I stood before the remnants of the South Pueblo walls, looking over the Mission Church on an autumn day last year. Looking at the archaeological site and standing below the blue fall sky, I was transported to the time of the American Revolution.
Further, I could hear the noise of a bustling trade fair with people from the Pecos Pueblo community doing business. However, the historical importance of the park is much beyond its association with the American Revolution. It is also related to the Civil War in New Mexico and the Independence of Mexico.
So, with centuries of human history etched in every corner, the Pecos National Historical Park is an intersection of past tales and nature. To be honest, The Pecos Pueblo and Santa Fe Trail were the biggest highlights for me when I was at the national park.
Therefore, my ode to the park will start with brief accounts of these places. Then, I will talk about the Glorieta Pass, again a site of historical importance in the park. Finally, you will have a quick look at the park’s wildlife.
Pecos National Historical Park: A Land Of Historic Wars And Revolutions
The history of human lives in the Pecos National Historical Park goes back to the Preceramic Period or the 11,500 B.C.E. – 600 C.E. However, the Pecos Pueblo site in the park became a prominent place in the history of the American Revolution in the Early Colonial and Pre-Revolt era.
Spanish people started interacting with the Pueblo people. Further, thanks to the Franciscan Missions, the Spanish rule wanted to have command over the economic life and beliefs of the Pueblo people.
Thus, the first seeds of the American Revolution were sown. To combat the oppression of the Spanish people, the Pueblo Revolt took place on 10th August 1680. As a result, the Spanish Government and Franciscan Friars were expelled from the southwest under the leadership of Po’pay from Ohkay Owengeh. The Spanish Mission Church, built in 1625, was also destroyed in the revolt of 1680.
However, in 1692, the Spanish People further reclaimed the Pecos Pueblo and many other pueblos. Finally, the Pueblo people declined in numbers in 1700. Before, during, and after the first American Revolution, The Pecos Pueblo emerged as an important location with significant events around it!
Further, around 200 years later (1821-1846 C.E.), another site in the park, the Santa Fe Trail, witnessed travelers, settlers, and everyone else passing through it. The trail was opened in 1821 after Mexico gained its independence from Spain.
The remains of Pecos Pueblo stood there! By the 1830s, the migration of the Pubelo people was complete, and everyone had shifted to the Pueblo of Jemez and continued their traditions.
Moreover, in 1862, there was the “Battle of Glorieta Pass.” On 26th March 1862, this battle between the Union forces and Confederates occurred at a 700 feet elevation.
The rise of the Pecos Pueblo site occurred between 1350 C.E. and 1838 C.E. The Pueblo site had two units, the north and south, and could accommodate around 2000 people. Further, it had 1000 rooms.
Therefore, Pecos Pueblo thrived as a busy trading center with trade fairs involving people from Rio Grande Pueblos, Plains Nations, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Coast. The flint arrowheads and shells found here explain the expansive stretch of the route.
Nevertheless, with time, Pecos Pueblo became instrumental in eliminating Spanish oppression and rule. Still, a drop in the trade, Comanche attacks, and diseases deserted Pecos Pueblo. By 1838 C.E., the last resident of the Pueblo had left and joined the Pueblo of Jemez.
Today, the site stands as a relic from the past. However, it is still equally important for archaeologists and historians.
The Santa Fe Trail
Do you know what the Santa Fe Trail marker near Kozlowski’s Trading Post says? It says,
Santa Fe Trail
1822-1879
Marked by the daughters of the American Revolution and the Territory of Nex Mexico.
With the independence of New Mexico and the western territories becoming an annexure to New Mexico, the Santa Fe Trail became the route or passage to the westward movement. Naturalists, journalists, travelers, aspirants, traders, and others took this passage as part of the American expansion.
Colonel Henry Inman’s “Stories of the Old Santa Fe Trail,” published in 1881, describes the trail well. If you are a history buff, you must read this book well before visiting the Santa Fe Trail today!
“Kozlowski’s Stage Stop and Trading Post” is the highlight of this trail. You can spend some time here to visualize travelers from the past catching some rest after a long journey through the trail. When on the trail, you can explore the remains of the Pueblo and the Mission Church. You can even consider taking a guided tour of the Forked Lightning Ranch.
1. Reason for Conflict: Union forces and Confederates wanted to control the Glorieta Pass Route through the Sangre de Cristo mountains and the main supply center (Fort Union) for the passage of soldiers and supplies.
2. Contenders: The Confederates, with volunteers from Texas and under the leadership of General Shipley and the Union forces led by Colonel Canby, and soldiers from Fort Union, New Mexico, and Colorado.
3. Battle Begins: March 26, 1862
4. Reinforcements: 27th March, 1862
5. Battle Resumes: 28th March, 1862
6. Battle Ends: 29th March, 1862
7. Casualty: Death of 375 People
8. Consequence: The Union forces defeat the Confederates as they fail to ruin the Fort Union. Further, the Union forces maintain complete control over Southwest America.
The Glorieta Battlefield Trail is a popular hiking destination today in Pecos National Historical Park. It is a roundtrip loop, and you will have to cover a distance of 2.25 miles to complete your expedition. Further, the unpaved or graveled hiking route makes it moderately difficult for the hikers. In addition, there is an elevation gain of 152 meters.
You have to drive for around 7.5 miles from the main visitor center of the park. You will need to collect a gate code from the visitor center, which is your access code, to open the locked gate in front of the trail.
As you walk through the forest trail, you get to know more about the Civil War in New Mexico. Many infographics are installed throughout the trail, telling you tales from the past. In addition, there are wayside signs and 14 trail markers to explain the history of the battle on this pass in detail.
More About Hiking The Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail
Time: Around 1 hour
Refreshments (Hikers’ Favorites): Pecos Burger at El Maria Bonita (With a lot of meat and a smoky green chilly flavor!) and Chips and Salsa, of course!
The Trail Guide you collect from the visitor center already keeps you hooked on the site’s history. Indeed, this trail is less about hiking and more about flipping through the pages of the American Civil War in Mexico.
Let’s Hear It From Other Visitors To The Park
“Really nice park. Easy to find and it is free!
Inside the visitor center, they had a really great exhibit that followed the pecos overtime. It was super informative and brought a lot more meaning to the actual park. After looking around the exhibit, you can take the trail up and around the park and church. It’s amazing that the walls are still there. The view around the park is also beautiful. We spent about 2 hours here.” – Isabelle M.
“I really enjoyed this park. My husband didn’t care for it but I think it’s really amazing what is still here. He thinks it’s all recreation and I can’t say if it is or not but I know the current Pecos people don’t see it that way. It’s pretty awesome that it’s free to visit and the visitors center has a little museum that’s also free! The trail starts near the restrooms. We accidentally started it from the end. But who cares. We saw everything and I recommend checking it out. Native people history is really cool.” – Lydia G.
Exploring Wildlife At The Pecos National Historical Park
This historical national park is a hub of wildlife with a 6,500-acre expansion of forests, rivers, grasslands, and streams. The table below enlists the species that call the Pecos National Historical Park their home.
Mammals
Elk of Northern New MexicoColorado Chipmunk DeerRock Squirrel
Birds*
Steller’s JayMountain BluebirdBald Eagle
Fish and Amphibians
Rio Grande ChubLongnose DaceRainbow TroutBrown TroutNew Mexico Spadefoot ToadWoodhouse ToadTiger SalamanderPlains Leopard Frog
Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!
Banff National Park is a world-class location famous for its mountain ranges, wildlife, and glacially-fed lakes. It’s so remarkable it became a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization World Heritage Site. It acquired the honor in the early 80s for its exceptionality. Today, Banff is the ultimate destination for holidaygoers who want to explore, relax, or both!
If you’re planning a trip to Banff this summer or early fall, or you’re planning for a future vacation, then we encourage you to consider visiting several lakes during your travels. You won’t regret it!
1. Lake Louise
We’re starting with the most well-known lake, Lake Louise. Located 45 minutes northwest of Banff, Lake Louise gets its name from the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria, Princess Louise. This bright blue, tree-lined lake (and its famous Chateau) has jutting mountain peaks surrounding it. It also features the snow-capped Victoria Glacier in the background.
During late spring, summer, and early fall, various hiking and mountain biking trails are available for exploration around Lake Louise. And if you have time, a hike to the Lake Agnes Tea House is a must.
Horseback riding is also an option here. At Chateau, visitors can spend a half day or a whole day in the saddle discovering the Timberline Trails that wrap around the lake. There is also Paradise Valley and other scenic routes where you can rent canoes at the Chateau, too.
2. Moraine Lake
For many, Moraine Lake is the top contender for the most beautiful lake in Banff. Here, you can hike several trails — there are options at Moraine Lake for all hiking abilities. The most popular short hike is the Rockpile trail — which is phenomenal at sunrise. If you're an early riser, we encourage you to add this to your holiday 'to-do' list. Visitors to Moraine Lake can also rock climb, rent canoes, and bring their inflatable SUPs to paddle across the water.
The road to Moraine Lake was closed to private vehicles at the end of 2022. Fortunately, shuttle services as offered by Morainelakebus now commute visitors to and from the lake, with buses starting as early as 4 a.m. for those eager to catch sight of the famous sunrise! An extra bonus for this provider is that some of their services also stop at number one on our list, Lake Louise.
3. Lake Minnewanka
Located within the Montane Eco Region, Lake Minnewanka —also known as the ‘Lake of the Spirits’ — is the largest lake in Banff; it’s 18 kilometers long and approximately 100 meters deep.
At Lake Minnewanka, you can explore footpaths and trails or sit back on a guided boat cruise to learn all about the lake’s rich history. Minnewanka is considered an area of cultural and historical significance; artifacts dating back over 14,000 years have been found here.
For scuba enthusiasts, Lake Minnewanka is one of two that you can explore in Banff National Park (the second being Two Jack Lake).
4. Bow Lake
If you’re driving along the Icefields Parkway, then a stop at Bow Lake is a must. It's a great spot to stretch your legs, as well as take phenomenal photos of the lake with Crowfoot Mountain and the Wapta Icefield in the background.
If you have the time, this area is fantastic for hiking, mountaineering, as well as scrambling — with tons of wildflowers filling the trails in the summer months.
The Top Lakes to Visit
When you’re in the Banff area, it's possible to visit multiple lakes throughout your stay — there are many more in addition to the four mentioned here. Each offers something unique from the other, and you're sure to have an unbelievable time — whether you visit for adventure or bring a picnic, sit back, and take in the beautiful scenery.
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Switzerland is a must-visit destination for captivating your senses and creating lifetime memories. With breathtaking mountain ranges, glistening lakes, and mouth-watering chocolate, the country has something to offer everybody, and we’ll give you a taste of the Swiss trifecta to help you plan your trip. But if the thought of planning overwhelms you, fear not. Exoticca offers a seamless solution—a vacation where you don't worry about flights, accommodations, or even your breakfasts. With Exoticca's best of Switzerland tours, all you need to do is pack your bags and show up.
Swiss Mountains
When you think of Switzerland, it's almost impossible not to conjure images of soaring, snow-capped mountains. These majestic peaks are the true heart and soul of the country. The Swiss Alps are an iconic wonder, a natural masterpiece that inspires awe and reverence.
Standing at the foothills of these towering giants, you'll feel a sense of insignificance, yet at the same time, an overwhelming connection to nature. The air is crisp, and the vistas are simply breathtaking. These mountains, including the famous Eiger and Matterhorn, are a playground for adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts alike.
Hiking is one of the most popular activities in the Swiss mountains. With a network of well-marked trails, you can explore alpine meadows, cross pristine streams, and immerse yourself in the tranquil beauty of the Swiss countryside. The sound of cowbells in the distance is a reminder of the country's pastoral charm.
In the winter, the Swiss Alps transform into a snow-covered wonderland. Ski resorts like Zermatt and Verbier offer some of the finest skiing and snowboarding experiences in the world. You'll glide down pristine slopes, surrounded by stunning alpine scenery, and savor the adrenaline rush that only the mountains can provide.
For those who prefer a more relaxed experience, Switzerland's cable cars and cogwheel railways offer a convenient way to reach higher altitudes. As you ascend, you'll witness the landscape gradually changing from lush valleys to rocky terrain and, ultimately, the world of snow and ice. The views from the summit are a reward for the journey, providing a sense of tranquility and appreciation for the world's natural wonders.
Swiss Lakes
Switzerland isn't just about mountains; it's also home to some of the most serene and picturesque lakes in the world. These bodies of water, nestled amid the alpine landscape, offer a tranquil respite from the hustle and bustle of everyday life.
Lake Geneva, surrounded by the cities of Geneva, Lausanne, and Montreux, is a gem of Western Switzerland. It's a place where you can relax by the shore, enjoying the play of sunlight on the water and the cool breeze in your hair. The promenades are perfect for leisurely strolls, and the lakeside cafes offer a delightful setting for a nice cup of joe or chocolate or a glass of local wine.
Lake Lucerne, with its striking blue waters and the charming town of Lucerne at its heart, is another Swiss marvel. You can take a relaxing boat ride across the lake, passing picturesque villages, while the backdrop of the Swiss Alps creates a captivating scene.
For those seeking adventure, Swiss lakes offer numerous water activities. You can paddleboard or a kayak, try your hand at windsurfing, or even go for a refreshing swim. Some lakes have diving spots where you can explore the underwater world.
Fishing is also a popular pastime on Swiss lakes, with the opportunity to catch trout and other native species. If you're an angler at heart, you'll appreciate the tranquility and the simple joy of waiting for a nibble from the depths.
Swiss Chocolate
No journey through Switzerland would be complete without indulging in the country's most famous treat – chocolate. Swiss chocolate is renowned worldwide for its quality and flavor. It's a delightful experience that will make your taste buds dance with joy.
Switzerland has a long history of chocolate making, dating back to the 17th century. The secret of Swiss chocolate lies in the meticulous craftsmanship and the use of high-quality ingredients. Swiss chocolatiers take pride in their art, and every piece of chocolate is a work of culinary excellence.
The best way to savor Swiss chocolate is to visit one of the many chocolate factories and shops that dot the country. In cities like Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne, you can take guided tours of these chocolate wonderlands, where you'll learn about the chocolate-making process from bean to bar.
During these tours, you'll have the chance to sample a wide variety of chocolates. From creamy milk chocolate to rich dark chocolate and everything in between, the flavors are diverse and decadent. Swiss chocolate often features fillings like hazelnuts, caramel, and praline, adding layers of texture and taste that will leave you craving for more.
Swiss chocolate isn't just a treat for your palate; it's also a feast for your eyes. The craftsmanship involved in creating chocolate sculptures and figurines is truly astonishing. At Swiss chocolate shops, you'll find a wide array of chocolate creations, from delicate truffles to intricately designed chocolate bars.
In Switzerland, chocolate isn't just a sweet treat; it's a cultural icon. Swiss chocolate brands like Lindt, Toblerone, and Nestlé have gained international acclaim. As you explore the local shops, you'll have the chance to pick up these renowned brands as well as artisanal chocolates crafted by local chocolatiers.
Swiss Trifecta: Mountains, Lakes, and Chocolate
As you traverse the Swiss landscape, you’ll find yourself falling in love with the simplicity of life amid breathtaking natural beauty. Indeed, the Swiss have mastered the art of living in harmony with their environment, and this is a lesson they willingly share with visitors.
In addition, it’s a destination that promises adventure, relaxation, and a taste of culinary heaven. Hiking in the Alps, cruising on a Swiss lake, and savoring a piece of Swiss chocolate are some of the must-dos in this charming country. Apart from your adventure, you can also apply for finma license to set up a business in the Swiss financial industry if you are interested. So, when planning your next adventure, put Switzerland at the top of your list. Create memories you won’t soon forget.
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Sizzling Summer Road Trip Destinations
As winter blankets the world in a serene quilt of snow, the call of the mountains is strong. It becomes irresistible for adventure seekers. For those who yearn for the thrill of speeding down snowy slopes, embracing the crisp mountain air is ultimate.
Surrendering to the beauty of winter landscapes, skiing, and snowboarding. It offers a gateway to an exhilarating journey into the heart of winter adventure. Here, we will explore the essence of these winter sports, from the rush of carving turns to the camaraderie of mountain communities.
We embark on a journey that transcends the ordinary and dives deep into the heart of winter's embrace.
The Symphony Of Skiing:
Skiing, with its graceful dance on snow-covered slopes, is a symphony of movement and precision. Whether you're a seasoned expert weaving through the trees or a novice learning the basics on gentle slopes. The allure of skiing lies in its ability to connect the rider with the mountain.
The sensation of carving turns, the swish of skis slicing through powder, and the panoramic views of alpine peaks. The alpine peaks create a harmonious blend of adventure and serenity.
Snowboarding: Carving A Culture Of Freedom:
For those who prefer a single board beneath their feet, snowboarding represents a unique culture of freedom and creativity. Snowboarding was born out of the counterculture movement of the 1970s and has evolved into an art form on snow.
The adrenaline rush of carving down steep descents, the challenge of mastering tricks in terrain parks. The camaraderie of the snowboarding community all contribute to the vibrant tapestry of this winter sport. It's not just about descending the mountain; it's about expressing oneself on the canvas of snow.
Chasing Powder: The Quest For The Perfect Run:
For both skiers and snowboarders, the quest for the perfect run is an eternal pursuit. Chasing powder, those untouched blankets of fresh snow become a passion that drives enthusiasts to explore new resorts. The backcountry trails and remote mountain ranges contribute to the feel of adventure.
From the expansive slopes of the Rockies to the hidden gems of the Japanese Alps, this winter adventure is totally different. When you find untouched powder turns a day on the mountain into a quest for winter perfection.
The Mountain Communities: Where Passion Meets Fellowship:
Beyond the slopes, skiing and snowboarding are woven into the fabric of mountain communities. These tight-knit settlements, tucked in the shadow of towering peaks, foster a distinct sense of community.
Après-ski gatherings in cozy lodges, local festivals celebrating winter sports, and the shared love for the mountain lifestyle create bonds that extend beyond the snow-covered terrain. Skiing and riding become not just activities but integral parts of a communal experience where passion for winter adventure unites kindred spirits.
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Adventures Beyond the Groomed Trails:
While groomed trails offer a controlled introduction to the world of skiing and snowboarding, the true essence of winter adventure lies beyond these manicured slopes. Backcountry skiing and snowboarding, where riders access untouched powder in uncharted territory, provide an adrenaline-fueled escape for those seeking a more immersive and challenging experience.
Venturing into the backcountry opens up a world of pristine snowfields, breathtaking vistas, and the unparalleled joy of earning your turns in the wilderness.
Technology Meets Tradition:
The world of skiing and snowboarding is not impervious to technological advancements. Modern equipment, from high-tech skis with advanced materials to snowboards designed for specific styles of riding, enhances the overall experience.
Yet, amidst the technological progress, the timeless charm of wooden lodges, crackling fires, and the crunch of snow beneath your boots retains its allure. The juxtaposition of tradition and innovation creates a unique atmosphere where the spirit of winter adventure thrives.
Conclusion:
In the heart of winter, as snow-covered landscapes beckon, skiing and snowboarding emerge as more than mere sports; they become conduits to a journey into the soul of winter adventure.
Whether you're carving turns on groomed slopes, conquering backcountry powder, or simply immersing yourself in the mountain culture, the world of skiing and riding is a vast canvas waiting to be explored.
So, gear up, feel the rush of cold wind on your face, and embrace the spirit of skiing and riding—a journey that transcends the ordinary and immerses you in the heart of winter's exhilarating embrace.
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