Welcome To The Pecos National Historical Park: The Land Of The First American Revolution

Sep 12, 2024

Last Updated on: Nov 14, 2024

Travel Guides

I stood before the remnants of the South Pueblo walls, looking over the Mission Church on an autumn day last year. Looking at the archaeological site and standing below the blue fall sky, I was transported to the time of the American Revolution. 

Further, I could hear the noise of a bustling trade fair with people from the Pecos Pueblo community doing business. However, the historical importance of the park is much beyond its association with the American Revolution. It is also related to the Civil War in New Mexico and the Independence of Mexico

So, with centuries of human history etched in every corner, the Pecos National Historical Park is an intersection of past tales and nature. To be honest, The Pecos Pueblo and Santa Fe Trail were the biggest highlights for me when I was at the national park. 

Therefore, my ode to the park will start with brief accounts of these places. Then, I will talk about the Glorieta Pass, again a site of historical importance in the park. Finally, you will have a quick look at the park’s wildlife. 

Pecos National Historical Park: A Land Of Historic Wars And Revolutions 

The history of human lives in the Pecos National Historical Park goes back to the Preceramic Period or the 11,500 B.C.E. – 600 C.E. However, the Pecos Pueblo site in the park became a prominent place in the history of the American Revolution in the Early Colonial and Pre-Revolt era

Spanish people started interacting with the Pueblo people. Further, thanks to the Franciscan Missions, the Spanish rule wanted to have command over the economic life and beliefs of the Pueblo people. 

Thus, the first seeds of the American Revolution were sown. To combat the oppression of the Spanish people, the Pueblo Revolt took place on 10th August 1680. As a result, the Spanish Government and Franciscan Friars were expelled from the southwest under the leadership of  Po’pay from Ohkay Owengeh. The Spanish Mission Church, built in 1625, was also destroyed in the revolt of 1680. 

However, in 1692, the Spanish People further reclaimed the Pecos Pueblo and many other pueblos. Finally, the Pueblo people declined in numbers in 1700. Before, during, and after the first American Revolution, The Pecos Pueblo emerged as an important location with significant events around it! 

Further, around 200 years later (1821-1846 C.E.), another site in the park, the  Santa Fe Trail, witnessed travelers, settlers, and everyone else passing through it. The trail was opened in 1821 after Mexico gained its independence from Spain. 

The remains of Pecos Pueblo stood there! By the 1830s, the migration of the Pubelo people was complete, and everyone had shifted to the Pueblo of Jemez and continued their traditions. 

Moreover, in 1862, there was the “Battle of Glorieta Pass.” On 26th March 1862, this battle between the Union forces and Confederates occurred at a 700 feet elevation. 

The Pecos Pueblo Site Today 

The rise of the Pecos Pueblo site occurred between 1350 C.E. and 1838 C.E. The Pueblo site had two units, the north and south, and could accommodate around 2000 people. Further, it had 1000 rooms.

Therefore, Pecos Pueblo thrived as a busy trading center with trade fairs involving people from Rio Grande Pueblos, Plains Nations, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Coast. The flint arrowheads and shells found here explain the expansive stretch of the route. 

Nevertheless, with time, Pecos Pueblo became instrumental in eliminating Spanish oppression and rule. Still, a drop in the trade, Comanche attacks, and diseases deserted Pecos Pueblo. By 1838 C.E., the last resident of the Pueblo had left and joined the Pueblo of Jemez

Today, the site stands as a relic from the past. However, it is still equally important for archaeologists and historians. 

The Santa Fe Trail 

Do you know what the Santa Fe Trail marker near Kozlowski’s Trading Post says? It says, 

Santa Fe Trail

1822-1879

Marked by the daughters of the American Revolution and the Territory of Nex Mexico. 

With the independence of New Mexico and the western territories becoming an annexure to New Mexico, the Santa Fe Trail became the route or passage to the westward movement. Naturalists, journalists, travelers, aspirants, traders, and others took this passage as part of the American expansion.

Colonel Henry Inman’s “Stories of the Old Santa Fe Trail,” published in 1881, describes the trail well. If you are a history buff, you must read this book well before visiting the Santa Fe Trail today! 

Kozlowski’s Stage Stop and Trading Post” is the highlight of this trail. You can spend some time here to visualize travelers from the past catching some rest after a long journey through the trail. When on the trail, you can explore the remains of the Pueblo and the Mission Church. You can even consider taking a guided tour of the Forked Lightning Ranch

Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail 

Important Details About the Glorieta Pass Battle

1. Reason for Conflict: Union forces and Confederates wanted to control the Glorieta Pass Route through the Sangre de Cristo mountains and the main supply center (Fort Union) for the passage of soldiers and supplies. 

2. Contenders: The Confederates, with volunteers from Texas and under the leadership of General Shipley and the Union forces led by Colonel Canby, and soldiers from Fort Union, New Mexico, and Colorado. 

3. Battle Begins: March 26, 1862

4. Reinforcements: 27th March, 1862

5. Battle Resumes: 28th March, 1862

6. Battle Ends: 29th March, 1862

7. Casualty: Death of 375 People 

8. Consequence: The Union forces defeat the Confederates as they fail to ruin the Fort Union. Further, the Union forces maintain complete control over Southwest America. 

The Glorieta Battlefield Trail is a popular hiking destination today in Pecos National Historical Park. It is a roundtrip loop, and you will have to cover a distance of 2.25 miles to complete your expedition. Further, the unpaved or graveled hiking route makes it moderately difficult for the hikers. In addition, there is an elevation gain of 152 meters

You have to drive for around 7.5 miles from the main visitor center of the park. You will need to collect a gate code from the visitor center, which is your access code, to open the locked gate in front of the trail. 

As you walk through the forest trail, you get to know more about the Civil War in New Mexico. Many infographics are installed throughout the trail, telling you tales from the past. In addition, there are wayside signs and 14 trail markers to explain the history of the battle on this pass in detail. 

More About Hiking The Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail 

Time: Around 1 hour

Refreshments (Hikers’ Favorites): Pecos Burger at El Maria Bonita (With a lot of meat and a smoky green chilly flavor!) and Chips and Salsa, of course!

The Trail Guide you collect from the visitor center already keeps you hooked on the site’s history. Indeed, this trail is less about hiking and more about flipping through the pages of the American Civil War in Mexico. 

Let’s Hear It From Other Visitors To The Park 

Really nice park. Easy to find and it is free!

Inside the visitor center, they had a really great exhibit that followed the pecos overtime. It was super informative and brought a lot more meaning to the actual park. After looking around the exhibit, you can take the trail up and around the park and church. It’s amazing that the walls are still there. The view around the park is also beautiful. We spent about 2 hours here.” – Isabelle M.

I really enjoyed this park. My husband didn’t care for it but I think it’s really amazing what is still here. He thinks it’s all recreation and I can’t say if it is or not but I know the current Pecos people don’t see it that way. It’s pretty awesome that it’s free to visit and the visitors center has a little museum that’s also free! The trail starts near the restrooms. We accidentally started it from the end. But who cares. We saw everything and I recommend checking it out. Native people history is really cool.” – Lydia G.

Exploring Wildlife At The Pecos National Historical Park

This historical national park is a hub of wildlife with a 6,500-acre expansion of forests, rivers, grasslands, and streams. The table below enlists the species that call the Pecos National Historical Park their home. 

MammalsElk of Northern New MexicoColorado Chipmunk DeerRock Squirrel
Birds*Steller’s JayMountain BluebirdBald Eagle
Fish and AmphibiansRio Grande ChubLongnose DaceRainbow TroutBrown TroutNew Mexico Spadefoot ToadWoodhouse ToadTiger SalamanderPlains Leopard Frog
ReptilesShort-horned LizardNew Mexico Whiptail LizardBull SnakesGarter SnakesPrairie Rattlesnakes

You will find the Prairie rattlesnakes along the trails. So, please exercise caution and inform the ranger if you come across one on your way. 

A Quick Glance At Some Important Information About Pecos National Historical Park

You must quickly look at the important information available about Pecos National Historical Park before you set in.

Location: San Miguel County, New Mexico

Established: 28th June, 1965

Area: 27 km²

Highest Landscape: Truchas Peak, 3990 Meter

Visitor Center: Pecos National Historical Park Visitor Center

How to Reach: Via State Road 63 

Entry Fee: Free

Best Time to Visit: Autumn (Early September to Mid October)

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Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!

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Top 11 Outlets In Massachusetts You Can Visit While Traveling

BY  Barsha Nov 2, 2022

If you love to shop and you are visiting Massachusetts soon, then you have arrived at the right destination because today, we will discuss the best outlets in Massachusetts that you simply can’t miss out on while traveling. Also, how can you not shop while you are visiting the home ground of factory outlets of some of the biggest international brands? So let’s dive straight into the world of factory outlets and find out which ones you should check out on your trip to Massachusetts. Top 11 Outlets In Massachusetts You Can Visit While Traveling: The sheer number of premium outlets in Massachusetts can make any shopper’s dream come true. Not everyone can afford to buy what’s latest on the Runway, but that doesn’t mean they can’t opt for factory outlets of the same premium Runway brands! So without wasting any more time, scroll down to find out all the factory outlets you must check out in Massachusetts. 1. Wrentham Village Premium Outlets: If you are looking for cool Wrentham outlets, then you must head over to the Wrentham Village Premium Outlets - these outlets have a fantastic collection of designer brands and labels. Known for being the largest outlet center in New England, this one is only 35 minutes from Boston. Review By Bryanmantezoni:“We visited this place which was ver clean with plenty of parking spaces, we spent about 3 hours visiting all the stores, we didn’t not find it to be amusing regarding sales, it seemed like other outlets have better deals even regular stores might give you better deals, just ok to visit and window shop, nothing to wow about.” 2. Lee Premium Outlets: One of the busiest outlets in Massachusetts, the Lee Premium Outlet center offers visitors impressive savings at various stores such as BCBG Max Azria, Banana Republic, Ann Taylor, Talbots, Polo Ralph Lauren, Michael Kors, Nike, Lacoste, Brooks Brothers, Coach, J.Crew, Gap Outlet, Cole Han, and more. Review By Mr. Putnam:“Visited the area with my lady for her birthday getaway weekend. We stopped at the outlet center for a few items and spent nearly five hours shopping at several lovely shops adding more than $1,000 to the local economy. The shopkeepers were exceptional and very caring. We got some great buys as well!!” 3. Five Town Plaza: Five Town Plaza is one of the lesser-known outlet centers in Massachusetts. But that’s the best part about this location! Don’t we all love a little exclusivity when it comes to rocking a personal style? Review By Lobstaluva:“We miss the convenience of the AAA office, but we love the addition of IHOP. The restaurant is clean, staff friendly, and welcoming, and the food has been consistently good. When we go, it is for a late breakfast. We are never sure what we plan to order, but it will always include those delicious harvest grain and nut pancakes. We try to have Ray as our server; he is great!” 4. 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The sales associate that helped her was great without being pushy. She was having a really hard time finding a pair of comfortable walking shoes, so I decided to stop here.” 7. Fran's Designer Clothing Outlet: Fran's Designer Clothing Outlet is one of those places where women can disappear for hours - it’s a shopping paradise with cute outfits and affordable rates. Moreover, the staff is also friendly and always happy to help. There’s no reason why you shouldn’t visit this place - it’s worth your time! Review By Hoorge:“Fran's Designer Clothing Outlet is a store where women could disappear for an hour or two as they happily try on dresses of all kinds, including vintage, prom, casual, glamour, and much much more. The store also carries interesting hats and shoes. Dresses are pretty and the prices are quite reasonable. Staff is attentive and happily assist when needed. Women love this place.” 8. 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A Guide To National Parks In Arkansas – Latest Guide

BY  Abdul Aziz Sep 1, 2021

The foothills of the Arkansas ranges are full of natural abundance and historical places. The national parks in Arkansas are not only famous for their unique beauty and the forest. These national parks have a vibrant historical background. The national parks in Arkansas are the favorite traveling places among popular hikers and explorers. Along with the natural beauty, travelers can experience the good American civil war history. For the campers and the hikers, these Arkansas national parks are like a gem. Every hiking trail has a rich history. The natural grace and the mesmerizing beauty of the national parks in Arkansas are making their solid place on the favorite list of travelers. 7 Best National Parks In Arkansas These foothill’s rich historical background and unique abundance of the place are turning these national parks in Arkansas maps into a great option to explore. Every age of travelers can taste it. 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However, if you want to enjoy the hot springs, you have to go camping beside the springs. Although the historical vibes are all present, the hot springs are the greatest attraction of the area. There are many bathhouses present as the hot springs water has many healing benefits. 4. Little Rock National Historic Site The little rock national historic site has constructive historical vibes. When you are right in the middle of the national parks in Arkansas, you will get plenty of options to enjoy the places. The best part is these national parks do not have heavily dense forests. And each of the hiking trails leads to a mountain town, and the little rock national historic site is one of these places. The little rock high school has ancient buildings and structures. The forced desegregation of the nine black students in 1957 is making this school famous. In the remembrance of these brave nine black students, the school is making the place highly valuable in the integration crisis of 1957. 5. Arkansas Post War National Memorial The lower Mississippi is the first place where the Europeans first established themselves. Since 1686 the place has become a popular European establishment. This was the first post, and the history of the Arkansas posts is quite long. When you are planning to visit the national memorial of the Arkaskans, take time to book for the historical tour as the place has several iconic historical buildings. Late summer and the early spring is the right time to visit the place. Take a time out to visit the place. The Arkansas towns are the perfect home of the many plants and the different kinds of flora and fauna. The natural beauty in the time of spring and the summer is outstanding to explore. Always take a leap to visit the place in these seasons. 6. President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace The Arkansas map is full of many different historic places and natural abundance. And among all the national parks in Arkansas have some sort of historical smell. This place is the perfect definition of an American leader born in the woods and makes some revolutionary movements. President William Jefferson Clinton Was born in the Town of Hope from the Arkansas ranges. The precedent spends his first four years here. The property is still in good condition. Take a walk on the property. Then take a tour in the town of hope. And feel the historical vibes of the place. From the buffalo riverside, you can reach your destination with your personal vehicles. 7. Trail Of Tears The national parks in Arkansas all have great historical value. Trail of tears is like the other areas. The historical value of the trails is pretty touching and in the memory of the Native Indian tribes and the Cherokee people. The trail of tears is a historical trail that is 5,043 miles long. The track stretches from the southern Appalachian mountains to the westside. This single historical trail crosses over nine USA states. The heart-touching facts are attached to this trial. In 1830 seventeen Cherokee groups were removed from the homelands. And the painful consequences are determining the faith of these people. For the remembrance of the sacrifice of the people, this historical path is called the trail of tears. Wrapping It Up: All these seven popular national parks in Arkansas are good travel destinations for people of all ages. If you are looking for a good travel option that has historical value. This is the best choice. For adventure lover travelers, this is the best choice to spend the entire day on the side of the Buffalo River. You can visit the nearest places from the river banks, and all the hiking trails are leading towards a town. So most often there is less chance of getting lost. But morning and the day time is the most suitable time to explore the place. So what is your next travel plan? Do not forget to share your experience with us in the comment sections. Read More: Luxurious Wedding Venues – Make Your Destination Wedding Glamorous 7 Key Points To Remember While Planning Your Honeymoon Trip