Discover Joshua Tree National Park: Unique Fun Facts Revealed

Oct 28, 2024

Last Updated on: Jun 12, 2025

Travel Blog

With mountains, faults, monoliths, deserts, and unique geological formations, Joshua Tree National Park has emerged as an important ecological hub of California. Further, as the name goes, the park has the most amazing Joshua Tree, a Yucca palm species that became famous with the Joshua Tree album by U2. 

Spanning 800,000 acres and situated at 5000 feet above sea level, this national park is like a natural tapestry. Further, 85% of this national park is still pristine wilderness.

So, there is no wonder that a place like this harbors the best secrets and fun facts that are yet to be explored. 

Here, I will share some amazing info about the park’s history, fossils, cryptobiotic crusts, and more.

Joshua Tree National Park is about to complete 30 years of its designation as a national park on 31st October 2024. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt designated it as a national monument in 1936.

Things No One Talks About Joshua Tree National Park 

Things No One Talks About Joshua Tree National Park

The basics are boring! There is no fun in visiting a place that does not have stories to tell. However, this national park, designated in 1994, has mountains and ecological units that echo the tales of history, changes, and humanity. 

Let’s get into the stories, but before that, let me give you a brief account about when and how to visit the park. September to November is the best time to explore the park due to pleasant weather conditions. 

Further, the Annual Night Sky Festival occurs in the park in October. It’s a delightful experience for people of all age groups.

Thomas Crochetiere writes many fascinating stories about Joshua Tree National Park in his “The History of Joshua Tree National Park: A historical, informational, and educational timeline of Joshua Tree National Park.” 
If you are interested in the park’s history, you can grab a Kindle edition of the book. 

1. Fascinating Historical Tales About Joshua Tree National Park 

Fascinating Historical Tales About Joshua Tree National Park

Human history in Joshua Tree National Park is as old as 15000 years. Two archaeologists, William Campbell and Elizabeth Campbell, further discovered the existence of Pinto culture in this park.

Pinto Culture In The Park 

People belonging to this Pinto Culture used to stay in cool grassland environments here, and they were primarily hunters.

Pinto culture in the national park was discovered by archaeologists thanks to the triangular-shaped spears, scraping and cutting tools, and seed-processing tools. 

All the implements that established a Pinto connection to the place indicate that the Pinto people led a bohemian lifestyle. Along with hunting, they also practiced seasonal harvesting. 

Native Americans Occupying Joshua Tree National Park 

Europeans came to Joshua Tree National Park in the late 18th century. However, the park had three groups of Native Americans. They followed the Pinto culture, thriving locally in the park.

These three tribes were:

  • Cahuilla
  • Serrano
  • Chemehuevi

The Chemehuevi tribe was the latest to occupy the national park, and they came to this park from the Great Basin of Nevada in 1500

All these tribes adopted the tools of the Pinto people, and they improved and diversified them. 

Cattlemen First Occupied The Joshua Tree National Park 

Joshua Tree National Park has every element of a Western movie. The western side of the park had higher elevations during the 1870s. These areas also received a higher rainfall and had different species of native grasses. 

As a result, many cattle owners used to flock to these parts of the park for cattle grazing. 

William “Bill” McHaney was the earliest cattleman in this park. He was a legendary figure, and he took his Texas Longhorns to these higher valleys. 
He will be known for living in the national park and exploring the area for around 60 years. 
Further, his brother, Jim, built a gang to steal cattle from Mexico and Arizona. 

Discovery Of Gold In Joshua Tree National Park 

Discovery Of Gold In Joshua Tree National Park

The 19th century was the biggest highlight in the Joshua Tree National Park. Miners flocked to this park in great numbers for the discovery of gold. Twentynine Palms was the first area to have mining expeditions in the park in the late 1860s. 

The presence of water in the Oasis of Mara was the main reason behind extensive mining expeditions at Twentynine Palms. 
Gold was collected from dirt using dry washing. The process was fun, and it involved throwing dirt mixed with dust into the air. The dirt was caught as it came down in the air, and this process continued until the mix only had gold dust. 

Desert Queen Mine was a more successful gold mining venture in the park. It was Frank L. James, an employee of the Lost Horse Mine, who discovered the vein of gold in the Northern Queen Valley.

Unfortunately, he had to lose his life at the hands of  Charles Martin. Martin was a part of the notorious cattle-rustler gang of Jim McHaney. Jim McHaney was the brother of William “Bill” McHaney, a legendary figure in the park. 

Joshua Tree National Park Had An Important Role To Play During World War I 

Joshua Tree National Park Had An Important Role To Play During World War I

The dry, desert climate of Joshua Tree National Park was beneficial for the war veterans suffering from the effects of the mustard gas. This gas was so lethal that it had to be banned after World War I.

Did You Know?
The Geneva Gas Protocol Treaty, signed in 1925 by most countries, banned the use of biological and chemical weapons in war. 

Germans introduced mustard gas in 1917, and any contact with the gas used to cause skin burns, blisters, and respiratory problems. Patients hit by this gas needed to get hospitalized for the treatment of chemical burns and respiratory issues. 

Moreover, the survivors of the mustard gas attacks had greater risks of developing cancer. 

2. Fossils Of Joshua Tree National Park 

The fossils in the Joshua Tree National Park tell us about the geological evolutions, extreme natural events, and biodiversity. So, what were the animals that roamed here when the earth was a cooler and greener space? Let’s have a look at the list below. 

  • Columbian mammoths
  • Dire wolves
  • Camels
  • Horses
  • Llamas
  • Giant ground sloths
  • Saber-toothed cats 
  • Bison
  • American Pronghorn
Did Dinosaurs Live At Joshua Tree National Park? Scientists believe that Joshua Tree National Park had dinosaurs. Some of the oldest rocks in the park are from the dinosaur era. 
However, being metamorphic and igneous, these rocks could not preserve the skeleton of the dinosaurs. So, there is no “black and white” evidence regarding the existence of dinosaurs in the park yet. 

The oldest fossil found in the park is the tooth of a pocket gopher. It was found in a 7.8 million years old sediment. The park has many other microfossils that are even older. 

Moreover, the midden of the pack rats has been a gold mine for finding plant and insect species. At least 12 species of plants were found in the midden, and the oldest was around 30,000 years old.

In addition, the darkling beetle fossils in the midden come from various ages. The oldest dates back to  34,000 years ago, and the latest is as old as 1000 years old. 

Above all, the human artifacts and bones collected in this midden speak of human history and the evolution of their lifestyle. 

3. Cryptobiotic Crusts Of Joshua Tree National Park 

What are cryptobiotic crusts? They are hidden biotic organisms present on the surface of the park soil. Blue-green algae or cyanobacteria are the leading cryptobiotic crusts at Joshua Tree National Park. The other forms of cryptobiotic crusts present in the park soil are:

  • Mosses
  • Lichens
  • Microfungi
  • Bacteria
  • Green algae

Now, these cryptobiotic crusts are important to bind the sand and soil particles of the park together. In other words, they prevent soil erosion caused by wind and water.   

4. Spiritual Stories And Symbolism Around Joshua Tree National Park

“The Joshua Tree” album by Irish band U2 brought the spiritual connection or symbolism around the Joshua trees in the park under the spotlight. The album explores the gap between the promised land and the real land of America.

The desert also stood for the desolation of the soul, while the Joshua trees, surviving in extreme weather conditions, became the symbol of hope and prayer.

However, you must go back around 180 years to trace how Joshua trees have always been associated with symbolism and Biblical stories. In the 1850s, the Mormon pioneers crossed the Mojave Desert and saw these trees. 

The upraised branches of the trees reminded them of Joshua, who stretched his arms to the sky for prayer and led the “Israelites into the Promised Land.” So, this is how these Yucca Palm trees got their new name. 

5. Joshua Tree National Park Is The Best For Stargazing 

As International Dark Night Sky, Joshua Tree National Park is one of the best places in California for stargazing. The following parking lot areas are best for Joshua Tree National Park stargazing.

  • Hidden Valley
  • Ryan Mountain
  • Quail Springs
  • Cap Rock

Along with these places, you can also choose Pinto Basin for an amazing stargazing experience. 

How To Reach Joshua Tree National Park?

How To Reach Joshua Tree National Park?

Joshua Tree National Park has three entrances. The table below details these entrances and will help you pick the right one based on the location you are traveling from.

Park Entrance GateLocation Ideal For Tourists From
West EntranceAt Park Blvd Off Highway 62Los AngelesPalm SpringsSan Diego
North Entrance29 Palms, Off Highway 62Las Vegas
South EntranceCottonwood Spring, Off Highway 10Salton Sea area

The West Entrance is the main entrance to Joshua Tree National Park. You must drive through California Highway 62 or Interstate 10 road to reach here. 

Further, if you are traveling by air, you must reach Palm Springs Airport, and from there, you can rent a car. The Los Angeles International Airport is also 150 miles away from this park.  

Also read

Share on Social Media

Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

title-img Related

READ MORE is agoda legit

Trust Or Bust: Here’s My Agoda Experience!

BY  Abdul Aziz Dec 7, 2023

Are you attracted to Agoda for its alluring airfare and hotel offers? However, you are a wise traveler and are aware that appealing offers frequently have exorbitant fees. This could put your hard-earned money at risk of being lost. So the question remains: is Agoda legit? Let's investigate! Is Agoda Legit? Since Booking Holdings is the largest online travel company in the world, Agoda is unquestionably legitimate. If something goes wrong or you need to make changes, cancel, or receive a refund, Agoda can make things more difficult. In essence, Agoda serves as a go-between for you and airlines and lodging. As an intermediary, Agoda manages your reservation and takes payment on your behalf. The payment does not go to the hotel or airline you booked with. Because your contract is with Agoda and not the hotels or airlines directly, they will not be responsible for providing you with assistance. You will have to contact Agoda in the event that something goes wrong and you need help. They will then get in touch with the airline or hotel in question on your behalf and give you the information you need. In a similar vein, Agoda is the entity you will need to contact for any modifications, cancellations, or refunds. And because of this—the involvement of a third party, Agoda—things could be challenging. Especially in the event that something goes wrong or you need to cancel, make changes, or get a refund, especially when it comes to flights. Reservation Tips Bear the following in mind before making a reservation on Agoda: It is true that booking through Agoda can save you money compared to making direct reservations. There is a significant risk involved: it can make any mishap more difficult to handle. Additionally, you should be aware of the following three significant risks and disadvantages of using Agoda for reservations: Reservation Issues Your hotel reservation through Agoda or any other online travel agency can be at risk of cancellation. Occasionally, Agoda forgets to let the hotel know about a guest's reservation, which leads to either no reservation at all or an overbooking of the same room. However, occasionally, the hotels will also "bump" the least expensive visitors who booked through an internet travel company like Agoda. They will proceed to resell their room to a more direct buyer. Additionally, they lie to the guest by pretending that their reservation never happened when they got to the hotel. There's no guarantee that this problem will cease to exist. Even though Agoda might try to talk to your hotel about it—especially if it's an urgent one. No Control Over The Standard Of Hotels Since Agoda and other online travel agencies are merely middlemen, they have little control over the quality of the hotels. This is another risk or disadvantage of using them to book a room. Even though Agoda offers hotel listings, it's crucial to remember that the listing and the actual hotel might not always match. Therefore, there is nothing you can do if the hotel you reserved does not match the listing. Having made the booking through Agoda, you have limited powers to question the quality. It's crucial to set reasonable expectations when contacting Agoda about these kinds of problems because there's no assurance that they'll issue a refund, make another reservation at a nearby hotel, or provide any other kind of resolution. Likewise, since the hotel is not directly in charge of your reservation, do not anticipate receiving a refund or any other kind of resolution from them. This kind of scenario raises the possibility that Agoda will push things onto the hotel and that the hotel staff will then push things back onto Agoda, trapping you in the middle. Consequently, you will be forced to accept the hotel as it is. No Refunds For Non-Refundable Bookings It's crucial to know that Agoda normally does not issue refunds for non-refundable reservations. This is regardless of any unforeseen events that might affect your trip arrangements. However, it is definitely a legitimate online travel agency in terms of legitimacy. How? Personally, I've used Agoda to book hotels, and I haven't had any problems. In fact, when I want to book a hotel, I always use it. It is important to note that Agoda is owned by Booking Holdings, the global leader in online travel. Not only does Booking Holdings own Agoda, but it also possesses a wide range of well-known online travel companies, such as Booking.com, Priceline, Kayak, OpenTable, and others. You should always book directly if there is little to no price difference between booking through Agoda and directly. Agoda may be providing you with a far better deal than making a direct reservation with a hotel or airline. It all depends on your level and willingness to accept specific risks. Some of them are: Book Directly Or Through Agoda? You will have to consider the price difference between the two options. If Agoda does offer a cheaper rate, there are certain risks to consider, like: Difficulties and delays in resolving the issues and making changes, cancellations, and getting refunds, particularly in the case of flights. No reservation with the hotel. Accepting the hotel as it is. No refunds (in most cases) for non-refundable reservations, regardless of any circumstances that may arise. I personally strongly advise against using Agoda to book flights. The reason is that using Agoda to book flights makes it very difficult to make any changes. If you're willing to accept the aforementioned risks and drawbacks and the price difference is substantial, I would only suggest using Agoda to book hotels. Wrapping Up While using Agoda to make a reservation complicates, the website is a reputable source for travel arrangements. Agoda is a reliable source for bookings and typically offers lower prices than direct bookings. Does this imply that Agoda is the best place to book? Well, as previously stated, it mostly boils down to personal preferences. But to close out this piece, here are some passing recommendations I have: Avoid using Agoda to book anything, especially flights. The exception would be hotels, and that too only if: You can get a far better deal on Agoda than if you book directly with the hotel. You accept the dangers and disadvantages outlined above. If you adhere to the previously mentioned advice, you can reduce those risks and disadvantages. If you have thoughts to share or questions to ask, please leave a comment below. We would love to hear from you! Read Also: This Is My Experience With Play Airlines! Here’s What I Found Out About Aha Airlines! Condor Airlines: Is Booking Tickets On Condor Worth It?

READ MORE eva air

This Is My Experience With Eva Air!

BY  Abdul Aziz Oct 5, 2023

Long-haul flights are dreadful. The stark, urbane terminals and the long nights of tiresome, cram-y seating sure work you up just thinking about it. The flights that roll over to the next morning always have some drama up their sleeves. Then came the rescue team from Taiwan- EVA Air, which is currently one of the 10 Skytrax 5-star airlines in the world. Would you believe it if I told you it was little known even up until a few years back? It was founded in 1989. However, I started hearing about this flight in the early 1990s when my extended family would talk about this new carrier with non-stop flights on B747-400 jets. Back then, it sounded like a story from another realm. I would hear them talk about the aroma of delicious noodles when woken up from sleep by a flight attendant as a late-night snack. I also heard of the very non-conforming Sanrio aircraft that were Hello Kitty Jets, decked out completely from the headrests to the meal cutlery. Everything featured the widely adored character. I finally had the chance to board it. Despite all the different things that this airline was revolutionizing, the most exciting part as a young traveler still remained the all-new cabin category between the economy and the EVA Air business class. This change was surprisingly affordable, and I was willing to upgrade for my 14+ hour flight home. Here I am going to share my experience of flying from New York to Taipei. Stay tuned because you are about to find out the hype behind Eva Air flights and a pretty up-close EVA Air Premium Economy review. The Beginning Of EVA Air Premium Economy Image Source: www.evaair.com The press releases from the airline say that AVA Air’s first trans-Pacific debut took place on December 12, 1992. It had four cabins, which was a first at that time. The four cabins included Super First, Super Deluxe, Economy Deluxe, and Economy. With Economy Deluxe, the airline became the first to introduce an improved economy cabin that is the Economy Deluxe. It became a benchmark for the airline as most others took two to three decades to introduce this cabin to their list of offerings. Recently (last summer), KLM debuted its premium economy. The seat prices are reasonable with business class-like perks. My Taipei experience was very endearing to me because of its convenient pair-up of high quality and affordability. The street food, the stationery, and the convenience stores all added to my love for Taipei. The EVA Air flight was a big cherry on top because all of that now comes in an aircraft. Read More: Here’s What I Found Out About Aha Airlines! A New Version 30 Years Later Image Source: www.evaair.com Three decades since its first flight, I booked the Premium Economy class for my way back to Taipei from NYC. The perks of this flight began even before I boarded it. This airline offers free shuttles from 2 Pennsylvania and 5 New Jersey locations toward JFK Airport. Dallas to Houston Airport also offers a free shuttle service. It has successfully removed one of the biggest issues of international travel, which is simply getting to the airport. I took a $20 Uber to the Jersey City stop, which would have otherwise been a $130 Uber ride all the way to the airport. Being a part of the Star Alliance, I was granted access to the lounge with my United Gold status. It allowed me to upgrade my boarding from Zone 4 to Zone 1. As soon as I got into the cabin, it felt luxurious. They used sweet endearments with my name in Mandarin. They helped me settle in my seat and confirmed my meal selection, which I had previously made online. The seats had a 2-4-2 arrangement, and I had managed to secure a front-row seat, which meant no under-seat coverage but plenty of leg space. On my seat, there were slippers, a water bottle, noise-canceling headphones, and a cozy blanket that felt like a cloud. The blanket was quilted on one surface and had faux fur on the opposite side. How It Went An attendant soon came and gave me an overnight bag. It was a Kipling amenity kit consisting of Hudson Made New York products. It had the brand’s trademark monkey keychain with a scene of Taiwan’s Yilan on the bag. My entire EVA Air flight felt like a warm, pamper session with juice, fruits, and snacks while suspended at 30,000 feet mid air. The breakfast was amazing, with Chinese-style scallop congee with egg & Chinese sausage. There was an option for another Western version that comprised smoked turkey accompanied by cheddar cheese. There was also a “leisure delight” meal in between the meals with BBQ chicken-filled brioche roll. The restrooms were clean, and I can say so because I went three times, and it was clean each time. To clarify, I took a private plane recently that got filthy by the last hour of the flight, which was one-third the duration of the EVA Air. When I took the return journey, I wanted to take things further, getting myself the business class name Royal Laurel. It featured 6.5-foot-long lie-flat seats, a retractable armrest, a cocktail table, and a shoe cabinet. This cabin had a 1-2-1 configuration with dated seats compared to other airlines. EVA Air raised the bar, however, with their Rimowa & Salvatore Ferragamo branded care kit and a complementary Jason Wu pajama set. All the passengers ended up wearing it, and I, too, could not resist it. I wore it all the way home. The plaid duvet was so snug and comfy I asked where I could buy one. At one point, I fell asleep and dreamt of those noodles. But it was not my dream… they did bring noodles in between our slumber, and it just completed the experience all around. Wrapping Up Have you flown EVA Air before or recently? What was your experience like? What do you think about the Premium Economy class? If you have thoughts to share or questions to ask, please leave a comment below. We would love to hear from you! Read Also: This Is What I Felt About Aruba Airlines! Fly In Style: Your Ultimate Guide To Lot Polish Airlines Adventures! Journey To The Skies: Exploring The Legacy Of Northwest Airlines!

READ MORE things to do in austin texas

Unique Things To Do In Austin Texas | A Complete Texas Guide For You

BY  Sibashree Dec 18, 2024

Year-round sunshine and a pleasant weather condition make Austin the hub of outdoor pursuits. So, from hiking and biking to visiting the best parks, you have a lot of unique things to do in Austin Texas.  Also, you must not forget that Austin is home to the Circuit of The Americas. It is the venue of the  Formula 1 United States Grand Prix. So, Austin is the place if you want a good mix of adrenaline rush and quiet retreat in nature.   Moreover, tourism is in the soul of Austin. No wonder that almost every renowned platform like Forbes, Money Magazine, or the US News and World Report considers Austin one of the topmost places to sell for tourism. So, do you also want to explore the things to do in Austin Texas? Here is your Tour and Travel guide.  Unique Things To Do In Austin Texas (Including Free Activities While Traveling On A Shoestring) Spring (March to May) and Autumn (September to November) are the best seasons to visit Austin. You can expect a mild temperature in these seasons, with temperatures recorded around 70 degrees F. Avoid visiting Austin in the summer. The temperature shoots up to 90 degrees F, and the high humidity in the air makes it even more uncomfortable.  Nevertheless, when in Texas, you must not miss the following activities. 1. Visiting The Zilker Metropolitan Park The Zilker Metropolitan Park is located on the banks of the Colorado River. This 350-acre space is a great space for strolling. Here, you can also take a dip at the Barton Springs Pool.  Moreover, the Zilker Metropolitan Park is the venue for some of the most happening events in the city. It hosts the ABC Kite Fest and Austin City Limits Musical Festival.  2. Hiking And Biking At Ann And Roy Butler Trail Are you looking for free things to do in Austin Texas, and want to spend some time in nature? You must visit the Ann And Roy Butler Trail for biking and hiking. The trail leads you to Lady Bird Lake.   It is also a popular place for running and walking for the locals.  The trail has a 1.3-mile boardwalk, and from here, you can enjoy the most amazing views of Downtown Texas. Moreover, the highlights here are the zinc belts featuring the lyrics of the most famous songs of Texas.  The fountains and scenic overlooks further make this place perfect for complete relaxation. Also, when you are at the Ann And Roy Butler Trail, you can see the Austin bats. Austin is famous for these nocturnal creatures and it is the biggest habitat of bats in the entire North America.  3. Planning A Visit To Texas Capitol If you are traveling on a shoestring and want to explore the best things to do in Austin Texas, a visit to the Texas Capitol is a great idea. It is free of cost, and you can explore the entire area in one to two hours. In 1986, the Texas Capitol became a National Historic Landmark. Further, it has secured a place in the National Register of Historic Places. The Texas Capitol is engineered with Texas granite and is even taller than the US Capitol in Washington DC by 14 feet.  Today, the Goddess of Liberty statue at the top of this dome is made of aluminum. The earlier statue was made of zinc and it was replaced during the massive restoration work in the 1990s.  4. A Free Visit To The University Of Texas In Austin A visit to the University of Texas in Austin is a must if you are looking for free things to do in Austin Texas. The Moody Center here is a popular venue for concerts and is widely visited by residents and tourists. Do you want to watch a grand Broadway show? You can catch a show at the Bass Concert Hall. The Bass Concert Hall even hosts small traveling acts.  However, to have the most maddening experience here, you have to visit the Darrell K. Royal-Texas Memorial Stadium. It can accommodate over 100000 visitors and the open-air setup resonated the cheer on the days of UT football games.  5. Watch The Austin City Limits Live At The Moody Theater https://www.instagram.com/p/DAByJSizAU9/ Are you a fan of The Austin City Limits? You must plan a visit to the Moody Theater. In the history of American Television, Austin City Limits is the longest-running musical series.  Before you catch a live screening of the series at Moody Theater, you can also take a tour. The tour starts from 11 AM from Monday to Saturday and continues for 90 minutes.  6. Spending Some Time By Lake Travis There is no dearth of natural wonders in Austin, and Lake Travis is surely one of the most prominent among them. Its shoreline is 271 miles and it has a length of 64 miles.  Lake Travis is created by taming the water of the Colorado River with the Mansfield Dam. You can take a drive along the dam to assess the vastness and beauty of this lake.  Furthermore, you can stop by the Mansfield Dam Park on the way. It is a beautiful place for a lot of outdoor pursuits. You can enjoy swimming, scuba diving, and hiking here.  Moreover, the sunset looks most beautiful at Lake Travis. So, it is called the “Sunset Capital of Texas.”  7. Visiting The Circuit Of The Americas https://www.instagram.com/p/DCsQW_juS8a/?hl=en&img_index=1 If you are in Austin in October and are a Formula 1 fan, you must visit the Circuit Of The Americas (COTA). It hosts the United States Grand Prix Race every October. Attend this event to experience the most beautiful fusion of light and speed. With the crowd going crazy in the stadium for their favorite teams and racers, the ambiance becomes electric during the race. The racing track also has the Germania Insurance Amphitheater. It’s the largest venue for outdoor concerts in Austin.  Moreover, you can visit the COTA tower here and reach the observation platform for a Hawkeye view of the racing track below and the entire surroundings. The ticket will cost you around $35. Are you looking for more unique things to do in Austin Texas? You must plan a visit to South Congress Avenue, Blanton Museum of Art, and Sixth Street.  Also read Why Include Whale Watching In Your LA Itinerary. Traveling On A Budget: Tips For Affordable Adventures. From Cocktails To Kickflips: Must-Try Activities In San Diego.