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BY  Sibashree Feb 18, 2026

After exploring the Tamil culture and the Hindu temples of Jaffna, it was time to visit an ancient and secluded Buddhist meditation retreat in Sri Lanka.  It has stone ruins from the 1st century BC, and it was once home to the Pamsukulika Sect of monks, who were known for their meditation-based and secluded lives in the forest.  Moreover, the Ritigala Forest Monastery has an association with the stories of the Ramayana. Also, this monastery is inside the Ritigala Forest Reserve. So, it is a place where history, spirituality, and wildlife await you.  Hi, in today’s blog, I will talk about how I climbed up the stone steps to reach the Ritigala Monastery in Sri Lanka, the history, legends, and the main attractions of visiting the ancient monastery today.  I will also talk about the transportation options.  Where Is Ritigala Forest Monastery? Sri Lanka maybe one of the cheapest places to travel in the world. However, its natural beauty and the cultural and historical richness are matchless. The Ritigala Forest Monastery is one of the hidden gems in Sri Lanka.  The Ritigala monastery is located across the mountain of Ritigala. The mountain of Ritigala is the highest mountain in the dry northern region of Sri Lanka.  It is close to Harbarana, which is again the epicenter of the cultural triangle, the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, Dambulla Cave Temple, and Polonnaruwa. It is also the gateway to many wildlife safaris in Sri Lanka.  The distance between Harbarana and the Ritigara mountain is around 21 km. Other important locations near the mountain are Anuradhapura, which is at a distance of 42 km, and Sigiriya, at a distance of 32 km.  Furthermore, the Ritigala Forest Monastery is inside the Ritigala Strict Nature Reserve.  However, remember one thing. As I mentioned in my Jaffna, Sri Lanka, travel guide, you have to rely on the locals when you are exploring the cultural landmarks or a secluded place like the Ritigala Forest Monastery.  You cannot trust Google Maps completely for locating the Ritigara mountains and monastery.  How To Reach The Ritigala Forest Monastery?  Harbarana was the base for my road trip to the Ritigara mountain and trekking further.  1. Reaching Harbarana From The Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) I took a flight to the Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB). The distance between the Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) and Habarana is around 151 km. You can take a car rental for the entire journey. However, being a fan of the LowDownUnder Travel, I chose a different path.  After reaching the Bandaranaike International Airport, I took a taxi to Gampaha and then took a train to Harbarana. The ticket cost me around INR 400, and the travel time was around 4 hours and 40 minutes.  The Sri Lankan Railways runs two trains daily from Gampaha to Habarana.  Other airports close to Harbarana are Sigiriya Airport (18 minutes), Kandy Airport (2 hours), and Trincomalee (1 hour and 36 minutes).  2. From Harbarana To The Ritigara Mountain  From Harbarana, I took a taxi to reach Ritigara. It cost around INR 420, and the travel time was around 35-40 minutes.  You can also reserve a car or tuk-tuk to take you to the mountains, wait for you at the entrance gate, and take you back home when you are done trekking. In such cases, the reserve cost will be around INR 1000-1200.  The route from Harbarana to Ritigara was beautiful. My cab driver pointed out the local farming practices and the land on the way.  It was a fulfilling experience, and as Jaffna has a unique food scene based on its local agricultural practices, the food habits of this northern-central region of Sri Lanka. Red rice, jackfruit curry, and river fish are the staples here.   Also, my driver told me to keep my eyes open to spot elephants. However, I was not lucky enough to spot my favorite animal. I noticed some fresh dung in the road, though.  Furthermore, when the car came off the main road, the ride became a little bumpy. The route from here to the Ritigara mountain was a combination of dirt tracks and semi-paved roads.  Finally, I reached the entrance of Ritigara and purchased my ticket. The ticket cost me around INR 450, and I even got a guide for INR 1200. What Is The History Of Ritigala Forest Monastery?  The history of the Ritigala Forest Monastery goes back to the 1st century BC. You will find here more than 70 rock caves, the 9th-century meditation spots of the "Pansukulika” monks, and unadorned stone pathways.  Here is a brief historical timeline of the Ritigala Forest Monastery.  1. Establishment Of The Ritigara Forest Site For Monks Buddhist monks came here and started living in the sacred mountains in the 1st century BC. There were more than 70 caves where monks started meditating in solitude.  Even today, there are many rock inscriptions from which we can learn about how many patrons helped to build and maintain the site, which was home to monks who left the luxury of monasteries and used to meditate in the caves.  2. Receiving Royal Patronage This site received adequate royal patronage, and from the inscriptions, we especially get to know about King Pandukabhaya.  He founded Anuradhapura and built a reservoir at the base of the mountain for the hermits here in the 4th century BC.  3. Building Of The Pansukulika Sect Monastery King Sena I built the Ritigara Monastery in 833, and it was meant for the Pansukulikas or monks in rag robes.  These monks practiced the highest form of asceticism, and they were on a mission to revive the simple teachings of Lord Buddha.  4. The Decline Of The Pansukulika Sect And The Monastery  From the 9th to the 11th century, the Ritigala Forest Monastery and the Pansukulika Sect of monks enjoyed immense glory.  However, with increasing donations and the monks getting inclined toward what they earlier rejected, the core philosophy of the sect was lost.  Two rival sub-sects were formed within the Pansukulika Sect. Finally, King Vijayabahu I confiscated their extensive holdings in 1070-1110 CE as a part of a Buddhist monastic reform.  5. Abandonment And Discovery Of The Ancient Monastery Despite the royal patronage, the Ritigara Forest Monastery was abandoned around the 10th to 12th centuries due to the Chola invasions.  It was an unprotected ruin until James Mantell, the British colonial surveyor, saw the ruins while climbing up the mountain.  Then, he drew the attention of H.C.P. Bell, the first Archaeological Commissioner of Ceylon. He understood the historical and religious importance of the place and expanded it extensively in 1893.  Finally, in 1941, the 1528 hectares of the forest area, including the ruins, were designated as a Strict Nature Reserve.  Today, the conservation efforts strike a balance between the ecological and archaeological preservation of the monastery and the site.  Design And Engineering Of The Ritigala Forest Monastery: The Incredible Ruin The monastery does not look like the traditional stupas. Here, you will find interconnected stones, paved pathways, and stone bridges.  Furthermore, there are bathing areas like the famous Banda Pokuna.  The most unique thing about the Ritigara Monastery is that here you will not find any Bodhi Tree or any Buddha statue.  It is a place where you can walk, meditate, and contemplate.  You may call it a failed attempt to revive the radical simplicity of Buddhism, but for every seeker, it will always be a place to introspect and connect to a higher energy.  I had goosebumps the moment I entered the monastery. Let’s delve deeper into the unique architecture of the monastery.  1. The Padhanaghara And Stone Pathways  The ruins of the Ritigala Forest Monastery cover an area of around 120 acres. You will see around 50 distinct meditation houses or Padhanaghara in the area.  Inside each meditation house, you will find two raised platforms in the east-west direction, and those were made of stone. A small maot surrounded the platforms, and a small stone bridge connected the platforms.  Probably, these structures were used for some rituals or meditation purposes.  Interlinking stone pathways connect these meditation houses. These pathways are 1.5 meters in width, and the width is consistent as the pathways ascend the slope. These pathways also have circular intersections.  2. Water Management System, The water management system in Ritigala Forest Monastery was sophisticated. Banda Pokuna and Kumbuk Wewa, these twin ponds were carved from rocks.  Furthermore, I found a large stone trough in the courtyard, which was used for cooking food.  Also, I saw the ruins of the monastery hospital and stone mortars, which were used to grind and prepare herbal medicines.  Moreover, the monastery did not have any residential complex. The monks lived and meditated in the caves.  However, there were urinal stones, which were the only amenities or the luxury the monks enjoyed in this austere setup.  What Is The Legend Of The Ritigala Forest Monastery?  The Ritigala mountain has a connection to the Hindu mythology, the Ramayana. Attacked by Ravana, Lakshama, the brother of Lord Ramachandra, became unconscious on the battlefield.  Lord Hanuman, on Lord Rama’s command, went to fetch a life-saving medicinal herb from the Dronagiri. However, he forgot the name of the herb and carried the entire mountain on his shoulder.  When he was crossing the Palk Strait, five segments of the mountain fell from his grasp. The biggest fragment fell on the site of the Ritigara Mountain.  Now, you may not believe the legend of the Ritigala Mountain. However, the presence of various medicinal plants in the mountains keeps the myth alive.  Moreover, among the 417 species of plants here, around 96 varieties are for medicinal purposes. Moreover, the northern peaks have names such as the Wannati-kanda and Aushada-kanda.  Climbing To The Ritigala Forest Monastery In Sri Lanka  Climbing up to the Ritigara Forest Monastery was a free-flowing experience. There are many things to see, but more to feel.  Here is how I explored the ruins.  1. The Bathing Pond  As I left the ticket counter behind, I found the first ruin. I took the stone steps to visit a massive bathing area.  You have to be careful with the steps here, as they are cracks and have overgrown tree roots.  Large trees have grown in the bathing area now. However, you can still understand its massive scale.  2. A Winding Stone Path And Ruins Of The Monastery The winding stone pathway took me through various ruins, and they stood like the blueprints from a bygone era.  The most striking one among them was the ruins of the hospital. It still had a sunken bath and grinding stones for preparing medicines.  As I climbed up, I found the meditation platforms, big multi-chambered rooms, and urinals.  3. The Large Pavilion With Columns  I found a large pavilion here with big columns. However, the more intriguing was the Big Tree behind the ruin.  It is so massive that its ground roots have created a labyrinth. The road seems to fizzle out at this stage. However, my gut instinct said that there is something more.  4. The Hidden Ruin  My guide was not happy with me for continuing further. As I headed down, after the initial disappointment of landing on the forest floor, I found another ruin.  There was a stone bridge, and it took me to a promontory with a square structure. It was the ruins of the library that had many precious manuscripts.  The view from the promontory was amazing.  It is a shame that most trekkers miss it, as the signs are not adequate and often hidden in the overgrown bushes. Furthermore, most of them are only in the Sinhalese language, which only locals can read.  However, I used the absence of signboards to my advantage.  Practical Tips For A Visit To The Ritigara Forest Monastery  If you are traveling with your partner or in a group, you must reserve a tuk-tuk or car to bring you back. You may not get a passing traffic. I took the risk as it was a solo adventure.  You have to carry snacks and water. Wear sunscreen and carry insect repellents.  You will find a toilet at the entrance of the ruins. I did not use it. So, I am not sure about the condition or the amenities available.  Ritigala Forest Monastery: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)  Here are the frequently asked questions and answers about the Ritigala Forest Monastery. 1. How Much Time Is Needed At Ritigala? Trekking the Ritigala Forest Monastery is going to take around 2 hours. So, overall, you will at least need 3 hours in Ritigala. Trekking up the route is easy. However, walking through the cracked stone steps can be challenging.Also, signboards are scarce and incomprehensible on the route. So, you must take a local guide.  2. Where To Stay Near The Ritigala Forest Monastery? I stayed at Habarana, and the name of my hostel was The Lake Breeze. The tariff for the hostel was around INR 2000. The amenities were basic, with fans, Wi-Fi, and mosquito nets.  3. Is Taking A Tour Of Ritigala Forest Monastery Worth It? Yes, taking a tour of the Ritigala Forest Monastery is absolutely worth it. Here, you will find the ruins of the 1st century BC, and it is great for anyone with a keen interest in the history and evolution of Buddhism. Furthermore, the ambiance of the ruins is introspective and meditative. Moreover, you can easily reserve a car or tuk-tuk to reach the base of the Ritigara Mountain and then start your trek for 1.5 to 2 hours. 

BY  Sibashree May 13, 2025

Off-road adventures are fun and games until you hit a snag and have to find a way out. The best way to avoid that is to come prepared. While we cannot predict what might happen to you on the trail, we can help you prepare. This article will look at some things you must do and carry to make your off-road adventures safe and fun. Therefore, follow along to learn all you need to know about the right cheatsheet to follow while you are going on the trail.  How To Minimize Wearing & Tearing During Off-Road Adventure Going on an off-road adventure sounds great. However, fun can easily become punishment if you are not careful enough. This section is mostly about that. Here, we will look at some of the key points you must remember if you want to have fun and be safe at the same time.  However, trouble does not come with a script. Anything can happen at any point in time. Therefore, one key thing you must do is stay mentally prepared. That is the only thing that will be useful when you are on the trail with your car or bike.  Here we go! 1. Start with the Right Vehicle and Gear The foremost thing about maintaining your vehicle during off-road adventures is to choose the right one. You cannot drive a Lamborghini or a Harley while navigating treacherous terrain. Choose a vehicle that is suited for a muddy trail. For bikes, a scrambler or an ADV is the perfect choice. Meanwhile, for cars, go for a 4x4 with great ground clearance. These are best suited for the mud and grime of the trail, compared to other variants.  2. Inspect Before You Go Before setting out, take time to inspect key parts of your vehicle. Check fluid levels (oil, coolant, brake fluid), inspect belts and hoses for signs of wear, and make sure your battery is properly secured. Pay close attention to the tires, brakes, and suspension—these components bear the brunt of off-road punishment. Catching problems early can prevent serious damage and keep your trip running smoothly. 3. Drive with Caution and Control How you drive off-road can make a big difference in how much wear your vehicle suffers. Avoid aggressive acceleration or braking. Instead, maintain a steady pace and navigate over rocks, ruts, and water crossings. Use low-range gears when climbing or descending steep grades to maintain control and reduce strain on your drivetrain. Smooth, deliberate driving helps thoroughly clean your vehicle's damage. 4. Use High-Quality Parts and Accessories Invest in durable, high-performance parts from a trusted auto parts seller when replacing or upgrading components. Budget parts may seem appealing, but they often wear out faster and offer less protection. Upgrades like skid plates, heavy-duty shocks, and reinforced components can make a big difference in long-term reliability. Items You Need During Off-Road Adventures Being out in the wild is difficult, especially if the trail is remote and hosts limited thoroughfare. Therefore, if things go bad, it means that you can be stuck for hours. In worst-case scenarios, it can be days before you can be rescued. As a result, being prepared for the worst and carrying some tools can mean the difference between life and death. Therefore, follow along if you want to know more about some of the tools you must have if you love being out and about with your bike or car. Let’s go! First-Aid Kit This is a no-brainer, but we still listed it in our article. A study shows that most injuries received during off-road adventures could have been controlled if there had been a first aid kit. Some companies specialize in making kits suited for off-roading. Consider getting those kits, as they are purpose-built and come in a portable case that is easy to store in the car's trunk or the top box of your bike.  Flashlight A flashlight is another no-brainer. While you are out and about adventuring, you never know when you will need a flashlight. A flashlight is not just there to illuminate the way, but it can also save lives. A flashlight has sometimes saved adventurers by making them easier to spot from the sky. The best flashlights are the ones that can be worn on your head. These offer better flexibility and keep your hands free.  Extra Blankets If your car or bike breaks down and help is hours away, you need something to keep you warm. This is where trail blankets come in handy. Trail blankets are easy to carry and quite effective. They do not take up much space, and they are great insulators. Apart from blankets, you must also bring a sleeping bag. That will help you stay out at night if things go bad.  Food/Water/Fire The three golden rules of off-road adventures are constant food, water, and fire access. These are the most important things you need out on the trail. For food, consider carrying MREs. Meal-ready-to-eat is great as it packs nutrition in a small space.  For fire, consider carrying waxed wood shavings as they can burn upto an hour without any hassle. As for water, it is self-explanatory.  Sattelite Communicator While trailing, you must have devices that can help you connect with civilization. Think like this: the spokes of your motorcycle gave up, you are stranded, and you must establish communication. What do you do? This is why you must have some sort of communicator that can help you send out a signal that people can use to find you.  The Journey Must Commence With careful preparation and ongoing maintenance, you can reduce your vehicle's wear and tear and enjoy your off-road journeys for years. However, you must also prepare for the worst if push comes to shove. We have also listed some of the necessary components to avert any disasters.  Hopefully, we were able to list all the things and pointers you must ensure for a safe and happy trailing. Therefore, try not to discount anything we have listed here. Otherwise, you can end up being part of the stat.  Thank you and have a great day ahead.

BY  Abdul Aziz Aug 22, 2023

Are you planning a perfect getaway to Pigeon Forge with your friends and family? Then you’re certainly in for a fun-filled and adventurous excursion! Pigeon Forge is full of amazing activities, awesome tourist attractions, breathtaking views, and that warm Southern hospitality that will make you feel right at home. It’s the ultimate tourist destination offering a fun combo for everyone, whether you're aching for a thrilling adventure with your friends or yearning for a memorable family vacation or a romantic honeymoon. However, with millions of tourists flocking to Pigeon Forge each year, this quaint town usually gets quite crowded during peak seasons. That’s why it’s essential to be well-prepared to ensure you and your loved ones have a hassle-free and comfortable trip to this incredible place. Continue reading as we unveil some smart tips to enjoy a comfortable stay in Pigeon Forge and create memories with your loved ones that you’ll cherish for the rest of your life. Research Your Accommodation Options And Make Reservations Beforehand Securing a suitable place to stay is perhaps the first thing to make your trip to Pigeon Forge a comfortable one. After all, you wouldn’t want your accommodation to become a source of discomfort during your trip. Luckily, you’ll find countless accommodation options in Pigeon Forge – from classic cabins that are a symbol of traditional Southern hospitality to world-class hotels and vacation rentals. Search the internet for all the accommodation options and find the one that best suits your individual preferences. If you wish for accommodation with top-notch amenities at a prime location, we recommend booking a room in advance in a top-rated Pigeon Forge hotel on the river, like The Inn on the River. Imagine spending your day listening to the melodies of a flowing river and treating your eyes with the picturesque views of the tranquil waterway and the surrounding natural beauty of the majestic Smoky Mountains. Besides the stunning views, their comfortable, refurbished, and well-designed rooms ensure a restful and enjoyable stay. Moreover, The Inn on the River offers world-class amenities like complimentary breakfast and snacks, indoor and outdoor pools, gift baskets, and free tickets to specific attractions, ensuring that each minute spent with your loved ones during your stay creates lasting memories. On top of that, a serene ambiance adds an extra layer of relaxation to your stay. Thoughtful Planning Is The Recipe For A Comfortable Stay Thoughtful and meticulous planning is undeniably the key ingredient for a stress-free and comfortable trip to Pigeon Forge. It not only saves loads of time and money otherwise spent on last-minute bookings and pricey tickets but also makes your vacation truly enjoyable. Pigeon Forge and its suburbs are loaded with indoor and outdoor activities and fun places you wouldn’t want to miss out on. Instead of feeling lost and bewildered about where to go and what to do, it’s always best to make a comprehensive plan for your entire trip to Pigeon Forge. Planning doesn’t have to be a tedious task; rather, you can turn it into a fun family activity. Conduct thorough research on all the tourist attractions in the area ahead of time and involve every family member to compile a list of places you wish to explore during your stay. This collaborative effort not only helps you determine the most suitable location for your accommodation, close to your preferred tourist spots, but also aids in setting the appropriate duration for your stay based on the time required to visit each destination. Allocate ample time for each activity, and factor in any potential unexpected delays. Try not to purchase online tickets for two consecutive activities with very little time in between. Your Chosen Season And Time Of The Year Matters The Most The time you choose to visit Pigeon Forge depends entirely on your preferences and what you wish to experience during your trip. If you want an enjoyable trip to Pigeon Forge without overloading your vehicle with extra bags of clothing, plan your trip in the spring between mid-March and the end of May and in autumn, specifically from mid-October to early December. Spring and autumn season offers the perfect weather when temperatures stay between the pleasant 60s and 70s, which means you only need an extra layer of clothing for the cool evenings. But if you want to enjoy countless indoor and outdoor activities like white-water rafting in the Pigeon River or ice skating or snowboarding in the surrounding towns, it’s best to plan your visit during the summer and winter months. The world-class hotels in Pigeon Forge offer hot saunas and top-notch amenities to ensure a comfortable stay during peak summer and winter, making your trip enjoyable and memorable. However, don’t forget that Pigeon Forge is also the busiest during the peak season, that is, spring and early autumn. As mentioned earlier, at least 10 million tourists visit this small town each year. From early spring to mid-autumn, the town is usually swarming with tourists, which means most of the cabins and hotels are completely booked during this season, and tickets are sold out. Don’t Forget To Make Time For Relaxation And Rejuvenation Even though Pigeon Forge is a small town, you simply can’t see everything and visit all the attractions during a single trip. Although you may be extremely excited about exploring various destinations and strolling through town, it can also become tedious and stressful. That’s why it’s important to allocate enough time for relaxation and rejuvenation during your vacation to avoid burnout and enjoy a comfortable stay. Remember to get enough rest and eat well to ensure you have the energy and enjoyment you need for your trip. And with free access to a hot breakfast bar each morning at The Inn on the River, you can enjoy a hearty and energizing meal fit for a king that sets you up for an energetic and enjoyable day ahead. Wrapping Up It’s hard to match the excitement and delight of embarking on a trip to Pigeon Forge, where spectacular views can take your breath away, and you can have the time of your life engaging in exciting indoor and outdoor activities with your loved ones. Follow the above tips and suggestions to have a comfortable, enjoyable, and memorable trip to Pigeon Forge with your friends and family. Don’t forget that time is everything when you’re planning your trip to Pigeon Forge! 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