, which can be difficult for users. Sometimes, the website needs to catch up, making it more difficult. Expensive On Certain Occasions On specific occasions, the charges for flights in Airwander are pretty high. It can be not easy, especially when adding additional flight stopovers. Should You Use The Airwander Platform For Making Bookings To Travel? Image Source: techcrunch.com You can use Airwander because it is quite effective to make cheap bookings and yet create a diverse itinerary. The service has been designed so that users can use this service through flight hacking features. It is the stopovers that help individuals to take advantage of this service because the AI of the website effectively integrates the cost-effectiveness. You can receive travel insurance when you book flights at Airwander, considering you will get covered based on injury, theft, and illness. You will receive both Visitors Coverage and Safety Wing with the insurance regarding travel management on it. The service effectively helps users to find the best and exclusive deals. The website can further be improved by working on the speed of the website loading and how it needs to make the services available. You can add up to 3 stops or more for each trip; the landing and takeoff times are correct. Alternatives For Airwander Other alternatives to Airwander are verified and can be used instead of this service. These alternatives are significantly cost-productive and help in integrating cutting-edge services. ComplyCube The site verifies the customers within 15 seconds, which helps integrate cutting-edge services such as API and SaaS platforms for identity verification. Skyscanner You can also use Skyscanner, through which you can choose cheaper flights helping people get the best deals. The website lets customers compare more than 1000 airlines worldwide and their most reasonable offers. KAYAK A travel search engine, KAYAK, has effectively connected several significant travel sites for booking cheap flights and affordable deals. You will receive compelling features and tools that can be used to check up on rental cars, hotels, vacation packages, and flights. Google Flights You can find the cheapest flights on Google Flights by putting the destination on the map. You can sign up from your Google account to receive alerts on your booking. How Is A Stopover Different From From A Layover? To help you better understand the features of the service, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with a few flight terms before continuing with our Airwander review. To begin with, what is a stopover and how is it different from a layover? When you spend less than a day at a connecting city prior to reaching your ultimate destination, it's known as a layover. Conversely, stopovers are defined as stays of one day or longer. What does this signify, then, for a tourist? Some travelers prefer to take a slower route, visiting a few different nations or cities along the way, while others want to reach their destination as quickly as possible. A stopover gives you more flexibility to explore connecting cities than a layover because it lasts longer than 24 hours. Using stopovers is the best way to accomplish goals such as visiting a landmark, going on a tour, or spending time with friends or family who are from a different country. However, why? Why are stopovers preferable to purchasing individual tickets for each destination? To learn more, read our review of Airwander. Who Is Airwander For? Anyone who enjoys traveling should use Airwander. However, it's a particularly appealing service for two kinds of travelers: those who love adding layovers to their flights to explore new places, and those who are constantly searching for flight deals. Airwander is ideal if your travel schedule allows you to smuggle in a few extra days to spend exploring a place. The purpose of Airwander's search engine is to provide travelers with the most affordable options for places to stopover, rather than having them look for a specific destination. This is not to say that you cannot intentionally choose a stopover at a particular location; however, if your destination is not listed in the first set of results, you will likely have to pay a high fare. In light of this, the service is designed for more impulsive travelers who won't hesitate to visit an unknown location. Recall that while traveling allows for spontaneity, going without travel insurance does not. Verify that you are protected! Having without needing is preferable to needing and not having! Conclusion Please read the article to learn more about Airwander and the benefits that you might get if you use it. Comment below about whether you think it is worth using Airwander if you are interested in exploring more cities before you reach your destination. Read Also: Everything About Breeze Airways: Breeze Airways Reviews, Features, And More! Norse Atlantic Airways Reviews And Other Information To Check Out Is Spirit Airlines Safe? Get Your Answer Here!

BY  Sibashree Nov 4, 2025

I was having sticky rice with steamed hot freshwater fish cooked in banana leaves at Tamarind Restaurant. I took the first bite and I closed my eyes. It was a moment to cherish, to feel! The taste was similar yet distinctly different from what I usually have at home. Sticky rice is the soul of Lao cuisine, and it is related to community sentiment, as every village has its own rice field. And the fish was a game of perfect balance, and the spiciness was just right to titillate the taste buds, but not overpowering.  Furthermore, as I explored the villages and went a little way away from the town center, I found food cooked in bamboo hollows. Another important aspect of Lao cuisine is the art of fermentation.  From sun-dried fish and meat to fermented vegetables and salted lime, a Lunag Prabang food tour is an experience curated with love. Also, to cherish the authentic flavors of Laos, you have to try the street food here. It’s not Vietnamese, not Thai, but simply Laotian.  I will talk about these street food delicacies shortly. However, before that, let’s find out what makes the food in Luang Prabang Special.  Cooking Techniques And Ingredients That Make Food In Luang Prabang Special  Food in Luang Prabang and Laos stands out for its distinctive techniques and ingredients. Check out the table below for a brief understanding. Techniques/IngredientsUse in Luang Prabang FoodFermentation• Key to Local Laos Flavors• Used in Picked Vegetables, Soy, and Fish SauceGrilling• Grilling over Charcoal Gives the Fish or Meat a Distinct FlavorHerbsCommon Herbs Used Are:• Mint• Lemongrass• Coriander• Kaffir Lime• GalangalSticky Rice Steaming• Rice is Cooked in Bamboo Baskets over Boiling Water.  What Is The Best Street Food In Luang Prabang Laos?  Have you tried something as “interesting” as a honeycomb cooked and charred in banana leaves? I have. And the smell of charcoal and honeycomb got blended with the whiff of lemongrass and grilled fish.  This is what my senses caught first as the tuk-tuk dropped me at the morning market in Luang Prabang. Another thing I found special about the morning market was the presence of women in large numbers. Most vendors were women.  I saw a lady whose face looked like a painting with all the creases, but her smile was all about silent resilience. I went to her stall and ordered a bowl of khao soi. It was bliss with the right amount of pork, herbs, and tomatoes.  The sky was still pale pink, and I saw monks in saffron robes pass quietly collecting alms. My breakfast moment suddenly became about discovering everyday spirituality in the rhythm of food. I closely felt that breakfast is not just food for the people here, it’s about gratitude, humility, and connecting to the origin.  Now, my stories of Luang Prabang will never end. It’s like the silent river that flows and does its magic by touching the lives on its route. So, let me share with you brief details about the best street food in Luang Prabang you cannot miss. 1. Khao Soi Luang Prabang Everyone loves Khao Soi in Luang Prabang. This pork soup with fermented soy and tomatoes is the perfect breakfast delicacy here.  2. Lao Sausage (Sai Oua) It is a pork sausage delicacy. In these sausages, the pork meat is infused with lemongrass, galangal, and herbs.  3. Sticky Rice (Khao Niew) You cannot imagine a complete Lao meal without sticky rice. I love to have sticky rice with fish.  4. Grilled Mekong Fish In Luang Prabang, they use fresh riverwater fish to make this dish. They marinate the fish using local herbs and grill it on charcoal for a distinct flavor.  But do you know why grilled fish in Luang Prabang tastes even better? Mr. Somchai, a Mekong fish griller, said, “We catch fish at dawn and grill them by sunset. No freezer, just fire.” 5. Coconut Pancakes (Khanom Krok) The coconut pancakes are also the most unique in flavor. It has a crispy outer layer, which is complemented by the creaminess inside.  These pancakes are served with spring onions.  6. Papaya Salad (Tam Mak Hoong) If you love the pungency of fermented fish, this crunchy salad will be your instant favorite. The raw papayas used in the salad give the dish the right crunch.  Furthermore, the fermented fish sauce and the use of lemon add the right balance of flavors to the salad.  7. Larb (Laap) Larb is a comfort food. It’s a salad with minced meat, lime, mint, and rice powder. It has the right balance of salty, sour, and spicy flavors.  It is the national dish of Laos and a common staple in everyday food and festivals.  8. Jaew Bong Jaew Bong is more like a condiment or a side served with dishes like fried seaweed. It is a smoky chilli paste with strong flavors of garlic and buffalo skin.  9. Fried Seaweed (Khai Paen) I liked the umami flavors of the fried seaweed or Khai Paen here. It was served with roasted sesame seeds, which added just the right amount of nutty balance to the dish.  Also, the fried seaweed dish came with Jaew Bong. 10. Spring Rolls Spring rolls are my favorite, and I love the ones with fish stuffing the most. So, at Luang Prabang, a hub of freshwater fish, I had to try these spring rolls.  I had the fried ones with the vermicelli, giving the outer layer the right amount of crunch.  11. Banana Roti Traditionally, a banana roti is a flatbread with banana slices and a condensed milk topping. The bread's crispiness balances the banana filling's moisture.  The banana rotis are also served with chocolate syrup and sugar. I even tried the ones with an egg filling. 12. Grilled Chicken Skewers Now, the grilled chicken skewers here are different, mostly because of the prominent presence of lemongrass. And honestly, the amount of lemongrass used was a bit too much for my taste.  However, it’s the way the locals love it.  13. Lao Coffee Lao coffee, for me, was like the desert I could have every day and not get bored with. It is rich and sweet as it uses condensed milk.  However, the use of condensed milk does not overpower the strong aroma of coffee. 14. Fruit Shakes           View this post on Instagram                       A post shared by Escaping Abroad (@escapingabroad) The food stalls in Luang Prabang have some amazing fruit shakes. I loved the dragon fruit shakes here the most. However, mango and pineapple shakes are also easily available.  15. Rice Cakes With Coconut If the morning market treated me with the best khao soi, the night market treated me with the best rice cakes with coconut.  The Sun dipped, and the night market became alive with gold and red lanterns adorning the stalls. I could smell a mix of chili smoke, coconut milk, and sticky rice roasting on bamboo skewers. At a stall, I was sitting on a wooden bench with the locals, and I was waiting for my vegetarian buffet with stir-fried greens, bamboo shoots, and pumpkin curry to be served. Suddenly, the lady vendor of the stall smiled and nodded, and handed me a few rice cakes with coconut.  The dessert was as delightful as the night air in Luang Prabang, and despite many requests, the lady did not take any money for the rice cakes. Rather, we started having conversations and shared a laugh. Some soft Lao music was being played at a distance. So, my dinner moment at the night market became an act of bonding.  Almost one year later, I read an article about the distinct nature of food in Laos in the South China Morning Post. I could relate to what Saeng Douangdara, a Lao-American chef based in Los Angeles, said,  “For Lao people, food holds a central place. It serves as a unifying force that brings people together.”  Overall, I think the way people approach food here stems from the fact that it is a Buddhist land. It’s all about gratitude and mindful consumption.  How To Take The Best Food Tours In Luang Prabang? (Some Ideas To Explore) My local guide and the tuk-tuk drivers completely curated my food exploration journey in Luang Prabang. I became friends with Seng, a local tuk-tuk driver. He said,  “The best food isn’t in restaurants—it’s in the alleyways. Follow the locals.” My morning food tour in Luang Prabang to the market became all the more special by participating in the alms-giving ceremony.  You have to experience the profound meaning behind the restraint and silence of the entire experience to understand why it is spiritually elevating. Also, the night market has a charm of its own, and the morning and night markets both need to be explored on foot.  However, if you want a more luxurious tour, you can opt for something like Marriott Bonvoy Tours and Activities. Professional food guides conduct these tours, and the tour includes more than 15 tastings. It is a movable tour with many spots around the Old City. Furthermore, Asia Tours conducts a food tour in Luang Prabang with organic farm visits and learning to cook from a local chef. Also, Thrillophilia conducts a tour with a street food walk, cultural storytelling, and exploring vegetarian-friendly options.  Street Food Map & Walking Route In Luang Prabang If you ask me, I will tell you to keep the Luang Prabang food tour spontaneous, and you must listen to your local guide.  However, you can also follow this simple walking route map for a Luang Prabang food tour.  Taking a tuk-tuk or a walk to the Morning Market near Wat Mai Heading to Ban Phanluang for grilled fish stalls Exploring the night market at Sisavangvong Road Trying local drinks and Lao Tapas at Utopia Bar Morning Vs. Evening Market Guide Luang Prabang Here is a brief comparison between the morning and night markets in Luang Prabang. CriteriaMorning MarketNight MarketTiming• Opens at 5:30 AM• Starts around 5:00 PMBest for• Fresh Produce• Herbs• Breakfast Items• Grilled Meat• Souvenirs• DessertsMust Try Items• Khao Soi• Sticky Rice• Coconut Pancakes• Lao Sausage• Banana Roti• Grilled Fish A 2-Day Luang Prabang Food Tour Itinerary  Making an itinerary for a food tour is difficult, as you cannot rush it. The idea is not to consume as much as you can. It’s about cherishing the flavors, the cultural content, the bonding, the tradition, and the people behind it.  Still, here is a 2-day itinerary for the Luang Prabang food tour.  DaysActivitiesDay 1• Exploring the morning market at Phousi Road and participating in the alms-giving ceremony• Having coffee at Le Banneton• Lunch and cooking class at Tamarind Restaurant• Exploring the Night Market Food AlleyDay 2• Mekong Breakfast Cruise• Dara Market Visit• Lunch at Khaiphaen Restaurant• Visiting Whisky Village and trying Lao Lao Whisky• Dinner at Manda de Laos Luang Prabang Food And Buddhist Rituals  The Tak Bat Ceremony, or the alms giving ceremony, makes the food tour in Luang Prabang associated with Buddhist rituals. Monks are offered fruits and sticky rice at dawn.  Furthermore, food becomes the core of community celebration during festivals such as Pi Mai Lao or Lao New Year. In these festivals, the local people prepare food for monks.  In addition, food tour organizers such as A Chef’s Tour organize a Luang Prabang Food Tour, including a Monk Blessing Ceremony. Vegetarian Options In Luang Prabang Food  The vegetarian food options in Luang Prabang are many due to its Buddhist roots. You have to just say “Bor Sai Nyam” or “No Meat” to vendors to get vegetarian food.  Here are the alternatives or vegetarian versions for the popular staples in Luang Prabang.  Common FoodVegetarian AlternativeLarb• Options with mushrooms and tofu are available. Papaya Salad• Request not to use fish sauce in the dressingSpring Rolls• Use veg fillingsFruit Shakes• Avoid dairy products in the fruit shakes Sticky rice, the staple item in the Luang Prabang food, is already a vegan item. You can have it with any veg side or fried seaweed without the chilli and buffalo skin paste.  Estimated Food Prices In Luang Prabang  The budget of your food tour will depend on the places you eat. For example, the same dish brought from a street stall will cost at least 10000 LAK when you eat at a top-grade restaurant.  Furthermore, some delicacies such as the coconut pancakes or coconut rice cakes may not be available at all restaurants.  DishStreet Stall PriceRestaurant PriceKhao Soi10,000 LAK (\$0.50)30,000 LAK (\$1.50)Lao Sausage15,000 LAK (\$0.75)40,000 LAK (\$2.00)Grilled Fish25,000 LAK (\$1)60,000 LAK (\$3.00)Larb25,000 LAK (\$1.25)70,000 LAK (\$3.50) Things To Keep In Mind For A Delightful Luang Prabang Food Tour Arrive at the morning market before 6 AM to talk to the local vendors and have freshly made coconut pancakes, steamed sticky rice, and khao soi. Arriving before the crowd helps to have authentic conversations with the local vendors.  You must follow where the locals are heading. A smart tip: Find the food stalls in the alleys near the temples. You will often notice long queues in front of those shops.  Also, most street foods cost between 5,000 and 20,000 LAK. So, carry small change.  Make sure that the vendor at the food stall you visit is wearing gloves, and use clean utensils.   Keep your behavior respectful while taking part in an alms-giving ceremony or food tours blessed by monks.  Luang Prabang Food Tour: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about the Luang Prabang food tour.  1. What Is The Most Famous Street Food In Luang Prabang? Khao Soi, or the pork noodle soup, is the most famous street food in Luang Prabang. It is a popular breakfast item. However, it is a wholesome dish with pork, tomatoes, and subtle flavors. Unlike traditional Thai Khao Soi, the Luang Prabang Khao Soi does not use coconut-based curry. Instead, it has fermented soybean paste.  2. Is Street Food Safe In Luang Prabang? Yes, street food is safe in Luang Prabang. However, you have to visit food stalls that locals frequent. Also, drink bottled water. Most importantly, when trying local liquors at the Whisky Village or local stalls, take your guide's suggestions.  3. Can I Join A Food Tour As A Vegetarian? Yes, you can join a food tour as a vegetarian. You can always replace the minced pork or fish in springroll stuffing or choose tofu and mushrooms in larb. Just mention, Bor Sai Nyam or no meat to the vendor. In addition, you can customize the spice level in your food with adjustments in spice levels or ingredients.