Welcome To The Pecos National Historical Park: The Land Of The First American Revolution

Sep 12, 2024

Last Updated on: Aug 29, 2025

Travel Guides

I stood before the remnants of the South Pueblo walls, looking over the Mission Church on an autumn day last year. Looking at the archaeological site and standing below the blue fall sky, I was transported to the time of the American Revolution. 

Further, I could hear the noise of a bustling trade fair with people from the Pecos Pueblo community doing business. However, the historical importance of the park is much beyond its association with the American Revolution. It is also related to the Civil War in New Mexico and the Independence of Mexico

So, with centuries of human history etched in every corner, the Pecos National Historical Park is an intersection of past tales and nature. To be honest, The Pecos Pueblo and Santa Fe Trail were the biggest highlights for me when I was at the national park. 

Therefore, my ode to the park will start with brief accounts of these places. Then, I will talk about the Glorieta Pass, again a site of historical importance in the park. Finally, you will have a quick look at the park’s wildlife. 

Pecos National Historical Park: A Land Of Historic Wars And Revolutions 

Pecos National Historical Park A Land Of Historic Wars And Revolutions

The history of human lives in the Pecos National Historical Park goes back to the Preceramic Period or the 11,500 B.C.E. – 600 C.E. However, the Pecos Pueblo site in the park became a prominent place in the history of the American Revolution in the Early Colonial and Pre-Revolt era

Spanish people started interacting with the Pueblo people. Further, thanks to the Franciscan Missions, the Spanish rule wanted to have command over the economic life and beliefs of the Pueblo people. 

Thus, the first seeds of the American Revolution were sown. To combat the oppression of the Spanish people, the Pueblo Revolt took place on 10th August 1680. As a result, the Spanish Government and Franciscan Friars were expelled from the southwest under the leadership of  Po’pay from Ohkay Owengeh. The Spanish Mission Church, built in 1625, was also destroyed in the revolt of 1680. 

However, in 1692, the Spanish People further reclaimed the Pecos Pueblo and many other pueblos. Finally, the Pueblo people declined in numbers in 1700. Before, during, and after the first American Revolution, The Pecos Pueblo emerged as an important location with significant events around it! 

Further, around 200 years later (1821-1846 C.E.), another site in the park, the  Santa Fe Trail, witnessed travelers, settlers, and everyone else passing through it. The trail was opened in 1821 after Mexico gained its independence from Spain. 

The remains of Pecos Pueblo stood there! By the 1830s, the migration of the Pubelo people was complete, and everyone had shifted to the Pueblo of Jemez and continued their traditions. 

Moreover, in 1862, there was the “Battle of Glorieta Pass.” On 26th March 1862, this battle between the Union forces and Confederates occurred at a 700 feet elevation. 

The Pecos Pueblo Site Today 

The rise of the Pecos Pueblo site occurred between 1350 C.E. and 1838 C.E. The Pueblo site had two units, the north and south, and could accommodate around 2000 people. Further, it had 1000 rooms.

Therefore, Pecos Pueblo thrived as a busy trading center with trade fairs involving people from Rio Grande Pueblos, Plains Nations, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Coast. The flint arrowheads and shells found here explain the expansive stretch of the route. 

Nevertheless, with time, Pecos Pueblo became instrumental in eliminating Spanish oppression and rule. Still, a drop in the trade, Comanche attacks, and diseases deserted Pecos Pueblo. By 1838 C.E., the last resident of the Pueblo had left and joined the Pueblo of Jemez

Today, the site stands as a relic from the past. However, it is still equally important for archaeologists and historians. 

The Santa Fe Trail 

The Santa Fe Trail

Do you know what the Santa Fe Trail marker near Kozlowski’s Trading Post says? It says, 

Santa Fe Trail

1822-1879

Marked by the daughters of the American Revolution and the Territory of Nex Mexico. 

With the independence of New Mexico and the western territories becoming an annexure to New Mexico, the Santa Fe Trail became the route or passage to the westward movement. Naturalists, journalists, travelers, aspirants, traders, and others took this passage as part of the American expansion.

Colonel Henry Inman’s “Stories of the Old Santa Fe Trail,” published in 1881, describes the trail well. If you are a history buff, you must read this book well before visiting the Santa Fe Trail today! 

Kozlowski’s Stage Stop and Trading Post” is the highlight of this trail. You can spend some time here to visualize travelers from the past catching some rest after a long journey through the trail. When on the trail, you can explore the remains of the Pueblo and the Mission Church. You can even consider taking a guided tour of the Forked Lightning Ranch

Santa Fe Trail

Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail 

Important Details About the Glorieta Pass Battle

1. Reason for Conflict: Union forces and Confederates wanted to control the Glorieta Pass Route through the Sangre de Cristo mountains and the main supply center (Fort Union) for the passage of soldiers and supplies. 

2. Contenders: The Confederates, with volunteers from Texas and under the leadership of General Shipley and the Union forces led by Colonel Canby, and soldiers from Fort Union, New Mexico, and Colorado. 

3. Battle Begins: March 26, 1862

4. Reinforcements: 27th March, 1862

5. Battle Resumes: 28th March, 1862

6. Battle Ends: 29th March, 1862

7. Casualty: Death of 375 People 

8. Consequence: The Union forces defeat the Confederates as they fail to ruin the Fort Union. Further, the Union forces maintain complete control over Southwest America. 

The Glorieta Battlefield Trail is a popular hiking destination today in Pecos National Historical Park. It is a roundtrip loop, and you will have to cover a distance of 2.25 miles to complete your expedition. Further, the unpaved or graveled hiking route makes it moderately difficult for the hikers. In addition, there is an elevation gain of 152 meters

You have to drive for around 7.5 miles from the main visitor center of the park. You will need to collect a gate code from the visitor center, which is your access code, to open the locked gate in front of the trail. 

As you walk through the forest trail, you get to know more about the Civil War in New Mexico. Many infographics are installed throughout the trail, telling you tales from the past. In addition, there are wayside signs and 14 trail markers to explain the history of the battle on this pass in detail. 

More About Hiking The Glorieta Pass Battlefield Trail 

Time: Around 1 hour

Refreshments (Hikers’ Favorites): Pecos Burger at El Maria Bonita (With a lot of meat and a smoky green chilly flavor!) and Chips and Salsa, of course!

The Trail Guide you collect from the visitor center already keeps you hooked on the site’s history. Indeed, this trail is less about hiking and more about flipping through the pages of the American Civil War in Mexico. 

Let’s Hear It From Other Visitors To The Park 

Really nice park. Easy to find and it is free!

Inside the visitor center, they had a really great exhibit that followed the pecos overtime. It was super informative and brought a lot more meaning to the actual park. After looking around the exhibit, you can take the trail up and around the park and church. It’s amazing that the walls are still there. The view around the park is also beautiful. We spent about 2 hours here.” – Isabelle M.

I really enjoyed this park. My husband didn’t care for it but I think it’s really amazing what is still here. He thinks it’s all recreation and I can’t say if it is or not but I know the current Pecos people don’t see it that way. It’s pretty awesome that it’s free to visit and the visitors center has a little museum that’s also free! The trail starts near the restrooms. We accidentally started it from the end. But who cares. We saw everything and I recommend checking it out. Native people history is really cool.” – Lydia G.

Exploring Wildlife At The Pecos National Historical Park

This historical national park is a hub of wildlife with a 6,500-acre expansion of forests, rivers, grasslands, and streams. The table below enlists the species that call the Pecos National Historical Park their home. 

MammalsElk of Northern New MexicoColorado Chipmunk DeerRock Squirrel
Birds*Steller’s JayMountain BluebirdBald Eagle
Fish and AmphibiansRio Grande ChubLongnose DaceRainbow TroutBrown TroutNew Mexico Spadefoot ToadWoodhouse ToadTiger SalamanderPlains Leopard Frog
ReptilesShort-horned LizardNew Mexico Whiptail LizardBull SnakesGarter SnakesPrairie Rattlesnakes

You will find the Prairie rattlesnakes along the trails. So, please exercise caution and inform the ranger if you come across one on your way. 

A Quick Glance At Some Important Information About Pecos National Historical Park

You must quickly look at the important information available about Pecos National Historical Park before you set in.

Location: San Miguel County, New Mexico

Established: 28th June, 1965

Area: 27 km²

Highest Landscape: Truchas Peak, 3990 Meter

Visitor Center: Pecos National Historical Park Visitor Center

How to Reach: Via State Road 63 

Entry Fee: Free

Best Time to Visit: Autumn (Early September to Mid October)

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Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!

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The crime rate in different aspects is low to moderate, and here are some essential data (Source: Numbeo) related to crime in Jaffna.  Crime Index46.64Safety Index53.36Level of Crime50:00Armed Robbery35.71Things from Car Stolen46.43 Is Visiting An Off-Beat Location Like Jaffna Worth It? Yes, Jaffna is a must-visit destination to experience the rawness and cultural richness of Northern Sri Lanka. It is a budget-friendly destination with a Tamil origin and a colonial past.  Furthermore, food here is an extension of who the people are. Simple and soulful! Also, the Jaffna tells the story of human resilience and how it has survived a war-torn past! Jaffna Travel Guide: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about the Jaffna travel guide. 1. How Many Days Are Enough In Jaffna? Three to four days are enough if you want to explore the major cultural and historical sites. However, if you want to explore the local markets and have a deep cultural connection with the local people, you will need at least 5 to 7 days.  2. Which Part Of Sri Lanka Is Most Beautiful? I cannot pick any particular part of Sri Lanka as the most beautiful, as it has the ancient rock fortress of Sigiriya, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. On the other hand, Kandy, a significant religious hub, is a popular tourist destination.However, Jaffna in northern Sri Lanka stands out with its spiritual vibe, history, and cultural richness. It is a coastal destination with a diverse tourism profile. 3. What Language Is Spoken In Jaffna?  Tamil is spoken in Jaffna. However, it is a little different from the Tamil language spoken in India. The Tamil language here is heavily impacted by the Jaffna dialect.  Read Also: Luang Prabang Travel Guide: Why I Loved It? (Activities, Attractions, History, Itinerary, And More) Cheapest Places To Travel Around The World In 2025: Traveling On A Shoestring Learn All About the Best Solo Trip in India Right Here!

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Top 7 Ethiopian Restaurants In Los Angeles – Complete Guide

BY  Barsha Feb 8, 2023

So you are craving some Ethiopian food. And you are thinking about checking out some Ethiopian restaurants near you. But there the problem arises - if you have never tried out Ethiopian cuisine, then this could prove to be a sad experience if you choose the wrong restaurant. This is exactly why we decided to checkout some of the best Ethiopian restaurants in Los Angeles. And guess what? It was a great day, and we had a fantastic time tasting delicious Ethiopian food. Simply scroll down and checkout all the top places to eat Ethiopian food in Los Angeles! Top 7 Ethiopian Restaurants In Los Angeles - Complete Guide Here we are, ready with the top Ethiopian restaurants in Los Angeles, and you are stills searching for ‘Ethiopian food Los Angeles’ on search engines like you were looking for Peruvian food recently? Stop right now! Instead, just save this article for now and scroll down to find out which are the best places to eat Ethiopian food - so chill out and scroll down! 1. Messob Ethiopian Restaurant: Image Source: images.squarespace-cdn.com Messob is literally LA’s answer to the ‘little Ethiopia restaurant’ search query. The place has great reviews both from their usual guests and even from people who have visited the place to try out Ethiopian cuisine for the first time. Plus, we loved the food here! Review By Mitch Kling: Please, please come here. Getahun is so sweet and welcoming, please don’t let your inexperience scare you. You will be welcomed wholeheartedly with smiles and amazing service. The love and pride this restaurant has for its food and culture are mouth-wateringly palpable in every bite. I am so happy with everything we had. Get the honey wine made in-house. Try some Ethiopian beers. 2. Rosalind's: Image Source: go.sodere.com One of our favorite Ethiopian restaurants in Los Angeles has to be Rosalind’s - the food is delicious, and more importantly, it’s a spacious restaurant. Since we were a group of people, the place was perfect for us - what a beautiful group-friendly restaurant, just like the ones in Vegas! Review By Jackie Martinez: This was my first time trying Ethiopian food, and I loved it! My partner and I got the vegan goodness combo (which comes with collard greens, green beans, and lentils) and one beef dish. It was the perfect shareable portion. The Injera was super tasty and had a nice yeasty sourdough flavor that paired nicely with the meat and veggies. I loved how aromatic, spicy, and tangy the food was. Lots of amazing and bold flavors. 3. Rahel Ethiopian Vegan Cuisine: Image Source: images.ctfassets.net Delicious Ethiopian stews, spongy bread, and tasty vegan combos - that’s exactly the kind of thing we were looking for when we came across Rahel Ethiopian Vegan Cuisine. If you are looking for an Ethiopia restaurant that serves vegan food, then this is your option. Review By Gaya D: If you like delicious healthy food, Rahel cannot be missed! I've been coming here for 8 years, and the quality has remained consistently high. The food is always amazingly tasty and lovingly prepared. The restaurant employees are kind and attentive. I always look forward to my visits here. Make sure to get a platter to share, so you can try everything! 4. Lucy Ethiopian restaurant: Image Source: d1ralsognjng37.cloudfront.net Another one of our favorite Ethiopian restaurants in Los Angeles has to be Lucy Ethiopian restaurant! It’s a simple restaurant serving great Ethiopian food - so delicious and packed with flavors. In short, we loved this restaurant! Review By Linda Torres: Came here for a date night. Unfortunately, they were an hour from closing, but they still served us. They gave us our food in to-go plates conveniently. The tea was delicious, we had the veggie platter and a side of lamb in a red sauce. Wish I had taken pictures and written down the names of the dishes. It was delicious!!! We’ll be returning for the ritual coffee!! Can’t wait!! 5. Buna Ethiopian Restaurant & Market: Image Source: lh3.googleusercontent.com Please don’t type in ‘restaurants Ethiopian’ and end up getting confused about all the search results you will get. Instead, just go to Buna Ethiopian Restaurant & Market. You will find everything here - from imported groceries to traditional Ethiopian food, which you won’t be able to regret. Review By Ash: Found out about this place on Reddit— it’s a small, modest little restaurant in the back of a little Ethiopian store that sells spices and carvings, etc. The food was exceptional— I got the garlic salted trout, and my husband got the vegetable platter. So much flavor and these plates were mild in terms of spicy heat. Would 100% return back. 6. Azla Ethiopian Eatery: Image Source: images.squarespace-cdn.com Come on, you really don’t need to search ‘Ethiopia restaurant near me’ - just go to Azla Ethiopian Eatery, especially if you are in search of vegan options. Also, the restaurant has crazy reviews when you think about it - and we agree too, the food’s great! Review By Jonathan Neal: OMG, I just ate here for the first time. So delicious. I got potato curry, pea curry, sweet potatoes, and rice, all for $10! It’s love at first bite for me! Healthy and tasty and vegan and good-sized portions. Did I say that I’m in love? Wow! I love discoveries like this. I just finished dinner, and I already can’t wait to come back ? 7. Lalibela: Image Source: d1ralsognjng37.cloudfront.net Honestly, we loved Lalibela! Lalibela is one of those Ethiopian restaurants in LA that serve great food, and more importantly, they have this coffee ceremony which is so cool. We are definitely going back to this crazy restaurant - you should check this place out as well! Review By Brandy Duong: My first time trying Ethiopian food. My cousin is a vegetarian, so this was a wonderful meal, but since I mainly tried the veggie utopia, I wished I had ordered a meatier option. The veggie utopia was aesthetically pleasing and also quite tasty, especially their lentils and carrot potatoes. The street gets busy, and parking can be quite hard to find. And It’s A Wrap! And that’s a wrap on all the top Ethiopian places to eat in Los Angeles. So instead of typing out search queries like ‘Ethiopian restaurants near me’ on Google, just save this article. And trust us, you won’t regret it! Also, one last thing before we bid adieu for now - don’t forget to share your thoughts and experiences about these Ethiopian restaurants in the comments below. Read Also: Top 12 Perdido Key Restaurants – Reviews & Budget 10 Best Restaurants On Sanibel Island – Tour And Travel Guide Best Asian Restaurants In Florida – A Must Visit For Food Lovers