The Glaciers of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park: Experience The Magnificence Of Nature 

Aug 9, 2024

Last Updated on: Jun 12, 2025

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Wrangell-St. Elias, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an icy wonderland. It is a place where active volcanoes and the largest glaciers, like Malaspina, coexist, making it “A Song of Ice and Fire.” 

It also has some of the greatest mountain ranges in the world and mighty rivers. Further, unique geological features and weather conditions have made the national park a land of biodiversity and wilderness with a lot of mammals, birds, fish, and plants

Let me take you on a tour of the Wrangell-St. Elias glaciers and everything the national park has to offer.  

What Are The Notable Glaciers In Wrangell-St. Elias? 

What Are The Notable Glaciers In Wrangell-St. Elias?

Nabesna Glacier, Malaspina Glacier, and Hubbard Glacier are the most notable ones in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park.  

Along with these glaciers, you can also see glacier features like glacier caves, Jökulhlaups, and ice falls. Let’s briefly discuss the major glaciers and glacier features.  

Malaspina Glacier

Did you know that Malaspina Glacier is the “largest Piedmont glacier in the world?” Designated as a National Natural Landscape in 1968, it spans across 1,075,409 acres.  

Further, its glacial mechanisms and fluctuations have made it a favorite of explorers. The glacier is also a favorite of space travelers as it looks vibrant from space.  

In an article published by NASA Earth Observatory on 27th October 2023, we can find, 

The dark blueish-purple lines on the ice are moraines—areas where soil, rock, and other debris have been scraped up by the glacier and deposited along its edges. The zigzag pattern of the debris is caused by changes in the ice’s velocity. Glaciers in this area of Alaska periodically “surge” or lurch forward for one to several years. As a result of this irregular flow, the moraines can fold, compress, and shear to form the characteristic textures seen on Malaspina.” 

Hubbard Glacier 

Hubbard Glacier

Hubbard, “the sleeping giant,” is the largest when it comes to the tidewater glaciers in North America (75 miles long). The glacier gets its name from Gardiner Hubbard, National Geographic Society’s first president.  

Also called the “Galloping Glacier,” it comes with tranquil blue ice. You can explore Hubbard Glacier through a cruise trip.  

Visiting the Hubbard Glacier becomes more exciting as you meet the sea otters, whales, sea lions, and bears along the route.  

Nabesna Glacier 

With a length of 53 miles, Nabesna Glacier is the “longest interior valley glacier” in the world. However, there are concerns regarding the loss of ice mass in the glacier. A 2007 report says, 

Nabesna, the largest glacier in this region (˜1056 km2), lost mass four times faster during 2000–07 than during 1957–2000. Although accelerated, the mass change over this region is slower than in other glacierized regions of Alaska, particularly those with tidewater glaciers.” 

Glacier Features In Wrangell-St. Elias 

You will come across many fascinating glacier caves in Wrangell-St. Elias, especially near the Kennecott Mines National Historic Landmark.  

Further, ice falls, or the fountains of the glacier, move very fast, and it’s fascinating to see how they form seracs or blocks.  

Also, there are Jökulhlaups, or flooded glacier outbursts, adding to the various glacier features of the national park.   

Amazing Glaciers of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park Facts 

  • Mount  St. Elias, the largest peak of the national park, is the second-highest in the world. 
  • Mount Wrangell, the only active volcano here, is one of the largest active volcanoes in North America. 
  • It has Nabesna Glacier, Malaspina Glacier, and Hubbard Glacier, three of the largest in the world.  
  • It is a part of the “world’s largest international protected wilderness.” 
  • Mid-May to mid-September is the best time to visit this park.  

Wrangell-St. Elias: A UNESCO World Heritage Site 

Wrangell-St. Elias

Home to countless glaciers and many high mountains, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park enjoys the status of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with Kluane, Glacier Bay, and Tatshenshini-Alsek.  

Also, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park is a part of the “largest non-polar icefield in the world.” You will find Dall’s sheep, grizzly bears, caribou, and many other animals roaming in this part of the world.  

Further, certain geographical and biological factors and “protection and management requirements” make this national park a place of outstanding universal value. Let’s discuss them in detail.  

Rich In Biodiversity 

The scenic beauty and geological diversity in the park are outstanding. It has sea mammals and other aquatic animals. Further, you can see many land mammals, birds, and different types of trees in this park.  

The table below mentions some of the most popular birds, trees, and animals you can see here.  

Land Mammals Brown Bears Polar Bears Black Bears Mountain Goats Dall Sheep Bison Coyotes Wolverine Porcupine 
Sea Mammals and Other Marine Creatures Whales Sea Lions Porpoises Harbor Seals Sea Otters 
Plants (936 Vascular Plant Species) Sedge Family Grass Family Sunflower Family Trees Willows Various Introduced Species 
Birds Bald Eagles Canada Geese Trumpeter Swans Wilson’s Warblers American Robins 

Home to boreal forest, Wrangell-St. Elias has one of the largest ecosystems in the world. Diverse geological features and unique weather conditions support this sprawling ecosystem or biodiversity.  

Comes With Topographical Diversity  

This national park is one of the most diverse in its topographical features. It has glaciers, rivers, river canyons, volcanoes, snow-capped mountains and whatnot!  

Geomorphological features like hanging valleys, moraines, craters, and calderas also make this national park unique.  

A Hub Of Active Tectonic, Volcanic, Glacial, And Fluvial Natural Processes  

Like the entire Alaska, Wrangell-St. Elias is also in an area where tectonic, volcanic, glacial, and fluvial natural processes are common.  

So, it has active and inactive volcanoes, the largest glaciers, and some prominent fluvial landforms. It has the mighty Copper River, Rivers of Life, and braided rivers formed of glacier water.  

Final Words  

Wrangell-St. Elias National Park has the highest glacier coverage among all national parks in America. It also has the active Mount Wrangell volcano, rivers, and wetlands, making it a place of geological interest.  

Exploring the glacier caves and the ice falls here is a one-of-a-kind experience, and it’s wonderful to see how the richest biodiversity with mammals, birds, aquatic animals, and trees thrives here.  

So, come and experience the brilliance of nature as you explore the largest glaciers of the world’s largest glaciers, such as Malaspina and Hubbard.  

Or have you already been to this land of volcanoes and glaciers? Don’t forget to share your experience of the glaciers of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park tours.   

Wrangell-St. Elias National Park FAQs  

How Many Glaciers Are In Wrangell-St. Elias National Park? 

Like the entire Alaska, Wrangell-St. Elias is filled with glaciers. According to the latest count of the National Park Service (NPS), the Wrangell-St. Elias National Park has 3,121 glaciers. Further, these glaciers cover a whopping “6,757 square miles of land.” 

So, Wrangell-St. Elias has glaciers that cover 60% of all the glacier coverage in American National Parks. Glacier Bay in Alaska is the distant second to Wrangell-St. Elias. The glacier coverage at Glacier Bay is just 1/5th of Wrangell-St. Elias. 

In addition, Malaspina, Hubbard, and the Bering glaciers, located along the park’s southern margin, are three of the largest glaciers in the world.  

Having said that, glacier coverage in Alaska is shrinking, and  Wrangell-St. Elias is not an exception. From 1985 to 2020, it has already experienced a 5% reduction in its glacier coverage.  

How many People Visit Wrangell-St. Elias National Park Each Year? 

The National Park Service has a record of visitors to Wrangell-St. Elias National Park since 1982. Since then, this park has been enjoying thousands of footfalls every year. 

2023 was one of the topmost years in terms of number of people visiting  Wrangell-St. Elias. It had 78,305 visitors in 2023

In 2020 (the Covid-19 era), the park had 16,655 visitors. From 2021, the number of visitors has increased consistently. (Source) 

What Is Unique About Wrangell-St. Elias National Park? 

With the largest glaciers and volcanoes in the world, Wrangell-St. Elias is unique because of its geographical features. It is also one of the most prominent hubs of biodiversity. Thanks to its extensive glacier and volcanic coverage and rich wildlife, it has earned the status of a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Among glaciers, Hubbard (one of the largest in the world and the largest tidewater glacier in North America) and Malaspina Glacier demand a special mention.  

The Mount Wrangell volcano in this park is still active, and some other volcanoes here are Mount Drum, Capital Mountain, Skookum Creek Volcano, etc. 

Further, it has an endangered sea mammal, Steller Sea Lion, and other marine animals. Bears, mountain goats, and sheep are common land mammals roaming here.  

Also, you will find birds like the American robins, Wilson’s warblers, and dark-eyed junco in this national park.  

What Is The Highest Peak In Wrangell-St. Elias? 

Mount St. Elias is the highest peak in Wrangell-St. Elias. With a height of 18,008 feet, it is also the second-highest peak in North America.  

Having said that, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park celebrates the presence of four major mountain ranges in the world. It has the eastern part of the Alaskan Range, St. Elias, Chugach, and Wrangell.  

Why Is Wrangell-St. Elias Protected? 

Wrangell-St. Elias is protected to “preserve and protect ecological integrity and heritage resources of a vast ecosystem in south-central Alaska, while providing for public use in a wilderness setting. 

So, it is protected to preserve the local geology and diversity of the landscape with glaciers, volcanoes, and wetlands. It is also a measure to preserve wildlife and its inhabitants.

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Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!

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Roça São João Dos Angolares: Great For Cultural Immersion And Sustainable Tourism Roça São João Dos Angolares is an eco lodge that was formerly a plantation. It is also a cultural center. It offers cooking classes, storytelling events with local artists, and art exhibitions.  5. Boca Do Inferno (Hell’s Mouth): Visit During High Tide For Full Effect This dramatic blowhole on the southern coast of São Tomé is the perfect example of juxtaposition. Here, the waves kiss the volcanic cliffs with the water jets reaching the sky.  6. Praia Jalé Turtle Nesting Site Find the sea turtles nesting here during the November to March season. Praia Inhame Eco Lodge in São Tomé and Bom Bom Island Resort in Príncipe are the best places for watching turtle nesting.  7. Nova Estrela Viewpoint (Príncipe Island): Ideal For Sunrise Hikes And Drone Photography View this post on Instagram A post shared by HBD Príncipe (@hbd_principe) It is a beautiful viewpoint offering panoramic vistas of the rainforest and coastline of Príncipe.  8. Roça Água Izé: Offers Insight Into The Island’s Colonial Past View this post on Instagram A post shared by Francisco Almada Lobo (@almadalobo) It is an abandoned cacao plantation and is almost haunted. It stands out with its overgrown gardens and colonial architecture.  9. Whale Watching Off Príncipe: Best Enjoyed With Snorkeling And Diving Trips Humpback whales migrate to Príncipe through the waterways from July to September. Be a part of eco tours for respectful and sustainable viewing opportunities.  10. Rainforest Retreats At Sundy Praia: Perfect For Eco-Travelers Seeking Tranquility View this post on Instagram A post shared by Ramosdafrica (@ramosdafrica) Sundy Praia is a luxury tented villa in the rainforest of Príncipe. Enjoy yoga, guided nature walks, and conservation education. São Tomé And Príncipe Travel Planning Checklist Here is a list of things to do and things to avoid while planning a trip to São Tomé Eco-Lodges. Things to DoThings to Avoid• Checking visa requirements with the São Tomé embassy or consulate based on your nationality• Checking the availability of the co-lodges and booking them in advance• Plan your visit between June and October for wildlife watching.• Pack breathable clothing, reef-safe sunscreen, insect repellent, and rain gear• Bring malaria prophylaxis, basic meds, and travel insurance.• Check the requirements for a yellow fever vaccination.• Consider the limited availability of domestic flights to Príncipe and book early.• Not all eco-lodges offer transfers. You may have to take shared minibuses and taxis. • Carry some Dobra (STN) for transactions in rural areas. • Portuguese is the official language.• Kafuka or community gatherings are special here.• Avoid single-use plastics and respect wildlife viewing guidelines.• Support community-led tours, conservation projects, and local artisans• Save maps, lodge contacts, and embassy info offline before arrival, as some places will have limited network connectivity.• Not all “eco-lodges” are truly sustainable.• Not looking for transparency in energy use, waste management, and community impact.• Not carrying Dobra (STN) or Euros in cash, as ATMs are limited and not all facilities accept cards.• Medical facilities are basic. So, not having travel insurance with medical coverage or not carrying a medical care box can be a big mistake. • Missing out on the local cooking classes or visiting the villages is a mistake. • Using single-use water bottles and leaving litter everywhere São Tomé Eco-Lodges Are More Than Just Places To Stay Supporting local communities Supporting environmental development Protecting biodiversity Experiencing the authentic charm of the islands These are the benefits of staying in the best São Tomé eco lodges. Furthermore, these lodges are diverse and they offer luxury, simplicity, or cultural immersion in the most responsible way.  So, get ready for the most immersive experience at the best São Tomé eco lodges! 

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Is Spirit Airlines Safe? Get Your Answer Here!

BY  sagnika Jun 24, 2023

Are you making plans to travel someplace? Are you wondering is spirit airlines safe when you are booking flights? Read this article to learn more by evaluating reviews of spirit airlines. Spirit Airlines, Inc. has its headquarters situated in Florida. In recent times, the company has been in discussion with JetBlue Airlines in relevance to acquisition. The company's expansion in the last few years has led to it covering more than 30 countries worldwide. In the recent past, Spirit Airlines has faced penalties from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for violating federal regulations based on placards, seat markings, and cabins. Due to the different issues identified in the airlines and their functionality, the brand is experiencing a loss. Is Spirit Airlines Safe? - Answered Here Spirit Airlines is one of the most used airlines in the United States due to its low budget. The airline has been in operation for 20 years now, and it is one of the most convenient and affordable options for people trying to travel within a set budget. The flights provide a comfortable experience for all the passengers who book their flights with Spirit Airlines. The low-cost carrier ensures that all passengers are safe, and they try to provide excellent services. Due to the low cost, it is often asked how safe is spirit airlines. In recent reviews of Spirit Airlines, there have been some questions regarding the safety of the airline's services. People are asking is spirit airlines safe? The operations have been expanded over the years leading to certain customer satisfaction issues. What Are Spirit Airlines? Spirit Airlines, inc. was founded in 1983 under Charter One Airlines, and operations commenced in 1990. The airline's fleet size is 197 and covers 83 destinations in total. Spirit Airlines is an ultra-low-cost airline and is a United States-based airline. The airline operates flights between Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States. By 2020, Spirit Airlines had been identified as Northern America's eighth-largest passenger airline. Spirit Airlines is also the only largest low-cost carrier in North America; initially, it was quite in demand. However, with the passing years, there have been some serious concerns about the safety of the passengers. Ownership The company is owned by Delaware Corporation, which has been traded publicly on the New York Stock Exchange. Previously the organization's headquarters was in Eastpointe; however, in 1999, it moved to Miranman, Florida. In 2019 the company announced that it was planning to move its headquarters to Dania Beach, Florida; however, there has yet to be a confirmation. Business Model The business model of spirit airlines can be described as fee-based, where low ticket prices are used to reel customers in. However, the low price is only for the ticket you buy. People ask why is spirit airlines so cheap? It is not. The ticket is priced less while the additional charges come from services such as snacks, water, carry-on bags, checked baggage, and seat selection. Through the non-ticket revenue, the low-cost carrier acquires half of its total revenue per passenger. In a financial report for 2022, it was observed that Spirit Airlines have way more surprise fees that they do not disclose before you book a ticket. Headquarters Their headquarters are quite cheap, and neither do they invest in maintenance, leading to serious money saving. Apart from the surprise fees, the organization has integrated some strategies to say money, such as using a single family of aircraft. Streamline training leads to a decrease in chain costs. A streamlined fleet will mean more effective service because the all-Airbus fleet is new hence, more efficient fuel use. The gates are used more than other airlines, leading to more flights in a day. Services The airline company has Free Spirit, a frequent-flyer program designed for flyers who frequent Spirit Airlines. The frequent flyers also have a three-tier program providing services for collecting qualifying points for frequent flyers. These points can be utilized while booking flights in a calendar year. The airline uses an all-Airbus fleet with economy classes and big front seats. The airlines provide services in the form of customization, giving customers freedom. In a single day, the airline operates around 500 flights, covering over 60 places in and around the Caribbean, U.S., and Latin America. Further services include Free Spirit points, a Spirit Savers Club, and a Free Spirit MasterCard. Reviews On Spirit Airlines According to the ratings on ConsumerAffairs, Spirit Airlines has been rated 1.1 out of 5 based on 114 reviews. 97% of the total reviews have been 1, which shows the significant dissatisfaction of airline customers. Are spirit airlines safe is a valid concern for passengers. Even after being a low-cost carrier, people are dissatisfied with the services and the financial requirements. Customers have cited refund issues, extra charging for handbags and checked baggage, complaints against staff for rude behavior, etc. Another review on FlightDeck gives a 3.5 out of 5 for Spirit Airlines based on expensive additional baggage fees, additional charges for all aspects of travel, and poor customer service. So to answer is spirit airlines safe? The verdict is still pending. How To Know If An Airline Is Safe? Passengers' first concern when selecting an airline is always safety. Even though it can be challenging to gauge an airline's level of safety, there are numerous resources available that provide useful details about the company's track record and dependability. Examining its safety record is one method to obtain credible proof. You can evaluate the number of significant incidents that have happened as well as how the airline handled them by looking at actual statistics and data. Additionally, observe the carrier's safety procedures and policies to determine whether they adhere to international aviation standards. For the benefit of its member airlines, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) established certain safety guidelines for air travel. To make sure it complies, you can do a little research. That may serve as a gauge for how much an airline values safety. In addition, you are required to heed any safety briefings and adhere to the airline's safety instructions. Have faith in the crew and flight attendants. They are skilled at what they do. Leave your possessions behind in an emergency; the safety of you and others should always come first. It takes research and analysis to determine whether an airline is safe. When deciding which airlines to trust with your travel arrangements, you can feel more confident if you take the time to compare and assess. How Does Spirit Airlines Compare To Others? American airline Spirit was established in 1980 with a focus on low-cost travel. With its main office located in Miramar, Florida, the airline offers affordable flights to various US destinations. It serves international flights to Europe and the Caribbean in addition to domestic flights. Spirit's business model is built around the no-frills approach, meaning that extras are not included in the goal of providing an inexpensive travel service. Reduced amenities such as meals, in-flight entertainment, and checked baggage add up to a significantly cheaper total. As a result, Spirit Airlines offers significant savings if you're ready to give up some luxuries. Prepare yourself by packing light, bringing food, and purchasing tickets in advance to avoid extra fees. But if you'd rather have a more comfortable experience, you can also opt to pay for extras like snacks or more legroom. Controversy There have been issues in the form of massive cancellations. 2018 on May 7th, the airlines canceled 300 flights in a day. It led to 30000 stranded passengers only because there was a shortage of pilots. Further, on May 8th, 180 flights were canceled, one of the highest numbers of canceled flights by a carrier. The refund amount crossed $60 million, which is a significant impact on their profitability. Safety Issues There have been some serious issues concerning safety. Not just because it is a low-budget carrier but also because there have been experiences informing that the staff and the pilots' low wages impact their behavior and performance. Has spirit airlines ever crashed? Yes it has. The carrier has had brutal accidents over the past years, confirming the passengers' fear. One of the notable incidents was the Flight 587 crash in 2001. 260 people aboard were killed, while 5 people on the ground were dead shortly after the flight took off from JFK Airport, New York. Other crashes by the same airlines have been fatal, leading to the death of 275 people. Based on the reviews, people who have had the experience of traveling by Spirit Airlines do not consider the experience of flying via Spirit Safe. Conclusion Read this article if you plan on booking Spirit Airlines for travel and what issues you might face in the process. Before you ask is spirit airlines safe, you should know the cons to decide whether to proceed with the bookings? Please let us know if you have used Spirit Airlines in the comments below about your traveling experience. Read Also: Everything About Breeze Airways: Breeze Airways Reviews, Features, And More! 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