Exploring the Geothermal Wonders of Lassen Volcanic National Park

BY  Nabamita Jul 19, 2022

Question: Which Is The Largest Freshwater Lake In India? Options: A.Chilka Lake ( Surface area  347 sq mi) B.Wular Lake ( Surface area 12 to 73 sq mi ) C.Naini Lake ( Surface area 4.53 sq mi) D.Periyar Lake (Surface area 2,084 sq mi)  Answer: Wular Lake Lake Wular is declared India's largest freshwater lake and Asia's second largest.                                  "Wular Lake is still in floods, The North Wind howling strong;                                 The shore is far away, and you    Must steer your course with care." — Kashmiri poet Mahjoor (1885-1952) Which Is The Largest Natural Freshwater Lake In India? Bandipora, Kashmir, and Wular Lake are formed in the lap of paradise due to tectonic activity. Jhelum River is the lake’s main source of water. At an altitude of 1,580 Km, Lake Wular is 24 Km in length. According to popular belief, the lake is the remains of the Satisar Lake.  The lake has willow tree plantations that started in the early 1950s. Since then, Lake Wular has been considered among India's most beautiful sites of natural heritage. History Of Lake Wular Sultan Zainul-Abi-Din gave the order to build the artificial island Zaina Lake in Wular Lake in 1444. Based on folklore, a city ruled by Raja Sudrasen was once on the border of the lake. But as a punishment for his crimes, the lake's water rose and drowned the king, his subject, and the city with him. During winter, when the water level was low, submerged ruins of a temple were seen. This sighting gave fuel to the folklore. Zainul-Abi-Din constructed a huge barge in the Lake and built a brick wall that rose to the water level. Wular Lake: History Amongst Nature Lake Wular is among the 49 other wetlands of India; all are a part of the Ramsar Site. Although it falls under “The Conventions of Wetlands”, established by UNESCO in 1971, Lake Wular faces certain environmental threats. They include threats like fertilizer pollution, waterfowl & migratory bird hunting, agriculture, and also animal waste. The lake is now half of what it was before. Wular has a number of fish habitation, which includes rosy barb, the common carb, mosquito fish, stone roller, and also Schizothorax. The fish from lake Wular make up the diet of thousands of people living in the area and everywhere in Kashmir. About eight thousand fishermen depend on lake Wular for their livelihood. 60% of fish in Kashmir comes from the lake itself. People from the nearby villages also harvest the plants like the Nymphoides and the Phragmites for animal fodder. The lake is home to thousands of birds. A few of them are the short-toed eagle, alpine swift, common cuckoo, golden eagle, and also the Himalayan monal. Lake Wular Tourism: The Largest Freshwater Lake In India Lake Wular is not only a perfect tourist attraction for Indian tourists but also recognized by International tourists as well. Wular lake plays a very important role in further expanding the tourism of Kashmir. When people ask, “which lake is the largest freshwater lake in India” this is what they refer to. To improve the tourism industry better in Kashmir, the Government of India came up with interesting watersports on the lake. This project was done in a joint collaboration with J&K and Kashmir tourism.  Sports such as water skiing and boating. The contract for this project was awarded in September 2011.  In 1986, lake Wular was made a part of the Wetland of National importance. This project was carried out under the Wetlands Programme by the Ministry of Environment & Forestry.  The lake was added was included due to its diverse hydrological, biological, and also socio-economic values. According to the Ramsar Convention project, the area surrounding the lake was a garbage dump. The inclusion in the Government project is for management purposes and also intensive conservation. Restoration Of Lake Wular A development project under the National Lake Conservation Programme has been launched to restore the former beauty of the lake. For this, about 2 million trees are to be cut down. The Ministry of Environment and Forest already approved a sum of Rs. 4 billion for the restoration project. And the work is estimated to take about 5 to 10 years of time. The schedule started in December 2011. The SAVE organization, or South Asian Voluntary Association of Environmentalists, took an interest in this initiative and joined the project. Their aim is to conserve the ecology and the surrounding nature of Lake Wular. Restoring such an enormous lake, the largest freshwater lake in India in India-controlled Kashmir will be difficult. Due to continuous violent attacks, such projects are difficult to proceed with. Wular Lake: The Biggest Freshwater Lake In India And Its Maintenance Concerns (A Sneak Peek Into The Latest Developments)Keeping the Wular Lake clean has been a concern for the Wular Conservation & Management Authority (WUCMA) and the Jammu and Kashmir Pollution Control Committee. On 3rd August 2024, Atal Dulloo, the state's Chief Secretary, met WUCMA, the JK Pollution Control Committee, and other concerned authorities to keep the lake clean.  Wular Lake has always been important in the tourism landscape of Baramulla and Kashmir at large.So, maintaining its cleanliness is crucial to boost tourist footfall in the area. The main agenda of the meeting was to ensure:Cleanliness of the lakeTake.strict measures against encroachers.Facilitate the ongoing beautification work of the lake.Development of the surrounding area for tourism with Wular Lake at the core.Earlier this year, the Jammu and Kashmir Government announced the adoption of 30 villages around India’s largest freshwater lake. Saderkoot, Garoora, and Payeen are the first three villages to run the pilot project on solid waste management around the lake. Currently, the lake gathers the wastage of the Jhelum River and the lake’s surrounding villages. Solid waste management is crucial to keep the lake clean, maintain hygiene, and maintain tourism activities in the area.   Places To See Near Wular Lake: The Largest Freshwater Lake In India  Wular Lake, India's largest freshwater lake, has many nearby tourist attractions. The lakes within 50 Km of the lake will soothe your eyes and offer you moments of tranquility.  The nearby Krishnasar and Vishansar lakes have mystical charm. Further, the Vishankar Lake is the source of the Neelum River. Krishnasar Lake is more popular as a fishing spot, and anglers visit here for trout.  Other lakes near Wular are: Alpather Lake Gangabal Lake Gadsar Lake Mansabal Lake Further, if you are an adventurous soul, you can visit Apharwat Peak, just around 20 Km away from Wular Lake. It is a popular skiing destination.  The best time to visit Wular Lake is June to April. So, plan your trip accordingly!  Lake Wular is not only the largest freshwater lake in India but also the second largest in Asia.  Lake Wular is also home to thousands of birds, fish, and underwater plants. The natural beauty of Lake Wular, along with the surrounding beauty of Kashmir, is what makes it a tourist attraction. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): 1. Which Is The Largest Lake In India? The largest lake in India is the Wular Lake which is in Kashmir. It is also one of the biggest freshwater lakes in the whole of Asia. 2. Which Is The Largest Freshwater Lake In The World? The largest freshwater lake in the world is Lake Baikal which is in Russia. Its length is 31,500 sq. km and has a depth of 1,632 meters. 3. Is Vembanad Lake The Largest In India? Also known as the Punnamada, it is the longest lake in India, situated in Kerala. Vembanad is also the largest lake in India. It has a length of 2033 sq. km. Wrapping Up! So, now you know the answer to which is the largest freshwater lake in India. India is known as a land of wonders, and Lake Wular is definitely one of the wonders of India. Lake Wular is not only the largest freshwater lake in India but also the second largest in Asia. The lake inspired many poets to write about its former glory, so restoring it is important. Lake Wular is also home to thousands of birds and fish and underwater plants as well. The natural beauty of Lake Wular, along with the surrounding beauty of Kashmir, is what makes it a tourist attraction. Read Also: Exploring The Unexplored: Which Is The Best Time To Visit Darjeeling? Top 5 Best Tourist Places In Coimbatore – Travel Guide Best Places For River Rafting In India

BY  Sibashree Sep 10, 2024

Lake Clark National Park is committed to subsistence. It’s a sincere effort not to impact the “physical and spiritual culture of Modern Alaska.” Further, the park authority wants to pass on the park’s history to the future generation and the public. So, it was not surprising when the park sought public opinion on the exploration of its mineral tracts (Johnson Tract).  Located in the Johnson River headwater, Johnson Tract is a polymetallic project, and mining of gold, silver, copper, zinc, and lead is possible here. Public comments on “transportation and port site easements” are invited so that there is better accessibility to Johnson Tract. However, the more important aspect of it is analyzing the environmental impact of the project on the park.  There will be the following activities, and the analysis report will likely be published in the fall of 2024.  Hydrological assessment Geotechnical assessment Surveys of cultural and natural resources  But that’s not all! There have been many published stories, such as “Dena'ina Ełnena,” “Canneries, Cabins, Caches,” and more on this national park. Moreover, storytelling by the Native community or the tradition of oral storytelling is still alive here as a part of the “University of Alaska Fairbanks program.”  The things I have discussed so far show how the park is focused on preserving its personal and shared identities. Now, I will delve into some related details and also talk about what makes Lake Clark National Park special in terms of places to visit and things to do.  Preserving History And Culture At Lake Clark National Park  Do you know the original name of Lake Clark? Dena’ina people call it “Qizhjeh Vena,” meaning “a place where people gathered lake.”  Further, the people of Dena’ina, or Athabascan culture, have made this region their home for thousands of years now. How they see the lake and the surrounding land as the main resource of their lives will change the common perspectives about this national park. It is not just a preserved space with wilderness, interesting landscapes, and scenic beauty! It is an account of human history.  Women were always taught to be independent in this culture. They knew how to set snares and ground squirrels. This was an important exercise so that they had to never be dependent on others for food.  Athabascan people, originally from Alaska, started residing here. Further, with time, they encountered people from Russia, the USA, Canada, and Western Europe. Thus, their way of living evolved. However, they have made an effort to preserve their old way of living, and subsistence is still the key to their lives.  I have already mentioned how the oral and written stories preserve the cultural spirit of the park for posterity. Further, the Natural and Cultural Museum of the park preserves many artifacts, geological samples, and ethnographic items so that you can learn about the physical, spiritual, and cultural transformations.  Here is a breakdown of the total 248,402 items preserved at the museum. Type of ItemNumbers Archeological Artifacts34,363Park Archive Documents202,397Historical Artifacts, Documents, And Photos4,663 Biological Specimens6,838Paleontological Specimens47Ethnographic Items16Geological Samples69Objects of Art 9 The museum specialists take special conservation measures to make these objects available for posterity.  These Are The Historically Significant Places In Lake Clark National Park And Preserve https://www.instagram.com/p/B_VbC2clywQ/ Many areas of the park have names in English and Dena’ina. The names in Dena’ina are crucial if you want to understand their significance and the story behind them. Here’s a brief list of the historical places to visit in this park.  Dena’ina Tinitun or Trails  Ancestral Telaquana Trail Tanalian Point Hnitsanghi’iy 'The Rock That Stands Alone' (Priest Rock) Qizhjeh Vena or Lake Clark Kijik (Qizhjeh) National Historic Landmark and Archeological District While the sites have historical significance, they also speak volumes about Dena’ina values and way of life. For example, the trails here show the importance of social, cultural, and ceremonial participation among Dena’ina people. Many also believe that these trails are like “geological and educational maps” for future generations.  Subsistence Is The Key At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve Dena’ina people believe that the wilderness and animals will be good. It is we, humans, who have to be respectful toward them. To adhere to this, people in Dena’ina culture develop a communal understanding, and learn how to make the most of the limited ecological resources available. To maintain the art of subsistence, the people of Dena’ina culture focus on the following aspects.  The Ethics of Taking Hunters need to donate some part of the meat to the ill, old people, and families. This exercise shows how the tribe prioritizes communal bonding. Further, along with food distribution, the exchange of knowledge and resources is equally important in this culture.  Hunting and Trapping https://www.instagram.com/p/B8M_BvyHeUx/ Hunting animals, especially caribou and moose, is important for survival. Further, the distribution of meat according to the “Ethics of Taking” also builds community cohesion.  Trapping is a year-long activity here. Small animals such as mink, river otter, and Alaska hare are trapped to support living. However, Dena’ina people learn the skills of not hurting others or non-targets while trapping small animals.  Plant Harvesting Dena’ina families use various parts of the plants for different purposes. They collect food from the plants, and some of the plants also have medicinal properties. Further, trees and plants are often sources of tools, fuel, wearable accessories, and ceremonial essentials for them.  Berries grow in abundance here. Northern black currant, crowberries, and blackberries are some common varieties. Crowberry and blackberry leaves are used to cure diarrhea. Further, the stems of crowberry have medicinal properties that cure kidney problems.  Fishing and Fish Camps Summer and fall are the seasons of salmon in the Lake Clark National Park and Reserve. During these seasons, this national park has the largest salmon migration in the world. Further, families reunite and celebrate, and tourists flock in great numbers to the park to see and catch salmon.  Pike, trout, grayling, and whitefish are other varieties of fish found here. In addition, there are Nundaltin Q’estsiq’ and other fish camps where fish is processed and a temporary community is built.  Ethnographic studies further support all these subsistence activities. These studies related to fishing and other outdoor activities and the art of Dena’ina people living around Lake Clark are crucial. These studies help the local people to respond better to the economic, environmental, and sociocultural changes.  Things To Do At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve The vast wilderness and unique geological features make Lake Clark National Park suitable for hiking, camping, boating, fishing, rafting, and many other outdoor pursuits. Make the most of your time at the park! 1. Rafting In The Wild River https://www.instagram.com/p/CeSJ6Hbo0gw/ Tlikakila, Mulchatna, and Chilikadrotna are three wild rivers in the park. All these rivers are great for rafting. However, you must adhere to the Alaska Office of Boating Safety guidelines to avoid mishaps.  2. Fishing https://www.instagram.com/p/Cvz9q0ns6ms/ May to October is the best season for fishing in the Lake Clark National Park. Lake Clark is the main fishing hub here, and you can also explore Crescent Lake and Silver Salmon Creek.  3. Hiking  https://www.instagram.com/p/CrgO6IoOATU/ Tanalian Trails are the most popular for your hiking expeditions in this park. You can walk to Tanalian Mountain, Kontrashibuna Lake, Beaver Pond, and Tanalian Falls.  Many hikers also try hiking the Lake Clark and Upper Twin Lake trails.  4. Bear Viewing  https://www.instagram.com/p/C9kRPM2OYmi/ Silver Salmon Creek, Chinitna Bay, and Crescent Lake are the best sites for bear viewing in Lake Clark National Park.  5. Camping  https://www.instagram.com/p/BCO9H6jgnnr/ The area near Hope Creek is suitable for camping. Cook Inlet Coast is another place where you can put up your camps.  Knowing The Wildlife At Lake Clark National Park And Preserve Lake Clark National Park And Preserve is the place where you will get to see a bear in the stream and coming out with a salmon between its teeth. Very few people know that this national park is home to as many as 37 terrestrial animals and 187 bird species.  Nonetheless, have a look at the table below to learn about the animals you will meet at this national park.  MammalsBrown bearsBlack bearsDall sheepCaribouWolvesMooseBirdsGolden-crowned sparrowBald eaglesGolden eaglesTrumpeter swansSea ducksOlive-sided flycatcherFishSockeye SalmonArctic GraylingRainbow troutPike Did You Know? People in the Lime Village believe that olive-sided flycatchers and golden-crowned sparrows announce the arrival of the salmon season (around 3.1 million every year).  Birds are seen around the inland lakes, mountains, and coastal areas.  Before You Set In… Lake Clark National Park is a place less trodden by. Here is a quick glance at the things you need to know.  Established: 2nd December, 1980 Area: 4,030,006 Acres Number of Visitors: 16,728 (2023) Best Time to Visit: Late Spring to Early Fall Highest Point: Redoubt Volcano (10,197ft) Visitors Center:  Port Alsworth Visitor Center  Entry Fee: Free Best Mode of Transport: Small Planes Run by Authorized Air Taxi Companies Yelp Rating: 4 Star Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.

BY  Sibashree Oct 28, 2024

Do you know where the name of the Zion National Park came from? The name has come from the Bible, as the Old Testament calls the City of Jerusalem Zion.  This national park has the most diverse landscape, with plateaus, forests, and deserts. Further, it is home to over 800 plant species and 290 bird varieties.  “A visit to a river, a canyon rim, and a pine forest will give you a chance to see plenty of different birds. Birds are very active at dawn and dusk. They sing more at these times, making them easier to locate than midday. Nocturnal birds like owls are also active at dawn and dusk, making them easier to locate than at night.” Ally O’Rullian, Ranger, Zion National Park. Hiking is the best activity in the park to enjoy a close encounter with the wildlife and geology of the park. Also, camping here and living under the stars will be an amazing experience. So, let’s be familiar with the hiking trails and campgrounds.  View this post on Instagram A post shared by Zion National Park (@zionnps) Hiking In Zion National Park, Utah View this post on Instagram A post shared by Zion National Park (@zionnps) Hiking is the most popular outdoor activity in Zion National Park, and kids also love the flat riverside walks. Moreover, trails like the one to the Emerald Pool are family-friendly.  Further, the park has more than 90 miles of hiking trails, and the number of trails is more than 100., I have curated some popular day hiking and backpacking trails for you here.  Day Hikes In Zion National Park The short day hikes in Zion National Park will take you to the wonderful views southwest of the park. Some hiking trails can be completed within one hour, and some will take an entire day. Further, these trails will take you through lush valleys and meadows and make you visit rugged mountains and deserts.  So, let’s explore the trails. 1. Watchman Trail Difficulty Level: Moderate Distance: 2.7 Miles Trekking Time: 2 Hours Pet-Friendly: No Trailhead: Zion Canyon Visitor Center Watchman Trail is one of my favorites in Zion National Park because it is peaceful. Also, it is a kid and family-friendly hiking trail with a beautiful view of the lower Zion Canyon.  You will further enjoy the view of the Towers of the Virgin and the town of Springdale from this trail.  Moreover, this trail is a great path to learn about the desert plantation in the park.  2. Lower Emerald Pool Trail  Difficulty Level: Easy Distance: 1.2 Miles Trekking Time: 1 Hour Pet-Friendly: No Trailhead: Zion Lodge The Lower Emerald Pool Trail is one of the easiest trails in the park, and you can explore the route with your family thanks to the gentle terrain.  Further, walking through the woods of pinyon and juniper is comfortable for children. Moreover, the hike ends with a refreshing view of the Lower Emerald Pool and waterfalls. These waterfalls are ephemeral.  However, if you want to explore more challenging trails, you can try the connecting Upper Emerald Pool and Kayenta trails.  3. Observation Point Difficulty Level: Difficult Distance: 8 Mile Trekking Time: 7 Hours Pet-Friendly: No Trailhead: Weeping Rock The Observation Point trek through the East Rim Trail stands out because it offers the best view of the nearby attractions. Further, you will especially love the view of Zion Canyon’s lower end.  However, this trekking route comes with 2200 feet of steep elevation. So, ensure that you have the right physical endurance and proper hydration.  4. Pa’Rus Trail Difficulty Level: Easy Distance: 3.5 Miles Trekking Time: 1 Hour Pet-Friendly: Yes Trailhead: Visitor Center If you want to watch the best sunset in Zion National Park and capture beautiful landscape views, Pa’Rus Trail is the best hiking route for you. Further, it is the only national park trail allowing dogs and pets.  It is an easy trek. You can explore it with your kids and family. You will begin the trek listening to the serene sounds of the Virgin River. Then, as you advance, you will get the best view of the Watchman.  Backpacking Hikes In Zion National Park Overnight hiking or backpacking trips are very popular in Zion National Park. Despite being strenuous hikes, these trails offer the most scenic views.  If you are willing to explore any of the following backpacking trails, you must have proper food, water, and supplement arrangements.  La Verkin Creek Trail Trail Distance: 14.4 Miles Trail Head: Lee Pass Difficulty Level: Challenging The La Verking Creek Trail takes you to the Kalob Arch. It is one of the biggest free-standing arches in the world.  As you start the trek from Lee Pass, you will walk through open canyons, and the route along Timber Creek will offer you the best cliff views.  If you want to extend your hiking trip further, you can continue your walk to the Bear Trap Canyon or the Willis Canyon. Summer and fall are the best seasons for backpacking trips to the La Verkin Creek Trail.  The Narrows View this post on Instagram A post shared by Zion National Park (@zionnps) Trail Distance: 16 Miles Hike Start: The Temple of Sinawava Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate (Based on the River Volume) Despite having an easy-to-moderate difficulty level, The Narrows is one of the most challenging hikes in this national park.  The meandering trekking route will take you through various canyons. However, you must first walk through the Virgin River as there is no alternative loop.  Here, you must note that the water level in the Virgin River keeps fluctuating. Based on the amount of rainfall and snowfall, the varying water levels of the Virgin River will pose challenges. The table below gives you a clear picture of the probable difficulties.  Water Level of Virgin RiverChallenges/Consequences Below 70 cubic feet per second (CFS)Moderately difficult walkingKnee-deep waterSlippery terrain Above 70 CFSChallenging walkingMid-thigh deep waterWater in some pools can be chest-deepAbove 150 CFSThe Virgin River and The Narrows are close for hiking.  The Narrows remain closed even when there is an announcement for Flash Floods. So, check with the park authority about the “present water current level” and announcements.  West Rim Trail Trail Distance: 14.2 Miles  Trail Head: Lava Point  Difficulty Level: Strenuous  The West Rim Trail is one of the most challenging treks in Zion National Park. The elevation change here is close to 3500 feet, and you must make a steep ascent toward the Wildcat Canyon rims. Then, you will make a descent.  In addition, the West Rim Trail offers the best views of the Phantom Valley. If you are in for a backpacking trip to the West Rim Trail, late spring, summer, and fall will be the best seasons.  Camping In Zion National Park, Utah Though 2023 saw a dip in visitors to Zion National Park, it is still one of the most visited parks in the USA. In 2023, the park had less than 4.65 million visitors compared to 4.69 million visitors in 2022.  The red rock formations and canyons carved by water are some of the biggest attractions in this US national park, and camping is surely the best way to get to know the park better.  Zion National Park has three campgrounds, but the South Campground is closed for a long-term rehabilitation project. So, here I will discuss the Watchman Campground and Lava Point Campground.  Watchman Campground https://www.instagram.com/p/C84eLoOtJP8/ This campground is very close to the Zion Canyon Visitor Center, and if you are entering the park from the  South Entrance in Springdale, you will have to go only ¼ miles to find this campground.  Each campsite in the campground has a picnic table, a place for a tent or RV, and fire ring access. Further, here is a detailed picture of the amenities and fees at the camping ground.  Amenities and FeesAvailable/Details Cell Phone NetworkYesInternet ConnectivityNoCamp StoreNoIce for SaleNoLaundryNoAmphitheater SeasonalFirewood for Sale NoTrash CollectionYesDump StationYesPotable WaterAvailableFood Storage LockerYesStaff on SiteYesShower TypeNot AvailableFlush ToiletYesFeesElectric Campsites: $45Non-Electric Tent Only Campsites: $35Group Campsites - $90-130 per personAccessible Sites: According to the Price of a Particular Site with Special Discounts for Access Pass Holders Watchman Campground sites are available on a reservation basis. You can book six months before your trip to secure a preferred spot.  Lava Point Campground It is a seasonal campground, operating only from May to September. Further, located at a 7890-foot height, this campground is closest to Kolob Terrace Road.  Also, if you enter the park from its southern entrance, you must drive for one hour and 20 minutes to reach this campground.  However, with 6 primitive camping sites, Lava Point Campground does not have most of the amenities of the Watchman Campground. Therefore, you will only get the following facilities here. Pit toilets Trash cans Seasonal trash collection Staff on site on a seasonal basis Moreover, you will have to pay a fee of $25 to reserve a spot in this campground. Further, it cannot accommodate vehicles longer than 19 feet.  Zion National Park At A Glance  Zion National Park Location: Utah, The USA Area: 232 Square Miles Visitor Centers: Zion Canyon and Kolob Canyons Entry Fee: Standard Entrance Passes Highest Point: Horse Ranch Mountain Established: 19th November 1919 So, it’s fall here, and Zion National Park is gearing up for winter. When are you planning a visit?  Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.