No, it’s not the battle of the Starks, Lannisters, and other houses of Westeros. In Canada lies Kootenay National Park, the actual land of ice and fire. The glacier-made canyons and valleys sing the song of the ice, while the hot springs and grasslands keep the “fire” element alive here.
Also, the national park is a hub of ancient fossils, encouraging walks through the fossil trails. Moreover, you can take a scenic drive through the park, rich in Indigenous culture, history, architecture, and cultural landscape.
So, do you want a virtual tour of this Canadian national park? THIS is where your journey begins!
THESE Are The Things You Will Do At Kootenay National Park
With no cell service available in Kootenay National Park, you can get lost in the wilderness and explore the most fascinating landscape. However, being respectful to the wildlife is a must for this national park. This August, I came across disturbing news while doing my research on Kootenay National Park.
I have been in touch with a local from Radium Hot Springs for quite some time now. He told me that a grizzly bear coming out of Kootenay National Park was almost struck by an SUV on 19th August 2024.
This incident occurred on a busy highway in southeastern British Columbia, and fortunately, the Kia Sportage SUV made its way to the other side safely. Further, it was a lesson on why following the safety guidelines is crucial while driving in and around the Kootenay National Park.
On the major routes of Kootenay National Park, you will have to maintain a maximum speed of 56 mph. However, on the minor routes, the highest driving speed limit will be 37 mph.
Also, around one month before the incident, on 24th July 2024, there was a minor fire in the Sinclair Canyon slopes (near Radium Hot Springs) of the national park. It was called the Berland Ridge wildfire. This fire was under control thanks to a helicopter bucketing water on it.
However, outside the park’s southern boundary, there was a blazing fire that was brought under control after pain-stricken efforts.
So, these incidents show how mindful and cautious you need to be while taking part in the following activities.
Hiking In Kootenay National Park (Hikers’ Favorite Trails)
The hiking trails in Kootenay National Park are full of elevation gains and losses. Also, today, the national park has more than 70hiking trails at easy, moderate, and difficult levels.
However, I have curated a few hiking trails in the table below. After interacting with a couple of hikers, I found out that these are the ones most preferred.
Name of the Trail
Difficulty Level
Distance
Location
Highlights
Marble Canyon
Easy
1.4 Km with 42 M Elevation Gain
Located near Lake Louise, Alberta
Hiking, snowshoeing, and running are the favorite activities here. It is a pet-friendly and kid-friendly trail. It is a year-long hiking trail.
Stanley Glacier Trail
Difficult
10.9 Km with 607 M Elevation Gain
Located near Lake Louise, Alberta
Snowshoeing, camping, and hiking are popular activities on this trail. You can take your dog as a company. June to September is the best time to hike this trail.
Sinclair Canyon via Juniper Trail
Moderate
5.8 Km with 291 M Elevation Gain
It is close to Radium Hot Springs in British Columbia.
You will have to hike through a beautiful cedar fir forest on this trail. The view of verdant Sinclair Canyon Falls and the Columbia Valley from this trail is breathtaking.
Marble Canyon to Paint Pots
Moderate
2.9 Km with 110 M Elevation Gain
Radium Hot Springs (Marble Canyon Parking Lot – 89 km east of Radium Hot Springs, Paint Pots – 86 Km east of Radium Hot Springs).
Explore a good mix of mature and burnt forest throughout the trail. Behold the Vermillion River running parallel to the trail.
Floe Lake
Difficult
10.5 Km with 1,110 M Elevation Gain
Near Radium Hot Springs (72 Km East)
Backpacking and camping are popular activities on this trail. The trail leads to the Floe Lake Backcountry campground. This popular meadowy trail is known for its views of peaks, glaciers, and the beautiful Floe Lake.
Numa Creeks
Moderate
6.3 Km with 385 M Elevation Gain
The trailhead is near the Numa Falls, which is 80 Km east of the Radium Hot Springs.
It is a forested trail. The trail leads to heavy avalanche paths in the park.
The hikers’ words about the trails in this national park are quite encouraging. Let’s find out what they are saying about the mesmerizing hiking trails.
“This is a beautiful, deep canyon hike. The trail crosses the canyon multiple times to view the ferocious Kootenay river below. Hiking boots aren’t necessary since it is a well-traveled trail.” – Deborah Turcotte on the Marble Canyon Trail
“The trail was mostly dry and in very good condition. No snow on the trail, just a few short wet spots. Trek up is mostly sheltered but a bit chilly and windy in the bowl so bring layers as the temp changes quickly when the sun is behind clouds. Still lots of snow in the bowl. Found one rock with fossils. There are a few small waterfalls on Stanley Peak. Lots of boulders at the base of the bowl to sit and enjoy a lunch and 360 views. An easy to moderate 3-4 hour hike with nice views of Stanley Peak, Storm Mtn, and the Kootenay Valley.” – Sue W on the Stanley Glacier Trail
Kootenay National Park Camping
Kootenay National Park is a wonderful place for frontcountry and backcountry camping. You can even live in oTENTiks and spend some unforgettable days in the park under the sky.
Frontcountry Camping
You can camp near theVermillion, Kootenay, and Simpson rivers. Also, you can find some quiet spots near Radium Hot Springs village.
Summer is the best season for front-country camping in the national park. However, the sites remain crowded. So, you must go for a prior booking.
Further, the daytime temperature in the national park remains between 16-23 degrees centigrade. Still, the temperature at night can drop below 0 degrees centigrade. So, abiding by the camping rules is crucial, and especially, be particular about the things you will have to carry.
Moreover, like camping in any national park, here also you have to ensure that you don’t leave any trace behind as you leave the site.
Backcountry Camping
Backcountry camping and backpacking are the best ways to explore the wilderness of this Canadian national park. However, you must make a prior booking and carry a backcountry permit if you want to spend some days and nights amidst grizzly bears, black bears, wolves, elks, and cougars.
Further, there are six backcountry camping grounds in the park, five of which are located along the Rockwall Trail. The Verdant Creek Trail has the sixth camping ground.
Random camping is not allowed during summer, as protecting the landscape and vegetation is crucial. This restriction applies from May to October.
However, in the winter months, you can do random camping in the designated areas. You will still need a permit for this. As I have mentioned, the Rockwall trail is the most prominent place for backcountry camping in the park. This site is also popular for the presence of various multi-day hiking trails. These trails are:
Honeymoon Pass and Verdant Creek
Tumbling – Floe
The Rockwall
Tumbling – Helmet – Ochre Loop
Numa Creek
Helmet Creek and Falls
Tumbling Creek
Helmet – Ochre Junction
In the popular backcountry camping areas, the trails are maintained quite well. Further, there will be amenities like food storage cables, food lockers, picnic tables, and tent pads.
Living in oTENTik
An oTENTik is a modern fusion of a cabin and a tent. In the park, you will find the oTENTik site on the Redstreak campground’s A loop.
If you stay in an oTENTik, you will wake up amidst nature, and taking a bath at the hot springs will be the most rejuvenating experience. Then, you can explore the nearby hiking trails and gorge on traditional meals cooked in the campfire.
Relaxing At Radium Hot Springs
Beneath the colorful Sinclair Canyon mountains lie the most refreshing hot springs. Further, the mineral-rich water of the hot springsdoes not have any odor, and you can take a bath with your entire family.
To reach the Radium Hot Springs, you must drive from Banff and Lake Louise for around 1.5 hours. Further, the journey is as interesting as the destination, as you will get to small turquoise lakes, falls, canyons, and bridges over rivers as you drive through the Kootenay National Park. Also, don’t forget to stop at the following locations to make the most of your journey.
Continental Divide (The line diving the Pacific and Atlantic watersheds)
Marble Canyon Hike
Paint Pots Trail
Numa Falls
Kootenay Valley Viewpoint (It is the place to get the most beautiful view of Vermilion and Mitchell Ranges.)
Olive Lake Trail and Day-Use Area
However, the highlight of the journey, of course, is the Sinclair Canyon, where you will also find big horn sheep roaming. As you hike through the Juniper / Sinclair trail, you will get a “bird’s eye view” of Sinclair Canyon.
Further, as you enter the Radium Hot Springs village, you will see an iconic steel horn sculpture. The “Bighorns Public Art Sculpture” was officially unveiled on 7th April 2021. Moreover, Clara Reinhardt, the mayor of Radium in 2021, said,
“We chose something that implies a sense of arrival to Radium, the Columbia Valley, and beyond. We captured the undeniable natural beauty of the curved horns through a Fibonacci spiral—the golden ratio in nature and art.”
“We wanted to create a piece of art that speaks to both the history and the future of bighorn sheep in Radium. We captured the undeniable natural beauty of the curved horns through a Fibonacci spiral—the golden ratio in nature and art.” – Adam Meikle (Artist of the Bighorns Public Art Sculpture)
Burgess Shale Fossil Hike
The Burgess Shale Fossil Hike in the national park will give you access to Mount Stephen and Walcott Quarry. These are UNESCO Restricted Sites. Further, you will get to see some of the oldest fossils in the world here.
However, in total, you have three routes to explore in the Burgess Shale Fossil Hike. Let’s discuss them in detail.
Walcott Quarry
Starting Point: Takakkaw Falls
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Elevation Gain: 825 Meters
Duration: 11 Hours
Return Distance: 22 Kms
Walcott Quarry is a classic example of a fossil hike. Also, the top view of the Emerald Lake from here is amazing. Further, you will find Burgess Shale creatures here, which were found in fossilized conditions at the mountaintop in the Yoho National Park.
“The Burgess Shale organisms lived 508 million years ago in a time period that Geologists call the Cambrian, which began at 541 Ma (million years ago) and ended by 485.4 Ma. The first fossil occurence of most animal lineages (at the phylum and class levels) occur in the Cambrian. As a result of this fact, and because the fossils are well preserved, Paleontologists studying the Burgess Shale fossils can deduce a great deal about the ancestory of animal lineages.”
The Burgess Shale fossils were discovered at the Walcott Quarry site in 1909 by Charles Doolittle Walcott. 1
Mount Stephen
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Elevation Gain: 795 Meters
Duration: 7.5 Hours
Return Distance: 9 Kms
As you hike through the Mount Stephen trilobite beds, you will get to overlook the “town of Field” in British Columbia. Railway workers in the 1880s used to call the town of Field the space of “stone bugs.”
Further, during this trek, you will see trilobite fossils (now extinct and one of the earliest marine arthropods), and the view of the Kicking Horse River from the trail is amazing.
Stanley Glacier
Difficulty: Moderate
Return Distance: 10 km
Elevation Gain: 385 m
Duration: 7.5 hours
You will start hiking the Stanley Glacier in a fire-swept forest. The forest has lodgepole pine and wildflowers. Further, along your route, you will get to see a turquoise river, waterfalls, and the best view of the Stanley Glacier.
Moreover, you will get to see the fossils of hyolithids, sponges, trilobites, and sponges here, and they are from the Eldon Formation.
Cambroraster, an ancient arthropod, and many other species are found in the quarry near the Stanley Glacier. Further, the shell of a Cambroraster looks like the Millennium Falcon spaceship in its shape.
Important Kootenay National Park Data At A Glance
Before you start for the Kootenay National Park, don’t forget to have a look at the stats.
Location: British Columbia, Canada
Established: 21st April, 1920
Area: 1,406 km²
Highest Landscape: Deltaform Mountain (3,102 m)
Designation: UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984 (As Part of the “Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks )
Visitor Center: Kootenay National Park Visitor Centre (7556 Main Street East; Radium Hot Springs, B.C.)
How to Reach: Via Highway 1 from Banff, AB or Calgary, AB/Via Highway 95 at Radium Hot Springs, BC
The Burgess Shale Geoscience Foundation – Established in 1993, The Burgess Shale Geoscience Foundation is a non-profit organization. It works to educate people about geosciences. ↩︎
Meet Sibashree Bhattacharya, a travel enthusiast who has a decade-long experience in transcending virtual barriers with her words! Her deep love for travel is apparent from her travel escapades to the mountain, often taking her readers on a journey, her words acting as Portkey! Fun fact: Sibashree loves to dive deep into the history of the places she is about to visit, making her travels even more wholesome. If you were wondering how her articles are not short of time travel, this answers it!
NYC is the city that never sleeps. With so much to see and do, it's no wonder that many people find themselves venturing towards extended stay hotels in new york. Here are some of the reasons why hotel stays become extended.
Reasons Why Hotel Stays Become Extended In The New York City:
Here are the best 5 reasons why daily or monthly hotel stays get extended in the New York City:
1. The Attractions
There are countless attractions to explore and experience. From world-famous museums like the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Guggenheim to iconic landmarks like Times Square and the Empire State Building, NYC is a cultural capital that offers something for every type of traveler.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of the most popular tourist destinations in New York City. With its vast collection of art, it's no wonder people often find themselves spending more time than they planned at the museum. There are also several restaurants and cafes located in the museum, so visitors can easily spend an entire day exploring its galleries.
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum is an art museum located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. The building was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright and opened its doors to the public in 1959.
2. Restaurants
New York City has some of the best restaurants in the world. From Michelin-starred dining establishments to hole-in-the-wall eateries, there's no shortage of amazing places to eat in NYC.
Here are some of our favorite NYC restaurants:
Le Bernardin - Located in Midtown, this restaurant is one of NYC's most exclusive dining destinations. With a Michelin star and 4-star rating from the New York Times, Le Bernardin is known for its award-winning seafood dishes that are expertly prepared by Chef Eric Ripert.
Shun Lee Palace - This NYC staple is renowned for its Cantonese cuisine. Whether you're in the mood for a classic dim sum or a signature Peking Duck, Shun Lee Palace will delight your tastebuds with their expertly prepared dishes.
Katz's Delicatessen - Located in NYC's Lower East Side, Katz's Delicatessen is an iconic NYC institution. This Jewish deli is famous for its pastrami sandwiches and matzo ball soup.
Momofuku Noodle Bar - One of NYC's most popular ramen shops, Momofuku Noodle Bar is known for its delicious noodles and inventive dishes.
Russ & Daughters - Another NYC institution, Russ & Daughters is famous for its smoked fish, unique appetizers, and delicious bagels.
Book luxury hotel stays for your extended tour plan, you can appreciate more of the food on offer, which has been cooked by chefs of acclaim. But don’t forget that you can also enjoy the delicacies of restaurants in the surrounding area if you want to make the most of your time in New York City.
3. Nightlife
New York is home to a vibrant NYC nightlife scene that elongates your hotel stays. Whether you're looking for a laid-back bar or a lively nightclub, you'll be able to find it. With so many different bars, clubs, and lounges to choose from, it's easy to see why people end up extending their hotel stays in NYC.
We can extend the day yet relax during the night when we let the lights guide us to what is enjoyable and exciting. There are many shows in New York City to enjoy and many opportunities to fine dine and experience the eat-out culture.
The many bars will be a place to socialize and experience the local culture. You can approach nightlife as a tourist or a resident and obtain the same experience from it.
Places can look very different at night, so it is nice to view New York City at different times of the day or night. You can gain a completely different perspective and achieve different enjoyment levels.
There is always something going on no matter what shift you are working. A hotel right in the center of the action provides the perfect position to join the nightlife. It is also likely that there will be nightlife inside the hotel, which you may find so entertaining that you would rather stick with that instead. That is why hotels put on good shows for their guests. They want to be the ones that entertain you.
4. Shopping Opportunities
It’s another key reason for long-term hotel stays in New York City. The city also offers a wide range of shopping opportunities. From high-end boutiques to everyday chain stores and everything in between, there are plenty of places to shop in New York.
Whether you're looking for the latest fashion trends, everyday items, vintage finds, or one-of-a-kind souvenirs, NYC has something to offer every type of shopper.
5. Conferences and Business Meetings
NYC is a popular destination for conferences and business meetings. With so many corporate headquarters located in New York City, it's no surprise that many people find themselves extending their NYC cheap hotel stays to attend business meetings or conferences.
Summary
Overall, there are many reasons why hotel stays become extended in NYC. Whether you're looking for a cultural experience, delicious food, and drink, exciting nightlife options, or the perfect place to shop, New York has something to offer every type of traveler.
If you're planning a trip to NYC, be sure to add some extra time to your hotel booking so you can truly experience everything this amazing city has to offer.
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The Aeolian Village Beach resort, located on the western coast of Lesvos, in the village of Skala Eressos, is the go-to destination for holidaymakers worldwide, offering them a carefree, relaxing, dreamy vacation.
Among the people who choose the Aeolian Beach Resort for their holidays are families with children, couples, and groups of friends who wish to enjoy an adventure tailored to their needs and preferences. The resort offers an amicable blend of luxury, serenity, and solitude, making their stay there one to remember.
Things to do during your stay.
A variety of Water and Ground Activities are available for those who seek fun and adventure even when on holiday.
For holidaymakers who wish to enjoy amazing water activities - sailing, kayaking, windsurfing, and SUP are available, and for those who prefer to explore the island on two wheels, road cycling, and mountain biking are ideal.
Moreover, the Aeolian Village has included tennis lovers on their list of considerations when planning their activities, as not one but three floodlit tennis courts are available, as well as tennis equipment, and a tennis instructor, for those wishing to improve their skills and technique.
On the other hand, for those with a more laid-back lifestyle, swimming and sunbathing are the perfect option, as the pool and the private beach are there to offer them relaxing times. There is also an exquisite spa, offering the ones to visit it personal consultations and treatments designed to suit their needs and preferences.
What also shouldn't be missed, every September, women from all over the world come together in Skala Eressos for a week-long celebration of music, art, and culture. The International Women's Festival in Skala Eressos features performances by world-renowned musicians and artists, as well as workshops, seminars, and other events focused on promoting women's empowerment and creativity.
Located just a short distance from the festival grounds, the Aeolian Village Beach Resort provides the perfect home base for festival-goers looking for comfortable and convenient accommodations. With spacious rooms, beautiful ocean views, and a range of amenities, including multiple swimming pools, tennis courts, and restaurants, the resort has everything you need to relax and recharge between festival events.
Additionally, those visiting the hotel with their kids could not be an exception, as having fun is a priority for them. Therefore, plenty of activities are available for them, too, with a kids’ club, swimming pools, and restaurants featuring specially designed kids’ menus that all kids love.
During the day, children can spend hours at the kids’ club, where there are games and toys, and do some arts and crafts under the supervision of educated and experienced nannies. If, however, they prefer the outdoors, they can choose from a variety of sports and games at the resort’s premises, or at the beachfront, under the beautiful Greek sun.
Different types of accommodation
The hotel offers guests different room options to suit their style. Twin-room bedrooms with modern designs are ideal for couples and friends, whereas Studio Suite Bedrooms are suitable for those seeking something a bit more extra and luxurious.
The Superior Suites can accommodate up to four persons and are truly elegant and spacious. Moreover, there is also the option of the bungalow Suites, which have a green space outside, which families, in particular, might prefer, as the kids will have some space outside to play before leaving the room.
The island of Lesvos
Lesvos is the most popular northern Aegean island with amazing sandy beaches, a unique destination for travelers who wish to combine fun and quiet time with their holidays. There are different ways by which you can reach Lesvos island, either by plane or by ferry.
The easiest way to reach the island is from Athens. Travelers can choose to fly from Eleftherios Venizelou Airport and arrive at the island one hour later or get a ferry from Piraeus port which departs around 4-5 times a week.
During the summer months, the airport gets busy as it receives flights from Heraklion, Rhodes, Samos, Chios, and some European countries like the Netherlands, Belgium, and the UK. There are, of course, also ferries that connect the island, and in this case, the traveling is significantly more inexpensive than a Lesbos flight.
Upon your arrival, you can reach your destination either by taxi or using public transportation on the island.
Places to visit in Lesvos
Not everyone wishes to lay on a beach and enjoy the sun on their holiday. There are people who wish to explore the area they are visiting and get to know more about the culture, civilization, and history of the place.
Lesvos has many delightful places tourists can choose to visit. Among the most popular is the ‘Caste of Molyvos,’ the ‘Petrified Forest of Lesvos,’ the ‘Natural History Museum,’ and ‘Panagia Glykofilousa.’
The most visited beaches are ‘Skala Eressos Beach’ and ‘Agios Isidoros Beach.’
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Kobuk Valley National Park is surreal! Have you ever thought to meet sand dunes in the Arctic Circle? The unique geology of the park makes it possible. That’s not all! The Great Kobuk sand dunes stand here, along with the remains of the North American continental glaciers.
Three of the sand dunes in this national park are active or alive. The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Hunt River Dunes, and Little Kobuk Sand Dunes here cover a mesmerizing 20,000 acres of area in the park.
Today, hiking through these dunes is one of the most popular activities in the Kobuk Valley National Park.
While it is visually unusual or unexpected to see sand dunes in an Arctic National Park, you also need to understand that the Arctic region gets very little rainfall every year. So, this is also a desert region.
“Sand dunes in the Arctic landscape are not what you would expect. Since most people associate sand dunes with a hot desert environment, it is a visually unusual thing to see. In fact, what most people don't realize is that the Arctic is also a desert with very low levels of rainfall.”
- Christian, a Kobuk Valley National Park Worker
Having said that, how the sand dunes came to be here, and the experience of exploring them will be a great thing to discuss in this article.
This Is How The Kobuk Valley National Park Became The Land Of Sand Dunes
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Much of Alaska, including the Kobuk Valley National Park, falls in the Tundra region. Tundra, the coldest of the biomes, gets only around 150 to 250 mm of rainfall and snowfall yearly1. So, the national park has less rainfall than some of the most well-known deserts in the world.
Further, the sand dunes in the Kobuk Valley are as old as the Ice Age. Now, as the mighty glaciers moved forward and made a retreat, the rocks beneath got ground. Now, the blowing wind transported the sand into the empty and ice-free Kobuk Valley. The sand dunes in the park are up to 150 feet high, and they are the biggest, high-altitude, and most importantly, “active sand fields” in the earth.
In The Land Of The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes
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Are you in the Sahara? No, you are around 35 miles above the Arctic Circle and still find the largest active sand dune field in the world. Today, it is a popular backpacking, hiking, and camping destination in the National Park. You must attend the Northwest Arctic Heritage Center to learn more about the outdoor pursuits in the land of sand dunes.
Let’s quickly look at why the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is a preferred destination for camping, hiking, and backpacking.
The sand is steady enough for the landing of an aircraft with wheels.
You can put up your tent on any level surface.
Also, you can hike in any direction.
Further, you can board a float plane and reach the Kobuk River. From there, you can take a backpacking tour for around two miles and reach the dunes.
You must visit the Kotzebue Visitor Center if you have plans to take this backpacking journey to and from the Kobuk River.
There is no marked route for hiking.
In summer, the temperature in the sand dunes can reach up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Also, fall is the season to see caribou migration here.
However, there’s more to it! Let’s learn about the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes as relics of the Ice Age and how life thrived here.
Great Kobuk Sand Dunes: The Relics Of The Ice Age
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To know about the formation of the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, we must go back to the Ice Age. Around 28000 years ago, glaciers in the mountains formed. I have already discussed how the glaciers ground the rocks and wind deposited them in the Kobuk Valley.
Further, approximately 14000 years ago, the glaciers made a massive retreat. As a result, there were 200,000 acres of sandy land formation on the river banks. Complex holocene activities and geomorphic preservations keep the sand dune field at the Kobuk Valley National Park active or alive. Along with the Kobuk Valley, small lakes in the park have also accumulated sand over thousands of years.
However, most of the landscape today is occupied by the vegetation of the national park, and the sand dune area consists of only 20,000 acres. The vegetation found here consists of the following varieties.
Wild rye
Grasses
Sedges
Kobuk locoweed
Wildflowers blooming occasionally
These species grow on the shifting sand, and they function as stabilizing agents. You can see shrubs, lichens, mosses, and algae following this vegetation. Finally, there are spruce, birch, and aspen trees covering the landscape.
The slopes of the Kobuk Valley sand dunes are the only place where Kobuk locoweeds grow. These plants belong to the pea family, and they are known for their purple flowers. If you want to see these flowers, you must visit the park in late June and July.
The inland dune field of Kobuk Valley National Park is surrounded by boreal forest.
Humans And Wildlife In The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes
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It’s amazing to see the Western Arctic Caribou walking through the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes. Fall and spring are the migration seasons for these animals. The north of Brook Range is the caribou herd’s calving ground, and they migrate to and from this place.
As the caribou herds pass through the sand dunes, their footprints remain in the ground for the longest time. According to National Park Service data, around 250,000 caribou pass through this national park annually.
No wonder that the Kobuk Valley National Park is one of the “last great migrations” remaining in the world. The table below gives you a brief idea about the animals and birds in the sand dunes.
Birds Sharp-shinned Hawk Golden Eagle Bald Eagle American Wigeon Northern Pintail Rough-legged Hawk Marsh Hawk Mammals Caribou Wolverine Muskox Snowshoe Hare Moose Gray Wolf Grizzly Bear Beaver Arctic Fox American Pine Marten Amphibians Wood Frog Fish Longnose Sucker Salmon* Northern Pike Alaska Blackfish Alaska Whitefish Humpback Whitefish Alaskan Stickleback Ninespine Stickleback
Human history in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes is at least 8000 years old. They lived by the Kobuk River and were mainly focused on fishing, hunting, and trapping for survival. It is fascinating to visit the thousand-year-old hunting camps on the edges of the sand dunes.
The golden and shifting Great Kobuk Sand Dunes are located a few miles away from the Kobuk River. Further, the sand dunes soar up to 100 miles in the air.
Kobuk Valley National Park Is Also The Land Of Iñupiaq Subsistence
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Human life, which started in the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes 8000 years ago, is still thriving with the mantra of subsistence. The Iñupiaq people here use the available natural resources to fulfil their physical needs and safeguard their spiritual and cultural requirements.
For example, they depend on caribou and salmon to feed themselves and their dogs. At the same time, caribou skin hide is extensively used to make parka jackets to combat Arctic winter. They also make mukluks or boots using reindeer skin to walk through the snow.
Further, the local people made baskets using birch and willow. Moreover, in darkness, caribou tallow or seal oil were the only ingredients to light up their stone lamps.
Irrespective of the trade with the coastal communities, the “customary, traditional and non-commercial” use of natural resources is still important in the park.
Iñupiat Ilitqusiat And Respecting The Ecosystem
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Aboriginal people in the Kobuk Valley National Park are committed to passing on their values from generation to generation. The Iñupiat Ilitqusiat value asks them to transfer the knowledge and skill of hunting and everything about life.
In addition, this transfer of knowledge helps to make the most of various seasons and subsistence opportunities. For example, the caribou season comes to this park after the salmon season.
Earlier, Noatak Valley was the destination for these people during the caribou season, and even today, some families move to Noatak Valley. Again, summer camping around the Kobuk River is common for fishing, especially catching salmon and whitefish.
Summer is also the season for harvesting berries and wild greens for the local people.
If you want to learn about the local people and their values, you must be respectful and understand their seasonal activities as a part of their subsistence practices.
Overall, the Kobuk Valley National Park is not just a place to see sand dunes and wildlife. It is a tapestry of human lives depending on nature.
Things To Know Before You Visit The Kobuk Valley National Park
For me, the sand dunes and Iñupiaq subsistence practices are the most fascinating things in the Kobuk Valley National Park. However, keep the following information handy if you are to pay a visit anytime soon.
Mode of Transport: Authorized air taxis from Kotzebue or Bettles
Visitor Center: Northwest Arctic Heritage Center
Entrance Fee: Free
Permits Required: Commercial Use Authorization or CUA for commercial activities, Research Permits, Filming and Photography Permits
Activities to Do: Boating, fishing, camping and backpacking, hiking, flight-seeing and exploring nearby attractions
Best Time to Visit: June to July
Area: 1,750,000 Acres
Established: 2nd December, 1980
Number of Visitors: 17,616 (2023) (National Park Service Data)
Snowfall, downpours, and extreme weather conditions can occur in any season of the year. So, follow the instructions shared at the visitor center and keep your gear ready for survival!