Everest Base Camp Trek: Must-See Places To Check Out

BY  Sibashree May 16, 2023

Camping is a perfect way to reconnect with nature and find yourself. If you have packed your all-weather gear, your habanero beef jerky, and your sense of adventure, all you need is a place to pitch your tent. Lucky for us, the United States offers some of the most breathtaking campsites in the world. Some of them have great trails to hike, while others offer serene lakes for swimming or fishing. Here are the top five destinations well worth considering for your next outdoor getaway. You Cannot Miss These Camping Spots In The United States: Into The Wilderness  For many tourists, camping is an alternative way to travel, and it offers a more flexible way to explore nature and wildlife.  Further, Americans prefer camping to make their vacations more meaningful. Like local homestays in remote regions, camping in parks or wilderness is a great way to get to know local people and culture.  Also, so many camping spots in the United States, especially the national parks, have fuelled the love of Americans for camping. Millennials in America especially love camping as a travel or outdoor activity.  The popularity of camping in America is also reflected in the market data. Here is a quick excerpt. The CAGR of camping in the USA is expected to be 6.11% between 2024 and 2029.By 2029, the camping market in the USA is about to have 80.88 million consumers.Online sales will be the primary channel, with 61% of the business happening through it by 2029. So, do you also want to explore the best camping spots in the United States? Here is a Tour and Travel list curated for you.  1. Yosemite National Park, California Yosemite National Park, likely the most famous park in the American park system, spans nearly 1,200 square miles of jaw-dropping wilderness in California's Sierra Nevada mountains. The park's granite cliffs, including the world-renowned El Capitan and Half Dome, inspire awe in even the most experienced outdoor enthusiasts. The park has 13 campgrounds, some of which accommodate RVs and others that are accessible only on foot. Valley campgrounds like Upper Pines and North Pines are hugely popular because of their proximity to Yosemite Valley's major attractions. For a more tranquil, immersive experience, consider camping in the high country at Tuolumne Meadows, but check the National Park Service site to confirm camping is currently allowed. Seasoned campers can also head to the backcountry of Little Yosemite Valley and remote wilderness sites like Glen Aulin or Merced Lake. However, be sure to secure the proper wilderness permits before you set off. 2. Glacier National Park, Montana Often called the "Crown of the Continent," Glacier National Park's rugged peaks, crystal-clear lakes, and vast meadows offer a truly wild camping experience. With over a thousand campsites across 13 campgrounds, you have plenty of options for where to pitch your tent. Many Glacier Campground is a top pick for its stunning views of Swiftcurrent Lake and the park's signature rugged peaks. The park's namesake glaciers, while receding, are a sight to behold, especially from the iconic Going-to-the-Sun Road. If you want to escape the crowds, backcountry camping permits allow you to explore the park's more rugged areas. 3. Shenandoah National Park, Virginia For those based on the East Coast, Shenandoah National Park offers an amazing wilderness escape. Stretching along the Blue Ridge Mountains, the park has over 500 miles of trails, including a portion of the famous Appalachian Trail. The Big Meadows Campground is a favorite among campers for its spacious sites, convenient facilities, and proximity to hiking trails. For wildlife lovers, the park is home to a healthy population of black bears, white-tailed deer, red foxes, diverse bird species, and the rare Shenandoah salamander, found only on the mountain peaks within the park. Visit in autumn to see the spectacular display of fall colors, or in spring to watch the forest burst into life with blooming wildflowers. 4. Olympic National Park, Washington Olympic National Park, situated in the Pacific Northwest, offers another incredibly diverse camping experience. The park is home to several unique ecosystems, including glacier-capped mountains, over 70 miles of wild coastline, and verdant rainforests. For beach lovers, the park offers the unique opportunity to camp right on the sand at places like Second Beach, where you can dose to the sound of lapping waves. Forest campers will be enchanted by the Hoh Rain Forest Campground, nestled amongst towering Sitka spruces and western hemlocks. If you prefer higher altitudes, Deer Park Campground offers unparalleled views of the Olympic Mountains and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. 5. Acadia National Park, Maine Acadia National Park, located on Maine's rugged Atlantic coast, offers a unique blend of mountain and sea. The park's Blackwoods Campground is just a stone's throw from the ocean and offers easy access to over 120 miles of hiking trails. The park is renowned for its rocky headlands, like the Otter Cliffs, which provide vast turquoise ocean vistas. No matter when you visit, Acadia offers a memorable camping experience. A must-do in Acadia is watching the sunrise from Cadillac Mountain; from October to March, this is the first place in the United States to see the morning light. Plan ahead, as this popular park can get crowded during peak season, and only a limited number of permits are issued for sunrise visitors each day. 6. Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida Dry Tortugas National Park, one of the top camping spots in the United States, is a hub of stargazing, snorkeling, and sunset viewing. As you camp in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, you'll feel close to the 19th-century Fort Jefferson and the crystal-clear water. To reach Dry Tortugas National Park, you'll need to take a Yankee Freedom ferry, a private boat, or a charter seaplane. Also, you need the right itinerary to make the most of your camping experience here. Here is a tentative itinerary for camping at Dry Tortugas National Park. Day 1Securing the campsite; Walking through the park; Visiting the Park Gift Shop; Clicking photos; Snorkeling to see beautiful corals and fish; Sunset viewing; Relaxing on the beach; StargazingDay 2Sunrise viewing; Packing up your gear; Lunch on the ferry; Exploring the Jefferson Fort; Back to Key West While camping at Dry Tortugas, you will have bugs and lizards as your visitors. Keep your camping zone clean and use repellents (only when needed) to keep them at bay.  Tour And Travel Tips As You Visit The Best Camping Spots In The United States Preparing for the best camping spots in the USA needs careful planning and thoughtful packing.  One of the most important aspects is planning your meals and packing enough food and water. Cooking equipment, such as a portable camping stove, can be very helpful.  Consider convenient food items like jerky, canned goods, or pasta. Don't forget essentials like a can opener and utensils.  In many camping spots in the United States, wildlife such as bears can be attracted to food. So, pack a bear canister to store food securely. Research your chosen campsite to understand the specific rules, available amenities, and local weather conditions.  Temperatures can drop significantly at night, even in warmer climates. So bring the best tent and appropriate sleeping gear. Popular campsites can book up quickly, so always check the relevant park websites for up-to-date information and availability.  Lastly, remember to follow the principles of Leave No Trace to preserve these precious environments for other nature lovers. Read Also: Best Restaurants In Honduras To Visit While Traveling Indian Buffet Near Me In Florida – Best Buffets For You Top 15 Restaurants In Colombia You Must Visit While Traveling

BY  Sibashree May 12, 2026

With the Himalayas, Aravallis, and the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Western Ghats, India boasts a rich biodiversity. Furthermore, it is a diverse landscape.  Furthermore, India has more than 80 national parks. Each national park offers a unique experience, and from the tigers in the Ranthambore National Park to the elusive snow leopard of Hemis National Park, these are the hubs of incredible wildlife in India.  In this context, let us find out the top spots if you want to plan a weekend trip to a nearby national or state park.  What Are The Places To Visit If You Plan A Weekend Trip To A Nearby National Or State Park?  From the Jim Corbett National Park, the first national park in India, to the Kaziranga National Park in Assam, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, these national parks in India are the places you must visit as a wildlife enthusiast.  1. Ranthambore National Park In Rajasthan: The Best Place For Photographing The Royal Bengal Tiger  Area: 392 Square Kilometers Distance from Jaipur: 180 Km Best Months to Visit: From October to June The Ranthambore National Park near Jaipur has a handsome population of the Royal Bengal tigers, and due to a lack of dense vegetation, it is the ideal place for wildlife photography.  Along with tigers, you will also find different types of deer near the lakes of the national park.  Moreover, the park has ancient ruins such as the Raj Bagh ruins, the 1000-year-old Ranthambore Fort, etc.  Travel Tips For Ranthambore National Park  You can explore the Ranthambore National Park on a jeep, and early morning or late afternoon are the best times for jungle safaris.  So, explore the history and wildlife diversity of the park and have a lifetime experience.  2. Kaziranga National Park, Assam: A UNESCO World Heritage Site  Area: 430 square kilometers Distance from Guwahati: 220 Km Best Months to Visit: November to April Kaziranga National Park is famous as the home to one-horned rhinos. These endangered species live in the wetlands, dense forests, and vast grasslands of the national park.  Along with these one-horned rhinos, you will also find water buffaloes, tigers, and elephants in this national park. Travel Tips For Kaziranga National Park  You must go for a nature walk early in the morning. Early morning is also the best time for a jeep safari.  So, enjoy spotting rhinos and other wildlife in their natural settings.  3. Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh: Home To A High Density Of Tigers  Area: 448 square kilometers Distance from Jabalpur: 165 Km Best Months to Visit: October to June Bandhavgarh National Park does not just have a high tiger density, but it also offers a varied landscape and the ideal opportunity for wildlife photography.  Furthermore, the grasslands and dense forests of the national park are home to other wildlife such as Indian bison, leopards, deer, and sloth bears.  Travel Tips For Bandhavgarh National Park  There are always high demands for safari bookings in Bandhavgarh National Park due to almost guaranteed chances of tiger sightings.  So, you must complete your bookings early.  4. Kanha National Park, Madhya Pradesh: The Abode Of Barasingha Area: 940 square kilometers Distance from Jabalpur: 170 km Best Months to Visit: October to June The Kanha National Park is famous for the fascinating swamp deer or barasingha.  Moreover, barasinghas are a favorite of wildlife photographers, and they make the most amazing frames with the versatile flora and fauna and an interesting landscape as the backdrop.  Furthermore, this national park has a rich vegetation of sal trees and more than 300 bird species.  Travel Tip For The Kanha National Park  Kanha National Park can be explored through a planned safari. Along with swamp deer, you will also find chital deer, Royal Bengal tigers, and bisons here.  5. Gir Forest National Park  Area: 1412 square kilometers Distance from Ahmedabad: 360 km Best Months to Visit: October to Mid-June Gir Forest National Park is the best place to see Asiatic lions in a natural setting. Furthermore, here, you will spot antelopes and leopards.  Along with organized safaris, Gir Forest also offers a guided tour into the forest. The forest area is ruled by pythons and vultures.  Moreover, you will find different species of birds and crocodiles here.  Also, Gir Forest is iconic for its conservation success and its distinct ecosystem. It is a favorite of wildlife enthusiasts and photographers.  Travel Tips For Gir Forest National Park  Early mornings or late afternoons are the ideal hours in a day for lion sightings. Furthermore, daily permits to the national park are limited.  6. Hemis National Park, Ladakh: The Abode Of Snow Leopards  Area: 4400 square kilometers Distance from Ladakh: 54 km Best Months to Visit: From June to September  Hemis National Park is one of the most surreal places for wildlife enthusiasts in India. It has Tibetan wolf, golden eagles, blue sheep, and most importantly, the snow leopard.  Furthermore, it is the largest national park in India, and its landscape includes rugged terrain, cold deserts, and other features.  Moreover, located high in the Himalayas, its elevation varies from 3000 to 6000 meters.  Travel Tips For Hemis National Park If you are planning a wildlife tour pr trekking in the Hemis National Park, you will need to acclimatize first.  The high altitude and extreme weather conditions will test your physical and mental endurance.  7. Periyar National Park, Kerala: The Beautiful Periyar Lake And Elephants  Area: 925 square kilometers Distance from Kochi: 200 Km Distance from Madurai: 130 Km Best Months to Visit: From October to June The biodiversity of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, blesses Periyar National Park.  Furthermore, the amazing Periyar Lake here is the ideal spot for watching wildlife, nature walks, and boat safaris.  Moreover, the wild elephants are the most fascinating wildlife in this national park.  Travel Tips For Periyar National Park  Don’t miss the nature walks around the Periyar Lake when you are visiting this national park.  It is the ideal activity here to spot wildlife and learn about the unique ecosystem of the national park.  8. Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand: The First National Park Of India  Area: 520 square kilometers Distance from Delhi: 250 km Best Months to Visit: Mid-November to Mid-June  Jim Corbett National Park is the crown jewel of wildlife tourism in India. Also, it has the laurel for being the first of its kind in various areas.  For example, this national park became the first national park in Asia when it was established in 1936. Also, it was the first national park to join the Project Tiger Initiative.  Along with tigers, it even has more than 600 species of birds, leopards, elephants, and other mammals.  Moreover, with 10 different species of trees, it has dense vegetation.  Travel Tips For Jim Corbett National Park Jeep safaris are organized in the Jim Corbett National Park for spotting the wildlife and exploring the landscape.  It is also an amazing place for photography due to its diverse landscape.  9. Sundarbans National Park, West Bengal: The Largest Mangrove Forest In The World Area (Tiger Reserve): 2584.89 square kilometers Distance from Kolkata: Best Time to Visit: From September to March The Ganges Delta has the biggest mangrove forest in the world, the Sundarbans. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is also the original abode of the Royal Bengal tigers.  You can take boat safaris along the canals or narrow waterways to explore the mangrove vegetation and wildlife.  Travel Tips For The Sundarbans National Park  The chances of spotting tigers and crocodiles are very low if you are going for the typical launch or steamer tours.  Moreover, you have to take the risk and explore the narrow waterways in a boat if you want to see wildlife in the Sunderbans.  10. Valley Of Flowers National Park, Uttarakhand: A UNESCO World Heritage Site Area: 87.50 square kilometers  Distance from Dehradun: 304 km Best Time to Visit: From June to October The Valley of Flowers National Park is located at a high altitude of approximately 3600 meters above sea level.  Moreover, it has expansive meadows that get flooded with flowers during the monsoon season. So, what you see in front of your eyes is a burst of colors.  Moreover, snow-capped mountains surround this beautiful national park.  Travel Tips For The Valley Of Flowers National Park You have to trek through the Valley of Flowers National Park to enjoy the views of the flowers and the mountains surrounding the park. 11. Pench National Park, Maharashtra And Madhya Pradesh: The National Park That Inspired The Jungle Book  Area: 758 square kilometers Distance from Nagpur: 79.4 km Distance from Jabalpur: 168 km Best Months to Visit: From October to June We all have grown up reading The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling. Now, it’s time to visit the national park that has inspired this amazing creation.  It is the Pench National Park, and it is home to different birds, leopards, and tigers.  Moreover, the park has a diverse landscape.  Travel Tips For Visiting The Pench National Park  Jeep safaris are the best way to explore the Pench National Park. Moreover, you have to book your safari via the MP forest department at least 120 days in advance.  12. Nagarhole National Park, Karnataka: Home To The Largest Congregation Of Asiatic Elephants And Rare Black Panthers  Area: 643 Square Kilometers Distance from Mysore: 60.9 km Best Months to Visit: From October to May The Nagarhole National Park is in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. With dense forests, waterfalls, and streams, it has the largest congregation of Asiatic elephants.  Furthermore, you will find the elusive black panthers here.  Moreover, it is home to elephants, deer, leopards, and tigers.  Travel Tips For The Nagarhole National Park  Wildlife safaris are popular in the Nagarhole National Park. Moreover, the national park has streams and forests, making the overall landscape fascinating.  13. Bannerghatta National Park, Karnataka: The First Butterfly Park In India  Area: 104 square kilometers Distance from Bangalore: 32 km Best Months to Visit: Year-round  The Bannerghatta National Park is very close to Bangalore. It is a wonderful place for ecotourism, and at the same time, it is an important place for wildlife conservation.  Moreover, it has the first butterfly park in India.  Travel Tips For Bannerghatta National Park The Bannerghatta National Park is an ideal destination for a family vacation. Furthermore, it offers a wonderful fusion of recreational and educational experiences.  14. Silent Valley National Park, Kerala: Home To The Largest Viable Population Of The Endangered Lion-Tailed Macaque Area: 895 square kilometers Distance from Palakkad: 55 km Best Months to Visit: From September to May The Silent Valley National Park is the “last undisturbed tract of South Western Ghats mountain rainforests and tropical moist evergreen forests in India.”  Furthermore, it has diverse flora and fauna. So, it is a popular place for nature lovers, wildlife photographers, and travelers looking for tranquility.  Travel Tips For Silent Valley National Park You have to hike through the forest to explore the flora and fauna of the Silent Valley National Park.  Furthermore, this national park is an important landmark associated with the history of environmental wellness in India.  Moreover, it is the place where the Save Silent Valley movement took place in the 1970s. This was a protest against a hydroelectric project.  15. Simlipal National Park, Odisha: The Only Habitat For The Rare Black (Melanistic) Tigers  Area: 2750 square kilometers Distance from Baripada: 126 Km Best Months to Visit: November to June A part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, the Simlipal National Park is where you will find the rare black tigers.  Furthermore, it has elephants, leopards, Royal Bengal tigers, and different bird species.  Moreover, this national park has a diverse ecosystem, including dense forests, waterfalls, and grasslands.  Travel Tips For Simlipal National Park Jeep safaris are the ideal way to explore the Simplipal National Park. With dense forests and waterfalls, it also has the most diverse landscape.  Which Of These Are Actually Weekend-Trip Friendly? A Reality Check Not every park on this list actually works as a weekend trip, despite the title.  Distance, altitude, and safari-booking lead times matter as much as how good the wildlife sightings are. So,  here is a more honest breakdown before you commit a Saturday and Sunday to one of these. Best For A True 2-Day Weekend (Under 200 Km From A Major City) Ranthambore National Park is the standout here. It is 180 km from Jaipur means a Friday-evening drive gets you in time for a Saturday-morning safari, with a full second safari on Sunday before heading back.  Bannerghatta National Park, just 32 km from Bangalore, works even for a single-day outing. However, it is a gentler, more family-oriented visit than a tiger reserve.  Nagarhole National Park (61 km from Mysore) and Pench National Park (79 km from Nagpur) both sit close enough to a regional airport or train hub to make a genuine two-night weekend realistic, provided you book the jeep safari in advance. Pench in particular requires booking through the Madhya Pradesh forest department up to 120 days ahead, so 'weekend trip' still means planning a season in advance, not the weekend itself. Better Planned As A 4-5 Day Trip, Not A Weekend Hemis National Park in Ladakh is the clearest outlier on this list. At 4,400 square kilometres and elevations up to 6,000 metres, it demands acclimatization days before any trekking. So, it is incompatible with a weekend regardless of how you fly in.  Simlipal National Park (126 km from Baripada, in a state with limited direct flight access) and the Valley of Flowers (304 km from Dehradun, reachable only via a multi-day trek) both fall into the same category. The travel time alone eats most of a two-day window before you have seen anything.  Sundarbans National Park is a similar case. The boat safaris that actually offer a chance at spotting wildlife take a full day each way from Kolkata, so a proper visit needs at least three nights to be worth the trip.  If any of these are on your list, I'd block out a long weekend with an extra day of leave attached, rather than trying to force them into a standard Saturday-Sunday trip. Things To Remember As You Plan A Weekend Trip To A Nearby National Or State Park Keep the following things in mind as you plan a weekend trip to a nearby national or state park.  Know the best time to visit and the current weather conditions before planning your trip. Also, know the regulations and follow the safety guidelines.  In addition, you have to be particular about the things you need to pack.  Furthermore, you have to be careful about the natural habitat and wildlife in all national parks.  Moreover, you have to be responsible for the tourism options.  So, be responsible and careful, and enjoy the diverse landscape and wildlife of the best national parks in India. Read Also: Why Are Lodhi Garden And Khan Market In Delhi Famous? Away From The Busy Streets Of Delhi Hauz Khas Village: How To Spend A Day And Enjoy A Breath Of Fresh Air? Learn All About the Best Solo Trip in India Right Here!

BY  Sibashree Feb 18, 2026

After exploring the Tamil culture and the Hindu temples of Jaffna, it was time to visit an ancient and secluded Buddhist meditation retreat in Sri Lanka.  It has stone ruins from the 1st century BC. Also, it was once home to the Pamsukulika Sect of monks, who were known for their meditation-based and secluded lives in the forest.  Moreover, the Ritigala Forest Monastery has an association with the stories of the Ramayana. Also, this monastery is inside the Ritigala Forest Reserve. So, it is a place where history, spirituality, and wildlife await you.  Hi, in today’s blog, I will talk about how I climbed up the stone steps to reach the Ritigala Monastery in Sri Lanka. I will also discuss the history, legends, and the main attractions of visiting the ancient monastery today.  I will also talk about the transportation options.  Where Is Ritigala Forest Monastery? Sri Lanka may be one of the cheapest places to travel in the world. However, its natural beauty and the cultural and historical richness are matchless. The Ritigala Forest Monastery is one of the hidden gems in Sri Lanka.  The Ritigala monastery is located across from the mountain of Ritigala. The mountain of Ritigala is the highest mountain in the dry northern region of Sri Lanka.  It is close to Harbarana, which is again the epicenter of the Cultural Triangle, the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, Dambulla Cave Temple, and Polonnaruwa. It is also the gateway to many wildlife safaris in Sri Lanka.  The distance between Harbarana and the Ritigala mountain is around 21 km. Other important locations near the mountain are Anuradhapura, which is at a distance of 42 km. It is also close to Sigiriya, at a distance of 32 km.  Furthermore, the Ritigala Forest Monastery is inside the Ritigala Strict Nature Reserve.  However, remember one thing. As I mentioned in my Jaffna, Sri Lanka, travel guide, you have to rely on the locals when you are exploring the cultural landmarks or a secluded place like the Ritigala Forest Monastery.  You cannot trust Google Maps completely for locating the Ritigala mountains and monastery.  How To Reach The Ritigala Forest Monastery?  Harbarana was the base for my road trip to the Ritigala mountain and trekking further.  1. Reaching Harbarana From The Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) I took a flight to the Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB). The distance between the Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) and Habarana is around 151 km. You can take a car rental for the entire journey. However, being a fan of the LowDownUnder Travel, I chose a different path.  After reaching the Bandaranaike International Airport, I took a taxi to Gampaha and then took a train to Harbarana. The ticket cost me around INR 400, and the travel time was around 4 hours and 40 minutes.  The Sri Lanka Railways runs two trains daily from Gampaha to Habarana.  Other airports close to Habarana are Sigiriya Airport (18 minutes), Kandy Airport (2 hours), and Trincomalee (1 hour and 36 minutes).  2. From Harbarana To The Ritigara Mountain  From Harbarana, I took a taxi to reach Ritigala. It cost around INR 420, and the travel time was around 35-40 minutes.  You can also reserve a car or tuk-tuk to take you to the mountains, wait for you at the entrance gate, and take you back home when you are done trekking. In such cases, the reservation cost will be around INR 1000-1200.  The route from Harbarana to Ritigara was beautiful. My cab driver pointed out the local farming practices and the land on the way.  It was a fulfilling experience, just as Jaffna has a unique food scene. Food here is based on local agricultural practices and the food habits of this northern-central region of Sri Lanka. Red rice, jackfruit curry, and river fish are the staples here.   Also, my driver told me to keep my eyes open to spot elephants. However, I was not lucky enough to spot my favorite animal. I noticed some fresh dung on the road, though.  Furthermore, when the car came off the main road, the ride became a little bumpy. The route from here to the Ritigara mountain was a combination of dirt tracks and semi-paved roads.  Finally, I reached the entrance of Ritigala and purchased my ticket. The ticket cost me around INR 450, and I even got a guide for INR 1200. What Is The History Of Ritigala Forest Monastery?  The history of the Ritigala Forest Monastery goes back to the 1st century BC. You will find here more than 70 rock caves, the 9th-century meditation spots of the "Pansukulika” monks, and unadorned stone pathways.  Here is a brief historical timeline of the Ritigala Forest Monastery.  1. Establishment Of The Ritigala Forest Site For Monks Buddhist monks came here and started living in the sacred mountains in the 1st century BC. There were more than 70 caves where monks started meditating in solitude.  Even today, there are many rock inscriptions from which we can learn about how many patrons helped to build and maintain the site. It was home to monks who left the luxury of monasteries and used to meditate in the caves.  2. Receiving Royal Patronage This site received adequate royal patronage, and from the inscriptions, we especially get to know about King Pandukabhaya.  He founded Anuradhapura and built a reservoir at the base of the mountain for the hermits here in the 4th century BC.  3. Building Of The Pansukulika Sect Monastery King Sena I built the Ritigala Monastery in 833, and it was meant for the Pansukulikas, or monks in rag robes.  These monks practiced the highest form of asceticism, and they were on a mission to revive the simple teachings of Lord Buddha.  4. The Decline Of The Pansukulika Sect And The Monastery  From the 9th to the 11th century, the Ritigala Forest Monastery and the Pansukulika Sect of monks enjoyed immense glory.  However, with increasing donations and the monks getting inclined toward what they earlier rejected, the core philosophy of the sect was lost.  Two rival sub-sects were formed within the Pansukulika Sect. Finally, King Vijayabahu I confiscated their extensive holdings in 1070-1110 CE as part of a Buddhist monastic reform.  5. Abandonment And Discovery Of The Ancient Monastery Despite the royal patronage, the Ritigala Forest Monastery was abandoned around the 10th to 12th centuries due to the Chola invasions.  It was an unprotected ruin until James Mantell, the British colonial surveyor, saw the ruins while climbing up the mountain.  Then, he drew the attention of H.C.P. Bell, the first Archaeological Commissioner of Ceylon. He understood the historical and religious importance of the place and expanded it extensively in 1893.  Finally, in 1941, the 1528 hectares of the forest area, including the ruins, were designated as a Strict Nature Reserve.  Today, the conservation efforts strike a balance between the ecological and archaeological preservation of the monastery and the site.  Design And Engineering Of The Ritigala Forest Monastery: The Incredible Ruin The monastery does not look like the traditional stupas. Here, you will find interconnected stones, paved pathways, and stone bridges.  Furthermore, there are bathing areas like the famous Banda Pokuna.  The most unique thing about the Ritigala Monastery is that here you will not find any Bodhi Tree or any Buddha statue.  It is a place where you can walk, meditate, and contemplate.  You may call it a failed attempt to revive the radical simplicity of Buddhism. However, for every seeker, it will always be a place to introspect and connect to a higher energy.  I had goosebumps the moment I entered the monastery. Let’s delve deeper into the unique architecture of the monastery.  1. The Padhanaghara And Stone Pathways  The ruins of the Ritigala Forest Monastery cover an area of around 120 acres. You will see around 50 distinct meditation houses, or Padhanaghara, in the area.  Inside each meditation house, you will find two raised platforms in the east-west direction, and those were made of stone. A small moat surrounded the platforms, and a small stone bridge connected the platforms.  Probably, these structures were used for some rituals or meditation purposes.  Interlinking stone pathways connect these meditation houses. These pathways are 1.5 meters in width, and the width is consistent as the pathways ascend the slope. These pathways also have circular intersections.  2. Water Management System The water management system in Ritigala Forest Monastery was sophisticated. Banda Pokuna and Kumbuk Wewa, these twin ponds, were carved from rock.  Furthermore, I found a large stone trough in the courtyard, which was used for cooking food.  Also, I saw the ruins of the monastery hospital and stone mortars, which were used to grind and prepare herbal medicines.  Moreover, the monastery did not have any residential complex. The monks lived and meditated in the caves.  However, there were urinal stones, which were the only amenities or the luxury the monks enjoyed in this austere setup.  What Is The Legend Of The Ritigala Forest Monastery?  The Ritigala mountain has a connection to Hindu mythology, the Ramayana. Attacked by Ravana, Lakshmana, the brother of Lord Ramachandra, became unconscious on the battlefield.  Lord Hanuman, on Lord Rama’s command, went to fetch a life-saving medicinal herb from the Dronagiri. However, he forgot the name of the herb and carried the entire mountain on his shoulder.  When he was crossing the Palk Strait, five segments of the mountain fell from his grasp. The biggest fragment fell on the site of the Ritigala Mountain.  Now, you may not believe the legend of the Ritigala Mountain. However, the presence of various medicinal plants in the mountains keeps the myth alive.  Moreover, among the 417 species of plants here, around 96 varieties are for medicinal purposes. Moreover, the northern peaks have names such as the Wannati-kanda and Aushada-kanda.  Climbing To The Ritigala Forest Monastery In Sri Lanka  Climbing up to the Ritigala Forest Monastery was a free-flowing experience. There are many things to see, but more to feel.  Here is how I explored the ruins.  1. The Bathing Pond  As I left the ticket counter behind, I found the first ruin. I took the stone steps to visit a massive bathing area.  You have to be careful with the steps here, as they are cracked and have overgrown tree roots.  Large trees have grown in the bathing area now. However, you can still understand its massive scale.  2. A Winding Stone Path And Ruins Of The Monastery The winding stone pathway took me through various ruins, and they stood like the blueprints from a bygone era.  The most striking one among them was the ruins of the hospital. It still had a sunken bath and grinding stones for preparing medicines.  As I climbed up, I found the meditation platforms, big multi-chambered rooms, and urinals.  3. The Large Pavilion With Columns  I found a large pavilion here with big columns. However, the more intriguing was the Big Tree behind the ruin.  It is so massive that its ground roots have created a labyrinth. The road seems to fizzle out at this stage. However, my gut instinct said that there is something more.  4. The Hidden Ruin  My guide was not happy with me for continuing further. As I headed down, after the initial disappointment of landing on the forest floor, I found another ruin.  There was a stone bridge, and it took me to a promontory with a square structure. It was the ruins of the library that had many precious manuscripts.  The view from the promontory was amazing.  It is a shame that most trekkers miss it, as the signs are not adequate and often hidden in the overgrown bushes. Furthermore, most of them are only in the Sinhalese language, which only locals can read.  However, I used the absence of signboards to my advantage.  Practical Tips For A Visit To The Ritigala Forest Monastery  If you are traveling with your partner or in a group, you must reserve a tuk-tuk or car to bring you back. You may not get passing traffic. I took the risk as it was a solo adventure.  You have to carry snacks and water. Wear sunscreen and carry insect repellent.  You will find a toilet at the entrance of the ruins. I did not use it. So, I am not sure about the condition or the amenities available.  Ritigala Forest Monastery: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)  Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about the Ritigala Forest Monastery. 1. How Much Time Is Needed At Ritigala? Trekking to the Ritigala Forest Monastery is going to take around 2 hours. So, overall, you will need at least 3 hours in Ritigala. Trekking up the route is easy. However, walking through the cracked stone steps can be challenging.Also, signboards are scarce and incomprehensible on the route. So, you must take a local guide.  2. Where To Stay Near The Ritigala Forest Monastery? I stayed at Habarana, and the name of my hostel was The Lake Breeze. The tariff for the hostel was around INR 2000. The amenities were basic, with fans, Wi-Fi, and mosquito nets.  3. Is Taking A Tour Of Ritigala Forest Monastery Worth It? Yes, taking a tour of the Ritigala Forest Monastery is absolutely worth it. Here, you will find the ruins of the 1st century BC, and it is great for anyone with a keen interest in the history and evolution of Buddhism. ]Furthermore, the ambiance of the ruins is introspective and meditative. Moreover, you can easily reserve a car or tuk-tuk to reach the base of the Ritigala Mountain and then start your trek for 1.5 to 2 hours.